Lack of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Transmission in Rabbits.
Identifieur interne : 000498 ( PubMed/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000497; suivant : 000499Lack of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Transmission in Rabbits.
Auteurs : W. Widagdo [Pays-Bas] ; Nisreen M A. Okba [Pays-Bas] ; Mathilde Richard [Pays-Bas] ; Dennis De Meulder [Pays-Bas] ; Theo M. Bestebroer [Pays-Bas] ; Pascal Lexmond [Pays-Bas] ; Elmoubasher A B A. Farag [Qatar] ; Mohammed Al-Hajri [Qatar] ; Koert J. Stittelaar [Pays-Bas] ; Leon De Waal [Pays-Bas] ; Geert Van Amerongen [Pays-Bas] ; Judith M A. Van Den Brand [Pays-Bas] ; Bart L. Haagmans [Pays-Bas] ; Sander Herfst [Pays-Bas]Source :
- Viruses [ 1999-4915 ] ; 2019.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- ARN viral (analyse), Animaux, Anticorps antiviraux (sang), Appareil respiratoire (virologie), Chameaux (virologie), Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (immunologie), Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (physiologie), Excrétion virale, Femelle, Infections à coronavirus (transmission), Infections à coronavirus (virologie), Lapins (virologie), Mâle, Nez (virologie), Organismes exempts d'organismes pathogènes spécifiques, Réservoirs d'agents pathogènes (virologie).
- MESH :
- analyse : ARN viral.
- immunologie : Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient.
- physiologie : Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient.
- sang : Anticorps antiviraux.
- virologie : Appareil respiratoire, Chameaux, Infections à coronavirus, Lapins, Nez, Réservoirs d'agents pathogènes.
- transmission : Animaux, Excrétion virale, Femelle, Infections à coronavirus, Mâle, Organismes exempts d'organismes pathogènes spécifiques.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Animals, Antibodies, Viral (blood), Camelus (virology), Coronavirus Infections (transmission), Coronavirus Infections (virology), Disease Reservoirs (virology), Female, Male, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (immunology), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (physiology), Nose (virology), RNA, Viral (analysis), Rabbits (virology), Respiratory System (virology), Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms, Virus Shedding.
- MESH :
- chemical , analysis : RNA, Viral.
- chemical , blood : Antibodies, Viral.
- immunology : Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus.
- physiology : Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus.
- transmission : Coronavirus Infections.
- virology : Camelus, Coronavirus Infections, Disease Reservoirs, Nose, Rabbits, Respiratory System.
- Animals, Female, Male, Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms, Virus Shedding.
Abstract
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) transmission from dromedaries to humans has resulted in major outbreaks in the Middle East. Although some other livestock animal species have been shown to be susceptible to MERS-CoV, it is not fully understood why the spread of the virus in these animal species has not been observed in the field. In this study, we used rabbits to further characterize the transmission potential of MERS-CoV. In line with the presence of MERS-CoV receptor in the rabbit nasal epithelium, high levels of viral RNA were shed from the nose following virus inoculation. However, unlike MERS-CoV-infected dromedaries, these rabbits did not develop clinical manifestations including nasal discharge and did shed only limited amounts of infectious virus from the nose. Consistently, no transmission by contact or airborne routes was observed in rabbits. Our data indicate that despite relatively high viral RNA levels produced, low levels of infectious virus are excreted in the upper respiratory tract of rabbits as compared to dromedary camels, thus resulting in a lack of viral transmission.
DOI: 10.3390/v11040381
PubMed: 31022948
Affiliations:
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Bestebroer</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands. t.bestebroer@erasmusmc.nl.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lexmond, Pascal" sort="Lexmond, Pascal" uniqKey="Lexmond P" first="Pascal" last="Lexmond">Pascal Lexmond</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands. p.lexmond@erasmusmc.nl.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Farag, Elmoubasher A B A" sort="Farag, Elmoubasher A B A" uniqKey="Farag E" first="Elmoubasher A B A" last="Farag">Elmoubasher A B A. Farag</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Ministry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar, PO Box. 42. eabdfarag@MOPH.GOV.QA.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Qatar</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Hajri, Mohammed" sort="Al Hajri, Mohammed" uniqKey="Al Hajri M" first="Mohammed" last="Al-Hajri">Mohammed Al-Hajri</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Ministry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar, PO Box. 42. malhajri1@MOPH.GOV.QA.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Qatar</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stittelaar, Koert J" sort="Stittelaar, Koert J" uniqKey="Stittelaar K" first="Koert J" last="Stittelaar">Koert J. Stittelaar</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Viroclinics Biosciences BV, Rotterdam 3029 AK, The Netherlands. stittelaar@viroclinics.com.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Viroclinics Biosciences BV, Rotterdam 3029 AK</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Rotterdam 3029 AK</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Waal, Leon" sort="De Waal, Leon" uniqKey="De Waal L" first="Leon" last="De Waal">Leon De Waal</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Viroclinics Biosciences BV, Rotterdam 3029 AK, The Netherlands. dewaal@viroclinics.com.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Viroclinics Biosciences BV, Rotterdam 3029 AK</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Rotterdam 3029 AK</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Amerongen, Geert" sort="Van Amerongen, Geert" uniqKey="Van Amerongen G" first="Geert" last="Van Amerongen">Geert Van Amerongen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Viroclinics Biosciences BV, Rotterdam 3029 AK, The Netherlands. amerongen@viroclinics.com.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Viroclinics Biosciences BV, Rotterdam 3029 AK</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Rotterdam 3029 AK</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Den Brand, Judith M A" sort="Van Den Brand, Judith M A" uniqKey="Van Den Brand J" first="Judith M A" last="Van Den Brand">Judith M A. Van Den Brand</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands. j.m.a.vandenbrand@uu.nl.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Haagmans, Bart L" sort="Haagmans, Bart L" uniqKey="Haagmans B" first="Bart L" last="Haagmans">Bart L. 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Widagdo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands. w.widagdo@erasmusmc.nl.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Okba, Nisreen M A" sort="Okba, Nisreen M A" uniqKey="Okba N" first="Nisreen M A" last="Okba">Nisreen M A. Okba</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands. n.okba@erasmusmc.nl.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Richard, Mathilde" sort="Richard, Mathilde" uniqKey="Richard M" first="Mathilde" last="Richard">Mathilde Richard</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands. m.richard@erasmusmc.nl.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Meulder, Dennis" sort="De Meulder, Dennis" uniqKey="De Meulder D" first="Dennis" last="De Meulder">Dennis De Meulder</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands. d.demeulder@erasmusmc.nl.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bestebroer, Theo M" sort="Bestebroer, Theo M" uniqKey="Bestebroer T" first="Theo M" last="Bestebroer">Theo M. Bestebroer</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands. t.bestebroer@erasmusmc.nl.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lexmond, Pascal" sort="Lexmond, Pascal" uniqKey="Lexmond P" first="Pascal" last="Lexmond">Pascal Lexmond</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands. p.lexmond@erasmusmc.nl.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Farag, Elmoubasher A B A" sort="Farag, Elmoubasher A B A" uniqKey="Farag E" first="Elmoubasher A B A" last="Farag">Elmoubasher A B A. Farag</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Ministry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar, PO Box. 42. eabdfarag@MOPH.GOV.QA.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Qatar</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Hajri, Mohammed" sort="Al Hajri, Mohammed" uniqKey="Al Hajri M" first="Mohammed" last="Al-Hajri">Mohammed Al-Hajri</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Ministry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar, PO Box. 42. malhajri1@MOPH.GOV.QA.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Qatar</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stittelaar, Koert J" sort="Stittelaar, Koert J" uniqKey="Stittelaar K" first="Koert J" last="Stittelaar">Koert J. Stittelaar</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Viroclinics Biosciences BV, Rotterdam 3029 AK, The Netherlands. stittelaar@viroclinics.com.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Viroclinics Biosciences BV, Rotterdam 3029 AK</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Rotterdam 3029 AK</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Waal, Leon" sort="De Waal, Leon" uniqKey="De Waal L" first="Leon" last="De Waal">Leon De Waal</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Viroclinics Biosciences BV, Rotterdam 3029 AK, The Netherlands. dewaal@viroclinics.com.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Viroclinics Biosciences BV, Rotterdam 3029 AK</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Rotterdam 3029 AK</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Amerongen, Geert" sort="Van Amerongen, Geert" uniqKey="Van Amerongen G" first="Geert" last="Van Amerongen">Geert Van Amerongen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Viroclinics Biosciences BV, Rotterdam 3029 AK, The Netherlands. amerongen@viroclinics.com.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Viroclinics Biosciences BV, Rotterdam 3029 AK</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Rotterdam 3029 AK</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Den Brand, Judith M A" sort="Van Den Brand, Judith M A" uniqKey="Van Den Brand J" first="Judith M A" last="Van Den Brand">Judith M A. Van Den Brand</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands. j.m.a.vandenbrand@uu.nl.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Haagmans, Bart L" sort="Haagmans, Bart L" uniqKey="Haagmans B" first="Bart L" last="Haagmans">Bart L. Haagmans</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands. b.haagmans@erasmusmc.nl.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Herfst, Sander" sort="Herfst, Sander" uniqKey="Herfst S" first="Sander" last="Herfst">Sander Herfst</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands. s.herfst@erasmusmc.nl.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Viruses</title><idno type="eISSN">1999-4915</idno><imprint><date when="2019" type="published">2019</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Antibodies, Viral (blood)</term><term>Camelus (virology)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (transmission)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (virology)</term><term>Disease Reservoirs (virology)</term><term>Female</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (immunology)</term><term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (physiology)</term><term>Nose (virology)</term><term>RNA, Viral (analysis)</term><term>Rabbits (virology)</term><term>Respiratory System (virology)</term><term>Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms</term><term>Virus Shedding</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>ARN viral (analyse)</term><term>Animaux</term><term>Anticorps antiviraux (sang)</term><term>Appareil respiratoire (virologie)</term><term>Chameaux (virologie)</term><term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (immunologie)</term><term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (physiologie)</term><term>Excrétion virale</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Infections à coronavirus (transmission)</term><term>Infections à coronavirus (virologie)</term><term>Lapins (virologie)</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Nez (virologie)</term><term>Organismes exempts d'organismes pathogènes spécifiques</term><term>Réservoirs d'agents pathogènes (virologie)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="analysis" xml:lang="en"><term>RNA, Viral</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="blood" xml:lang="en"><term>Antibodies, Viral</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="analyse" xml:lang="fr"><term>ARN viral</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="sang" xml:lang="fr"><term>Anticorps antiviraux</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="transmission" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Appareil respiratoire</term><term>Chameaux</term><term>Infections à coronavirus</term><term>Lapins</term><term>Nez</term><term>Réservoirs d'agents pathogènes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>Camelus</term><term>Coronavirus Infections</term><term>Disease Reservoirs</term><term>Nose</term><term>Rabbits</term><term>Respiratory System</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Female</term><term>Male</term><term>Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms</term><term>Virus Shedding</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="transmission" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term><term>Excrétion virale</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Infections à coronavirus</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Organismes exempts d'organismes pathogènes spécifiques</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) transmission from dromedaries to humans has resulted in major outbreaks in the Middle East. Although some other livestock animal species have been shown to be susceptible to MERS-CoV, it is not fully understood why the spread of the virus in these animal species has not been observed in the field. In this study, we used rabbits to further characterize the transmission potential of MERS-CoV. In line with the presence of MERS-CoV receptor in the rabbit nasal epithelium, high levels of viral RNA were shed from the nose following virus inoculation. However, unlike MERS-CoV-infected dromedaries, these rabbits did not develop clinical manifestations including nasal discharge and did shed only limited amounts of infectious virus from the nose. Consistently, no transmission by contact or airborne routes was observed in rabbits. Our data indicate that despite relatively high viral RNA levels produced, low levels of infectious virus are excreted in the upper respiratory tract of rabbits as compared to dromedary camels, thus resulting in a lack of viral transmission.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">31022948</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2020</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>19</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>09</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1999-4915</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>11</Volume><Issue>4</Issue><PubDate><Year>2019</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>24</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Viruses</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Viruses</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Lack of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Transmission in Rabbits.</ArticleTitle><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">E381</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.3390/v11040381</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) transmission from dromedaries to humans has resulted in major outbreaks in the Middle East. Although some other livestock animal species have been shown to be susceptible to MERS-CoV, it is not fully understood why the spread of the virus in these animal species has not been observed in the field. In this study, we used rabbits to further characterize the transmission potential of MERS-CoV. In line with the presence of MERS-CoV receptor in the rabbit nasal epithelium, high levels of viral RNA were shed from the nose following virus inoculation. However, unlike MERS-CoV-infected dromedaries, these rabbits did not develop clinical manifestations including nasal discharge and did shed only limited amounts of infectious virus from the nose. Consistently, no transmission by contact or airborne routes was observed in rabbits. Our data indicate that despite relatively high viral RNA levels produced, low levels of infectious virus are excreted in the upper respiratory tract of rabbits as compared to dromedary camels, thus resulting in a lack of viral transmission.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Widagdo</LastName><ForeName>W</ForeName><Initials>W</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0003-1572-8793</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands. w.widagdo@erasmusmc.nl.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Okba</LastName><ForeName>Nisreen M A</ForeName><Initials>NMA</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-2394-1079</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands. n.okba@erasmusmc.nl.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Richard</LastName><ForeName>Mathilde</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands. m.richard@erasmusmc.nl.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>de Meulder</LastName><ForeName>Dennis</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands. d.demeulder@erasmusmc.nl.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bestebroer</LastName><ForeName>Theo M</ForeName><Initials>TM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands. t.bestebroer@erasmusmc.nl.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lexmond</LastName><ForeName>Pascal</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands. p.lexmond@erasmusmc.nl.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Farag</LastName><ForeName>Elmoubasher A B A</ForeName><Initials>EABA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Ministry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar, PO Box. 42. eabdfarag@MOPH.GOV.QA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Al-Hajri</LastName><ForeName>Mohammed</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Ministry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar, PO Box. 42. malhajri1@MOPH.GOV.QA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Stittelaar</LastName><ForeName>Koert J</ForeName><Initials>KJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Viroclinics Biosciences BV, Rotterdam 3029 AK, The Netherlands. stittelaar@viroclinics.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>de Waal</LastName><ForeName>Leon</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Viroclinics Biosciences BV, Rotterdam 3029 AK, The Netherlands. dewaal@viroclinics.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>van Amerongen</LastName><ForeName>Geert</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Viroclinics Biosciences BV, Rotterdam 3029 AK, The Netherlands. amerongen@viroclinics.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>van den Brand</LastName><ForeName>Judith M A</ForeName><Initials>JMA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands. j.m.a.vandenbrand@uu.nl.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Haagmans</LastName><ForeName>Bart L</ForeName><Initials>BL</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0001-6221-2015</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands. b.haagmans@erasmusmc.nl.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Herfst</LastName><ForeName>Sander</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0001-9866-8903</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands. s.herfst@erasmusmc.nl.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D052061">Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2019</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>24</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Switzerland</Country><MedlineTA>Viruses</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101509722</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1999-4915</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000914">Antibodies, Viral</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D012367">RNA, Viral</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000818" MajorTopicYN="N">Animals</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000914" MajorTopicYN="N">Antibodies, Viral</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000097" MajorTopicYN="N">blood</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002162" MajorTopicYN="N">Camelus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="N">virology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018352" MajorTopicYN="N">Coronavirus Infections</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000635" MajorTopicYN="Y">transmission</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="N">virology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004197" MajorTopicYN="N">Disease Reservoirs</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="N">virology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D065207" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009666" MajorTopicYN="N">Nose</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="Y">virology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012367" MajorTopicYN="N">RNA, Viral</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="N">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011817" MajorTopicYN="N">Rabbits</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="Y">virology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012137" MajorTopicYN="N">Respiratory System</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="N">virology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013047" MajorTopicYN="Y">Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D017201" MajorTopicYN="N">Virus Shedding</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">MERS-coronavirus</Keyword><Keyword 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Okba</name><name sortKey="Richard, Mathilde" sort="Richard, Mathilde" uniqKey="Richard M" first="Mathilde" last="Richard">Mathilde Richard</name><name sortKey="Stittelaar, Koert J" sort="Stittelaar, Koert J" uniqKey="Stittelaar K" first="Koert J" last="Stittelaar">Koert J. Stittelaar</name><name sortKey="Van Amerongen, Geert" sort="Van Amerongen, Geert" uniqKey="Van Amerongen G" first="Geert" last="Van Amerongen">Geert Van Amerongen</name><name sortKey="Van Den Brand, Judith M A" sort="Van Den Brand, Judith M A" uniqKey="Van Den Brand J" first="Judith M A" last="Van Den Brand">Judith M A. Van Den Brand</name></country><country name="Qatar"><noRegion><name sortKey="Farag, Elmoubasher A B A" sort="Farag, Elmoubasher A B A" uniqKey="Farag E" first="Elmoubasher A B A" last="Farag">Elmoubasher A B A. Farag</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Al Hajri, Mohammed" sort="Al Hajri, Mohammed" uniqKey="Al Hajri M" first="Mohammed" last="Al-Hajri">Mohammed Al-Hajri</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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