Healthcare worker exposure to Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV): Revision of screening strategies urgently needed
Identifieur interne : 001351 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 001350; suivant : 001352Healthcare worker exposure to Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV): Revision of screening strategies urgently needed
Auteurs : Hala Amer [Arabie saoudite, Égypte] ; Abdulrahman S. Alqahtani [Arabie saoudite] ; Faisal Alaklobi [Arabie saoudite] ; Juhaina Altayeb [Arabie saoudite] ; Ziad A. Memish [Arabie saoudite, États-Unis]Source :
- International Journal of Infectious Diseases [ 1201-9712 ] ; 2018.
Abstract
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) continues to cause frequent hospital outbreaks in Saudi Arabia. Super-spreaders have always played a critical role in propagating healthcare facility outbreaks, and more recently asymptomatic healthcare workers (HCWs) have been identified to play a role. Differences do exist between the national and international guidance on handling HCWS exposed to MERS-CoV. Evidence to date supports liberal testing of all HCWs in close contact with MERS-CoV-positive cases, regardless of the significance of contact or presence or absence of symptoms, and the need for repeat testing. There is a need for urgent review of all guidelines regarding the return of asymptomatic MERS-CoV-positive HCWs under investigation to active duty.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.04.001
PubMed: 29649550
PubMed Central: 7110437
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<series><title level="j">International Journal of Infectious Diseases</title>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>Highlights</title>
<p><list list-type="simple" id="lis0005"><list-item id="lsti0005"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0005">Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) continues to cause frequent hospital outbreaks in Saudi Arabia.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="lsti0010"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0010">Super-spreaders have always played a critical role in propagating healthcare facility outbreaks, and more recently asymptomatic healthcare workers (HCWs) have been identified to play a role.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="lsti0015"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0015">Differences do exist between the national and international guidance on handling HCWS exposed to MERS-CoV.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="lsti0020"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0020">Evidence to date supports liberal testing of all HCWs in close contact with MERS-CoV-positive cases, regardless of the significance of contact or presence or absence of symptoms, and the need for repeat testing.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="lsti0025"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0025">There is a need for urgent review of all guidelines regarding the return of asymptomatic MERS-CoV-positive HCWs under investigation to active duty.</p>
</list-item>
</list>
</p>
</div>
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<pmc article-type="review-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Int J Infect Dis</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Int. J. Infect. Dis</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>International Journal of Infectious Diseases</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">1201-9712</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1878-3511</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases.</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">29649550</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">7110437</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">S1201-9712(18)30083-3</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.ijid.2018.04.001</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Healthcare worker exposure to Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV): Revision of screening strategies urgently needed</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0005"><name><surname>Amer</surname>
<given-names>Hala</given-names>
</name>
<email>haamr@ksmc.med.sa</email>
<xref rid="aff0005" ref-type="aff">a</xref>
<xref rid="aff0010" ref-type="aff">b</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0010"><name><surname>Alqahtani</surname>
<given-names>Abdulrahman S.</given-names>
</name>
<email>asalqahtani@ksmc.med.sa</email>
<xref rid="aff0015" ref-type="aff">c</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0015"><name><surname>Alaklobi</surname>
<given-names>Faisal</given-names>
</name>
<email>Falaklobi@ksmc.med.sa</email>
<xref rid="aff0020" ref-type="aff">d</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0020"><name><surname>Altayeb</surname>
<given-names>Juhaina</given-names>
</name>
<email>jaltiyeb@ksmc.med.sa</email>
<xref rid="aff0005" ref-type="aff">a</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0025"><name><surname>Memish</surname>
<given-names>Ziad A.</given-names>
</name>
<email>memishz@pmah.med.sa</email>
<xref rid="aff0025" ref-type="aff">e</xref>
<xref rid="aff0030" ref-type="aff">f</xref>
<xref rid="cor0005" ref-type="corresp">⁎</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="aff0005"><label>a</label>
Infection Control Department, King Saud Medical City, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</aff>
<aff id="aff0010"><label>b</label>
Department of Community Medicine, National Research Center, Egypt</aff>
<aff id="aff0015"><label>c</label>
Medical Affairs, King Saud Medical City, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</aff>
<aff id="aff0020"><label>d</label>
Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</aff>
<aff id="aff0025"><label>e</label>
College of Medicine, Alfaisal University and Prince Mohammed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</aff>
<aff id="aff0030"><label>f</label>
Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA</aff>
<author-notes><corresp id="cor0005"><label>⁎</label>
Corresponding author at: College of Medicine, Alfaisal University and Prince Mohammed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. <email>memishz@pmah.med.sa</email>
</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>9</day>
<month>4</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on .</pmc-comment>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>6</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>9</day>
<month>4</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>71</volume>
<fpage>113</fpage>
<lpage>116</lpage>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>15</day>
<month>3</month>
<year>2018</year>
</date>
<date date-type="rev-recd"><day>3</day>
<month>4</month>
<year>2018</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>3</day>
<month>4</month>
<year>2018</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© 2018 The Author(s)</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2018</copyright-year>
<license><license-p>Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract abstract-type="author-highlights" id="abs0005"><title>Highlights</title>
<p><list list-type="simple" id="lis0005"><list-item id="lsti0005"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0005">Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) continues to cause frequent hospital outbreaks in Saudi Arabia.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="lsti0010"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0010">Super-spreaders have always played a critical role in propagating healthcare facility outbreaks, and more recently asymptomatic healthcare workers (HCWs) have been identified to play a role.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="lsti0015"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0015">Differences do exist between the national and international guidance on handling HCWS exposed to MERS-CoV.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="lsti0020"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0020">Evidence to date supports liberal testing of all HCWs in close contact with MERS-CoV-positive cases, regardless of the significance of contact or presence or absence of symptoms, and the need for repeat testing.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="lsti0025"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0025">There is a need for urgent review of all guidelines regarding the return of asymptomatic MERS-CoV-positive HCWs under investigation to active duty.</p>
</list-item>
</list>
</p>
</abstract>
<abstract id="abs0010"><sec><title>Objectives</title>
<p>Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) continues to cause frequent hospital outbreaks in Saudi Arabia, with emergency departments as the initial site of the spread of this virus.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Methods</title>
<p>The risk of transmission of MERS-CoV infection to healthcare workers (HCWs) was assessed in an outbreak in Riyadh. All HCWs with unprotected exposure to confirmed cases were tested after 24 h of exposure. Two negative results for MERS-CoV obtained 3 days apart and being free of any suggestive signs and symptoms were used to end the isolation of the HCWs and allow their return to duty.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Results</title>
<p>Overall 17 out of 879 HCWS with different levels of exposure tested positive for MERS-CoV. Of the 15 positive HCWS with adequate follow-up, 40% (6/15 HCWs) tested positive on the first sampling and 53% (8/15) tested positive on the second sampling. The time to negative results among the 15 positive HCWs ranged between 4 and 47 days (average 14.5 days) and the infected HCWs needed on average two samples for clearance. All positive HCWs were either asymptomatic or had mild disease.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusions</title>
<p>The data obtained in this study support the widespread testing of all close contacts of MERS-CoV cases, regardless of the significance of the contact or presence or absence of symptoms. In addition, urgent careful review of guidance regarding the return of asymptomatic MERS-CoV-positive HCWs under investigation to active duty is needed.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>
<kwd-group id="kwd0005"><title>Keywords</title>
<kwd>Screening</kwd>
<kwd>HCWs</kwd>
<kwd>Quarantine</kwd>
<kwd>Isolation</kwd>
<kwd>Saudi Arabia</kwd>
<kwd>MERS-CoV</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
<notes><p id="misc0005"><bold>Corresponding Editor:</bold>
Eskild Petersen, Aarhus, Denmark</p>
</notes>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>
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