Psychiatric Findings in Suspected and Confirmed Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Patients Quarantined in Hospital: A Retrospective Chart Analysis
Identifieur interne : 001130 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 001129; suivant : 001131Psychiatric Findings in Suspected and Confirmed Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Patients Quarantined in Hospital: A Retrospective Chart Analysis
Auteurs : Hyun-Chung Kim [Corée du Sud] ; So-Young Yoo [Corée du Sud] ; Bun-Hee Lee [Corée du Sud] ; So Hee Lee [Corée du Sud] ; Hyoung-Shik Shin [Corée du Sud]Source :
- Psychiatry Investigation [ 1738-3684 ] ; 2018.
Abstract
Little is known about the psychiatric complications or risk factors for depression in suspected or confirmed Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) patients quarantined in hospital.
A retrospective chart review was performed of all the patients admitted to the acute MERS inpatient unit at the NMC during the 2015 outbreak.
30 (75%) were confirmed to be MERS-CoV positive among 40 admitted cases. Among the 24 MERS survivors, 17 (70.8%) exhibited psychiatric symptoms and 10 (41.7%) received a psychiatric diagnosis and medication during their hospital stay. Suspected MERS patients did not exhibit psychiatric symptoms or receive a psychiatric diagnosis. 27 suspected or confirmed MERS patients (age 41.15±18.64, male 37.0%) completed psychological assessments. A multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey-Short form and the Impact of Event Scale-Revised scores were significantly positively correlated with Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scores.
Our findings indicate that the acute treatment of MERS-CoV infections in quarantine had a significant impact on the patients’ mental health. Furthermore, assessment of the risk factors for depression may identify vulnerable patients who require psychiatric care and attention during hospital quarantine.
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DOI: 10.30773/pi.2017.10.25.1
PubMed: 29593206
PubMed Central: 5912494
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Psychiatric Findings in Suspected and Confirmed Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Patients Quarantined in Hospital: A Retrospective Chart Analysis</title><author><name sortKey="Kim, Hyun Chung" sort="Kim, Hyun Chung" uniqKey="Kim H" first="Hyun-Chung" last="Kim">Hyun-Chung Kim</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1-pi-2017-10-25-1">Department of Psychiatry, National Medical Center, Seoul,<country>Republic of Korea</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yoo, So Young" sort="Yoo, So Young" uniqKey="Yoo S" first="So-Young" last="Yoo">So-Young Yoo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1-pi-2017-10-25-1">Department of Psychiatry, National Medical Center, Seoul,<country>Republic of Korea</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Bun Hee" sort="Lee, Bun Hee" uniqKey="Lee B" first="Bun-Hee" last="Lee">Bun-Hee Lee</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af2-pi-2017-10-25-1">Maum & Maum Psychiatric Clinic, Seoul,<country>Republic of Korea</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, So Hee" sort="Lee, So Hee" uniqKey="Lee S" first="So Hee" last="Lee">So Hee Lee</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1-pi-2017-10-25-1">Department of Psychiatry, National Medical Center, Seoul,<country>Republic of Korea</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shin, Hyoung Shik" sort="Shin, Hyoung Shik" uniqKey="Shin H" first="Hyoung-Shik" last="Shin">Hyoung-Shik Shin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af3-pi-2017-10-25-1">Center for Infectious Disease, National Medical Center, Seoul,<country>Republic of Korea</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">29593206</idno><idno type="pmc">5912494</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5912494</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:5912494</idno><idno type="doi">10.30773/pi.2017.10.25.1</idno><date when="2018">2018</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001130</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001130</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">001130</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">001130</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Psychiatric Findings in Suspected and Confirmed Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Patients Quarantined in Hospital: A Retrospective Chart Analysis</title><author><name sortKey="Kim, Hyun Chung" sort="Kim, Hyun Chung" uniqKey="Kim H" first="Hyun-Chung" last="Kim">Hyun-Chung Kim</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1-pi-2017-10-25-1">Department of Psychiatry, National Medical Center, Seoul,<country>Republic of Korea</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yoo, So Young" sort="Yoo, So Young" uniqKey="Yoo S" first="So-Young" last="Yoo">So-Young Yoo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1-pi-2017-10-25-1">Department of Psychiatry, National Medical Center, Seoul,<country>Republic of Korea</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Bun Hee" sort="Lee, Bun Hee" uniqKey="Lee B" first="Bun-Hee" last="Lee">Bun-Hee Lee</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af2-pi-2017-10-25-1">Maum & Maum Psychiatric Clinic, Seoul,<country>Republic of Korea</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, So Hee" sort="Lee, So Hee" uniqKey="Lee S" first="So Hee" last="Lee">So Hee Lee</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1-pi-2017-10-25-1">Department of Psychiatry, National Medical Center, Seoul,<country>Republic of Korea</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shin, Hyoung Shik" sort="Shin, Hyoung Shik" uniqKey="Shin H" first="Hyoung-Shik" last="Shin">Hyoung-Shik Shin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af3-pi-2017-10-25-1">Center for Infectious Disease, National Medical Center, Seoul,<country>Republic of Korea</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Psychiatry Investigation</title><idno type="ISSN">1738-3684</idno><idno type="eISSN">1976-3026</idno><imprint><date when="2018">2018</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Little is known about the psychiatric complications or risk factors for depression in suspected or confirmed Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) patients quarantined in hospital.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>A retrospective chart review was performed of all the patients admitted to the acute MERS inpatient unit at the NMC during the 2015 outbreak.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>30 (75%) were confirmed to be MERS-CoV positive among 40 admitted cases. Among the 24 MERS survivors, 17 (70.8%) exhibited psychiatric symptoms and 10 (41.7%) received a psychiatric diagnosis and medication during their hospital stay. Suspected MERS patients did not exhibit psychiatric symptoms or receive a psychiatric diagnosis. 27 suspected or confirmed MERS patients (age 41.15±18.64, male 37.0%) completed psychological assessments. A multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey-Short form and the Impact of Event Scale-Revised scores were significantly positively correlated with Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scores.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Our findings indicate that the acute treatment of MERS-CoV infections in quarantine had a significant impact on the patients’ mental health. Furthermore, assessment of the risk factors for depression may identify vulnerable patients who require psychiatric care and attention during hospital quarantine.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cho, Sy" uniqKey="Cho S">SY Cho</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kang, Jm" uniqKey="Kang J">JM Kang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ha, Ye" uniqKey="Ha Y">YE Ha</name></author><author><name sortKey="Park, Ge" uniqKey="Park G">GE Park</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Jy" uniqKey="Lee J">JY Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ko, Jh" uniqKey="Ko J">JH Ko</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cheng, Skw" uniqKey="Cheng S">SKW Cheng</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tsang, Jsk" uniqKey="Tsang J">JSK Tsang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ku, Kh" uniqKey="Ku K">KH Ku</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wong, Cw" uniqKey="Wong C">CW Wong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ng, Yk" uniqKey="Ng Y">YK Ng</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kroenke, K" uniqKey="Kroenke K">K Kroenke</name></author><author><name sortKey="Spitzer, Rl" uniqKey="Spitzer R">RL Spitzer</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lim, Hk" uniqKey="Lim H">HK Lim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Woo, Jm" uniqKey="Woo J">JM Woo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Ts" uniqKey="Kim T">TS Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Th" uniqKey="Kim T">TH Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Choi, Ks" uniqKey="Choi K">KS Choi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chung, Sk" uniqKey="Chung S">SK Chung</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lee, Es" uniqKey="Lee E">ES Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shin, Hc" uniqKey="Shin H">HC Shin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, Yj" uniqKey="Yang Y">YJ Yang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cho, Jj" uniqKey="Cho J">JJ Cho</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ahn, Ky" uniqKey="Ahn K">KY Ahn</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Sh" uniqKey="Kim S">SH Kim</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Joo, H" uniqKey="Joo H">H Joo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ahn, H" uniqKey="Ahn H">H Ahn</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wing, Yk" uniqKey="Wing Y">YK Wing</name></author><author><name sortKey="Leung, Cm" uniqKey="Leung C">CM Leung</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cheng, Sk" uniqKey="Cheng S">SK Cheng</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wong, Cw" uniqKey="Wong C">CW Wong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tsang, J" uniqKey="Tsang J">J Tsang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wong, Kc" uniqKey="Wong K">KC Wong</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lee, Am" uniqKey="Lee A">AM Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wong, Jgws" uniqKey="Wong J">JGWS Wong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mcalonan, Gm" uniqKey="Mcalonan G">GM McAlonan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cheung, V" uniqKey="Cheung V">V Cheung</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cheung, C" uniqKey="Cheung C">C Cheung</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sham, Pc" uniqKey="Sham P">PC Sham</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mak, Iwc" uniqKey="Mak I">IWC Mak</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chu, Cm" uniqKey="Chu C">CM Chu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pan, Pc" uniqKey="Pan P">PC Pan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yiu, Mgc" uniqKey="Yiu M">MGC Yiu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chan, Vl" uniqKey="Chan V">VL Chan</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Stanga, Z" uniqKey="Stanga Z">Z Stanga</name></author><author><name sortKey="Field, J" uniqKey="Field J">J Field</name></author><author><name sortKey="Iff, S" uniqKey="Iff S">S Iff</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stucki, A" uniqKey="Stucki A">A Stucki</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lobo, Dn" uniqKey="Lobo D">DN Lobo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Allison, Sp" uniqKey="Allison S">SP Allison</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Este, Ja" uniqKey="Este J">JA Este</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cihlar, T" uniqKey="Cihlar T">T Cihlar</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Psychiatry Investig</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Psychiatry Investig</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">PI</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Psychiatry Investigation</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1738-3684</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1976-3026</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Korean Neuropsychiatric Association</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">29593206</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">5912494</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30773/pi.2017.10.25.1</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">pi-2017-10-25-1</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Original Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Psychiatric Findings in Suspected and Confirmed Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Patients Quarantined in Hospital: A Retrospective Chart Analysis</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kim</surname><given-names>Hyun-Chung</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-pi-2017-10-25-1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yoo</surname><given-names>So-Young</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-pi-2017-10-25-1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lee</surname><given-names>Bun-Hee</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af2-pi-2017-10-25-1"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lee</surname><given-names>So Hee</given-names></name><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1-pi-2017-10-25-1"></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-pi-2017-10-25-1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Shin</surname><given-names>Hyoung-Shik</given-names></name><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2-pi-2017-10-25-1"></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af3-pi-2017-10-25-1"><sup>3</sup></xref></contrib><aff id="af1-pi-2017-10-25-1"><label>1</label>Department of Psychiatry, National Medical Center, Seoul,<country>Republic of Korea</country></aff><aff id="af2-pi-2017-10-25-1"><label>2</label>Maum & Maum Psychiatric Clinic, Seoul,<country>Republic of Korea</country></aff><aff id="af3-pi-2017-10-25-1"><label>3</label>Center for Infectious Disease, National Medical Center, Seoul,<country>Republic of Korea</country></aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="c1-pi-2017-10-25-1">Correspondence: So Hee Lee, MD, PhD Department of Psychiatry, National Medical Center, 245 Eulji-ro, Jung-gu, Seoul 04564, Republic of Korea Tel: +82-2-2260-7311, Fax: +82-2-2268-5028, E-mail: <email>psyhee@hanmail.net</email></corresp><corresp id="c2-pi-2017-10-25-1">Correspondence: Hyoung-Shik Shin, MD, PhD Center for Infectious Disease, National Medical Center, 245 Eulji-ro, Jung-gu, Seoul 04564, Republic of Korea Tel: +82-2-2260-7311, Fax: +82-2-2268-5028, E-mail: <email>hyoungsshin@gmail.com</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>4</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>3</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>355</fpage><lpage>360</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>4</day><month>7</month><year>2017</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>24</day><month>8</month><year>2017</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>25</day><month>10</month><year>2017</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2018 Korean Neuropsychiatric Association</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><license><license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/</ext-link>) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Little is known about the psychiatric complications or risk factors for depression in suspected or confirmed Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) patients quarantined in hospital.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>A retrospective chart review was performed of all the patients admitted to the acute MERS inpatient unit at the NMC during the 2015 outbreak.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>30 (75%) were confirmed to be MERS-CoV positive among 40 admitted cases. Among the 24 MERS survivors, 17 (70.8%) exhibited psychiatric symptoms and 10 (41.7%) received a psychiatric diagnosis and medication during their hospital stay. Suspected MERS patients did not exhibit psychiatric symptoms or receive a psychiatric diagnosis. 27 suspected or confirmed MERS patients (age 41.15±18.64, male 37.0%) completed psychological assessments. A multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey-Short form and the Impact of Event Scale-Revised scores were significantly positively correlated with Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scores.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Our findings indicate that the acute treatment of MERS-CoV infections in quarantine had a significant impact on the patients’ mental health. Furthermore, assessment of the risk factors for depression may identify vulnerable patients who require psychiatric care and attention during hospital quarantine.</p></sec></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>Middle east respiratory syndrome</kwd><kwd>Quarantined hospitalization</kwd><kwd>Psychiatric symptoms</kwd><kwd>Depression</kwd><kwd>Emerging infectious diseases</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><floats-group><fig id="f1-pi-2017-10-25-1" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 1.</label><caption><p>Psychiatric complications in patients with MERS during the acute treatment phase. MERS: Middle East respiratory syndrome.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="pi-2017-10-25-1f1"></graphic></fig><table-wrap id="t1-pi-2017-10-25-1" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table 1.</label><caption><p>General characteristics of patients who completed the psychological assessment</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Variables</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total (N=27)</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Confirmed MERS patients (N=18)</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Suspected MERS Patients (N=9)</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Statistics<sup><xref rid="tfn2-pi-2017-10-25-1" ref-type="table-fn">†</xref></sup></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Gender, N (%)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">χ<sup>2</sup>=1.271, p=0.406</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Male</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10 (37.0)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8 (44.4)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (22.2)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">17 (63.0)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10 (55.6)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7 (77.8)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Age (year) (mean±SD)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">41.15±18.64 (range 21–83)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">46.33±18.85</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">30.78±13.89</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">t=-2.187, df=25, p=0.038</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Marital status, N (%)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">χ<sup>2</sup>=4.120, p=0.127</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Single</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11 (40.7)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5 (27.8)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6 (66.7)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Divorced/separated</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (7.4)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (11.1)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0 (0)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Married</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">14 (51.9)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11 (61.1)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3 (33.3)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Education, N (%)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">χ<sup>2</sup>=0.750, p=0.667</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> High school or lower</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9 (33.3)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7 (38.9)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (22.2)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> More than high school</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">18 (66.7)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11 (61.1)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7 (77.8)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Health care provider<sup><xref rid="tfn1-pi-2017-10-25-1" ref-type="table-fn">*</xref></sup>, N (%)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">χ<sup>2</sup>=4.747, p=0.046</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Yes</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">13 (48.1)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6 (33.3)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7 (77.8)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> No</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">14 (51.9)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12 (66.7)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (22.2)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Previous medical disease, N (%)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">χ<sup>2</sup>=0.000, p=1.000</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Yes</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">15 (55.6)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10 (55.6)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5 (55.6)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> No</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12 (44.4)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8 (44.4)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4 (44.4)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Previous psychiatric disorders, N (%)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">χ<sup>2</sup>=1.080, p=0.538</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Yes</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (7.4)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (11.1)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0 (0)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> No</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">25 (92.6)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16 (88.9)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9 (100)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="tfn1-pi-2017-10-25-1"><label>*</label><p>a kind of health care provider included medical doctor, nurse, and nurse assistant among job,</p></fn><fn id="tfn2-pi-2017-10-25-1"><label>†</label><p>variables were compared between Confirmed MERS patients and Suspected MERS Patients.</p></fn><fn><p>MERS: Middle East Respiratory Syndrome</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap id="t2-pi-2017-10-25-1" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table 2.</label><caption><p>Psychological variables according to depression status (N=27)</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Variables</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No. depression</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Depression<sup><xref rid="tfn3-pi-2017-10-25-1" ref-type="table-fn">*</xref></sup></th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Statistics</th></tr><tr><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">PHQ-9 ≤4 (N=16)</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">PHQ-9 ≥5 (N=11)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">KNHANES-Short form (mean±SD)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11.06±2.38</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">20.64±8.80</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">t=4.169, df=25, p<0.001</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> IES-R</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.31±8.36</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">18.09±17.34</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">t=2.262, df=25, p=0.017</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">PTD-PTNB-PTSS (mean±SD)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> PTD</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.63±1.09</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.18±4.73</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">t=2.922, df=25, p=0.007</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> PTNB</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12.50±3.08</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">14.73±5.87</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">t=1.289, df=25, p=0.209</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> PTSS</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.19±0.54</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.73±3.58</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">t=1.707, df=25, p=0.100</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="tfn3-pi-2017-10-25-1"><label>*</label><p>patients with depression (PHQ-9 ≥5) (N=11) included 8 subjects (29.6%) with mild depression (PHQ-9, 5–9), 2 (7.4%) with moderate depression (PHQ-9, 10–14), and 1 (3.7%) with severe depression (PHQ-9, 20–27).</p></fn><fn><p>PHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire-9, IES-R: the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, PTD-PTNB-PTSS: Peri-traumatic Dissociation-Post-traumatic Negative Beliefs-Post-traumatic Social Support, KNHANES: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap id="t3-pi-2017-10-25-1" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table 3.</label><caption><p>Correlations between PHQ-9 and the other psychological test scores</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1"></th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">PHQ-9</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">KNHANES-short form</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="2" colspan="1">IES-R</th><th align="center" valign="middle" colspan="3" rowspan="1">PTD-PTNB-PTSS<hr></hr></th></tr><tr><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">PTD</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">PTNB</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">PTSS</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">PHQ-9</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">KNHANES-short form</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.814<sup><xref rid="tfn5-pi-2017-10-25-1" ref-type="table-fn">**</xref></sup></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">IES-R</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.679<sup><xref rid="tfn5-pi-2017-10-25-1" ref-type="table-fn">**</xref></sup></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.626<sup><xref rid="tfn5-pi-2017-10-25-1" ref-type="table-fn">**</xref></sup></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">PTD-PTNB-PTSS</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> PTD</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.627<sup><xref rid="tfn5-pi-2017-10-25-1" ref-type="table-fn">**</xref></sup></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.770<sup><xref rid="tfn5-pi-2017-10-25-1" ref-type="table-fn">**</xref></sup></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.630<sup><xref rid="tfn5-pi-2017-10-25-1" ref-type="table-fn">**</xref></sup></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> PTNB</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.454<sup><xref rid="tfn4-pi-2017-10-25-1" ref-type="table-fn">*</xref></sup></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.564<sup><xref rid="tfn5-pi-2017-10-25-1" ref-type="table-fn">**</xref></sup></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.751<sup><xref rid="tfn5-pi-2017-10-25-1" ref-type="table-fn">**</xref></sup></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.571<sup><xref rid="tfn5-pi-2017-10-25-1" ref-type="table-fn">**</xref></sup></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> PTSS</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.363</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.594<sup><xref rid="tfn5-pi-2017-10-25-1" ref-type="table-fn">**</xref></sup></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.786<sup><xref rid="tfn5-pi-2017-10-25-1" ref-type="table-fn">**</xref></sup></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.627<sup><xref rid="tfn5-pi-2017-10-25-1" ref-type="table-fn">**</xref></sup></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.772<sup><xref rid="tfn5-pi-2017-10-25-1" ref-type="table-fn">**</xref></sup></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="tfn4-pi-2017-10-25-1"><label>*</label><p>p<0.05,</p></fn><fn id="tfn5-pi-2017-10-25-1"><label>**</label><p>p<0.001.</p></fn><fn><p>PHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire-9, IES-R: the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, PTD-PTNB-PTSS: Peri-traumatic Dissociation-Post-traumatic Negative Beliefs-Post-traumatic Social Support, KNHANES: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap id="t4-pi-2017-10-25-1" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table 4.</label><caption><p>Analysis of the relationship between PHQ-9 scores and the IES-R and KNHANES-short form scores</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">B</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Standard error</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">β</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">t</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">p</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">(Constant)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.543</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.211</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.246</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.808</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">KNHANES-short form</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.485</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.118</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.730</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.120</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><0.001</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">IES-R</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.167</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.063</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.473</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.642</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.015</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">PTD</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.113</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.251</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.080</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.451</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.656</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">PTNB</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.297</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.186</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.267</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-1.597</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.125</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" colspan="6" rowspan="1">R<sup>2</sup>=0.744, Adjusted R<sup>2</sup>=0.697, F=15.947, p<0.001</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn><p>PHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire-9, IES-R: the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, PTD-PTNB-PTSS: Peri-traumatic Dissociation-Posttraumatic Negative Beliefs-Post-traumatic Social Support, KNHANES: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap></floats-group></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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