Statistical Analysis of the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient in Patients with Clinically Mild Encephalitis/Encephalopathy with a Reversible Splenial Lesion Indicates That the Pathology Extends Well beyond the Visible Lesions
Identifieur interne : 000F14 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000F13; suivant : 000F15Statistical Analysis of the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient in Patients with Clinically Mild Encephalitis/Encephalopathy with a Reversible Splenial Lesion Indicates That the Pathology Extends Well beyond the Visible Lesions
Auteurs : Yang Qing [République populaire de Chine] ; Wang Xiong [République populaire de Chine] ; Huang Da-Xiang [République populaire de Chine] ; Zhu Juan [République populaire de Chine] ; Wang Fei [République populaire de Chine] ; Yu Yong-Qiang [République populaire de Chine]Source :
- Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences [ 1347-3182 ] ; 2019.
Abstract
To investigate whether the genu of the corpus callosum is involved in patients with clinically mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS) type I.
Twenty-three cases of clinically confirmed MERS I were analyzed retrospectively, and MRI features of the lesion were observed. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of the same region of interests in lesions at the splenium and genu of the corpus callosum were measured before and after treatment (i.e., four groups), and the average ADC values were calculated. Paired
The mean ADC values of the splenium before and after treatment were 0.448 ± 0.124 and 0.790 ± 0.070 × 10−3 mm2/s, respectively, showing significant difference (
The genu showed a slight restriction in diffusion in the acute stage of type I MERS. After treatment, this diffusion restriction diminished as it typically does in the splenium. Our results indicate that the pathology in MERS extends well beyond the visible lesions.
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DOI: 10.2463/mrms.mp.2018-0097
PubMed: 30956273
PubMed Central: 7067916
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Statistical Analysis of the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient in Patients with Clinically Mild Encephalitis/Encephalopathy with a Reversible Splenial Lesion Indicates That the Pathology Extends Well beyond the Visible Lesions</title><author><name sortKey="Qing, Yang" sort="Qing, Yang" uniqKey="Qing Y" first="Yang" last="Qing">Yang Qing</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="AFF1">Department of MRI, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anhui, China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of MRI, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anhui</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xiong, Wang" sort="Xiong, Wang" uniqKey="Xiong W" first="Wang" last="Xiong">Wang Xiong</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="AFF2">Department of Neurology, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anhui, China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurology, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anhui</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Da Xiang, Huang" sort="Da Xiang, Huang" uniqKey="Da Xiang H" first="Huang" last="Da-Xiang">Huang Da-Xiang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="AFF3">Department of Endocrinology, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anhui, China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Endocrinology, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anhui</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Juan, Zhu" sort="Juan, Zhu" uniqKey="Juan Z" first="Zhu" last="Juan">Zhu Juan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="AFF1">Department of MRI, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anhui, China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of MRI, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anhui</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fei, Wang" sort="Fei, Wang" uniqKey="Fei W" first="Wang" last="Fei">Wang Fei</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="AFF1">Department of MRI, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anhui, China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of MRI, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anhui</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yong Qiang, Yu" sort="Yong Qiang, Yu" uniqKey="Yong Qiang Y" first="Yu" last="Yong-Qiang">Yu Yong-Qiang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="AFF4">The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">30956273</idno><idno type="pmc">7067916</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7067916</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:7067916</idno><idno type="doi">10.2463/mrms.mp.2018-0097</idno><date when="2019">2019</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000F14</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000F14</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000F14</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000F14</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Statistical Analysis of the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient in Patients with Clinically Mild Encephalitis/Encephalopathy with a Reversible Splenial Lesion Indicates That the Pathology Extends Well beyond the Visible Lesions</title><author><name sortKey="Qing, Yang" sort="Qing, Yang" uniqKey="Qing Y" first="Yang" last="Qing">Yang Qing</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="AFF1">Department of MRI, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anhui, China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of MRI, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anhui</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xiong, Wang" sort="Xiong, Wang" uniqKey="Xiong W" first="Wang" last="Xiong">Wang Xiong</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="AFF2">Department of Neurology, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anhui, China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurology, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anhui</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Da Xiang, Huang" sort="Da Xiang, Huang" uniqKey="Da Xiang H" first="Huang" last="Da-Xiang">Huang Da-Xiang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="AFF3">Department of Endocrinology, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anhui, China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Endocrinology, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anhui</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Juan, Zhu" sort="Juan, Zhu" uniqKey="Juan Z" first="Zhu" last="Juan">Zhu Juan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="AFF1">Department of MRI, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anhui, China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of MRI, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anhui</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fei, Wang" sort="Fei, Wang" uniqKey="Fei W" first="Wang" last="Fei">Wang Fei</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="AFF1">Department of MRI, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anhui, China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of MRI, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anhui</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yong Qiang, Yu" sort="Yong Qiang, Yu" uniqKey="Yong Qiang Y" first="Yu" last="Yong-Qiang">Yu Yong-Qiang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="AFF4">The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences</title><idno type="ISSN">1347-3182</idno><idno type="eISSN">1880-2206</idno><imprint><date when="2019">2019</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose:</title><p>To investigate whether the genu of the corpus callosum is involved in patients with clinically mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS) type I.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods:</title><p>Twenty-three cases of clinically confirmed MERS I were analyzed retrospectively, and MRI features of the lesion were observed. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of the same region of interests in lesions at the splenium and genu of the corpus callosum were measured before and after treatment (i.e., four groups), and the average ADC values were calculated. Paired <italic>t</italic>-tests were used to compare the ADC values of lesions in the splenium and genu before and after treatment. Independent sample <italic>t</italic>-tests were used to compare the values in the splenium and genu after treatment.</p></sec><sec><title>Results:</title><p>The mean ADC values of the splenium before and after treatment were 0.448 ± 0.124 and 0.790 ± 0.070 × 10<sup>−3</sup> mm<sup>2</sup>/s, respectively, showing significant difference (<italic>P</italic> < 0.01). The mean ADC values in the genu before and after treatment were 0.783 ± 0.067 and 0.829 ± 0.070 × 10<sup>−3</sup> mm<sup>2</sup>/s, respectively, also showing significant difference (<italic>P</italic> < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the ADC values between the splenium and genu after treatment (<italic>P</italic> > 0.05).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion:</title><p>The genu showed a slight restriction in diffusion in the acute stage of type I MERS. After treatment, this diffusion restriction diminished as it typically does in the splenium. 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Magn Reson Med Sci</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Magn Reson Med Sci</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mrms</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1347-3182</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1880-2206</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Japanese Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">30956273</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">7067916</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.2463/mrms.mp.2018-0097</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">mrms-19-14</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Major Paper</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Statistical Analysis of the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient in Patients with Clinically Mild Encephalitis/Encephalopathy with a Reversible Splenial Lesion Indicates That the Pathology Extends Well beyond the Visible Lesions</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Qing</surname><given-names>Yang</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AFF1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Xiong</surname><given-names>Wang</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AFF2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Da-xiang</surname><given-names>Huang</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AFF3"><sup>3</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Juan</surname><given-names>Zhu</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AFF1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Fei</surname><given-names>Wang</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AFF1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yong-qiang</surname><given-names>Yu</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AFF4"><sup>4</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="C1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib><aff id="AFF1"><label>1</label>Department of MRI, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anhui, China</aff><aff id="AFF2"><label>2</label>Department of Neurology, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anhui, China</aff><aff id="AFF3"><label>3</label>Department of Endocrinology, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anhui, China</aff><aff id="AFF4"><label>4</label>The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China</aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="C1"><label>*</label>Corresponding author, E-mail: <email>yongqiang_yu@sohu.com</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>4</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>20</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>06</day><month>8</month><year>2018</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>26</day><month>1</month><year>2019</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2019 Japanese Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><license license-type="open-access"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ext-link></license-p></license></permissions><abstract><sec><title>Purpose:</title><p>To investigate whether the genu of the corpus callosum is involved in patients with clinically mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS) type I.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods:</title><p>Twenty-three cases of clinically confirmed MERS I were analyzed retrospectively, and MRI features of the lesion were observed. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of the same region of interests in lesions at the splenium and genu of the corpus callosum were measured before and after treatment (i.e., four groups), and the average ADC values were calculated. Paired <italic>t</italic>-tests were used to compare the ADC values of lesions in the splenium and genu before and after treatment. Independent sample <italic>t</italic>-tests were used to compare the values in the splenium and genu after treatment.</p></sec><sec><title>Results:</title><p>The mean ADC values of the splenium before and after treatment were 0.448 ± 0.124 and 0.790 ± 0.070 × 10<sup>−3</sup> mm<sup>2</sup>/s, respectively, showing significant difference (<italic>P</italic> < 0.01). The mean ADC values in the genu before and after treatment were 0.783 ± 0.067 and 0.829 ± 0.070 × 10<sup>−3</sup> mm<sup>2</sup>/s, respectively, also showing significant difference (<italic>P</italic> < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the ADC values between the splenium and genu after treatment (<italic>P</italic> > 0.05).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion:</title><p>The genu showed a slight restriction in diffusion in the acute stage of type I MERS. After treatment, this diffusion restriction diminished as it typically does in the splenium. Our results indicate that the pathology in MERS extends well beyond the visible lesions.</p></sec></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>apparent diffusion coefficient value</kwd><kwd>corpus callosum</kwd><kwd>magnetic resonance imaging</kwd><kwd>clinically mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with reversible splenial lesion</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><floats-group><fig id="F1" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Fig. 1</label><caption><p>A round ROI (58 mm<sup>2</sup>) is automatically generated by Functool-ADC software (General Electric Healthcare, Milwaukee, IL, USA). The ROI is carefully copied and placed in the center of the genu and splenium of the corpus callosum. The location of the ROIs was jointly confirmed by two radiologists. (<bold>a</bold>) The location of ROIs in the initial examination. (<bold>b</bold>) The location of ROIs in the follow-up examination. ADC, apparent diffusion coefficient.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="mrms-19-14-g1"></graphic></fig><fig id="F2" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Fig. 2</label><caption><p>Shape of SCC lesions in MERS type I; (<bold>a</bold>) circle shape, (<bold>b</bold>) oval shape, (<bold>c</bold>) boomerang shape. There is no visible reduced diffusion in the genu. SCC, splenium of the corpus callosum; MERS, mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="mrms-19-14-g2"></graphic></fig><fig id="F3" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Fig. 3</label><caption><p>SPSS box plots showing the median, four quantiles, maximum, and minimum ADC values from 92 regions of interest (23 MERS type I patients) for four sets of data: initial examination of SCC (group 1, 23 ROIs); follow-up examination of SCC after treatment (group 2, 23 ROIs); initial examination of GCC (group 3, 23 ROIs); follow-up examination of GCC after treatment (group 4, 23 ROIs). Numbers in the box plots indicated the patient No. (corresponding to <xref rid="T1" ref-type="table">Table 1</xref>). ADC, apparent diffusion coefficient; SCC, splenium of the corpus callosum; GCC, genu of the corpus callosum; asterisk, the extreme value of the data group; circle, the outlier value of the data group; MERS, mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="mrms-19-14-g3"></graphic></fig><fig id="F4" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Fig. 4</label><caption><p>Magnetic resonance images from a 23-year-old man presenting with headache. (<bold>a</bold> and <bold>b</bold>) Axial DWI and ADC map showing reduced diffusion in the splenium (arrows), which is a typical MERS type I presentation. There is no visible reduced diffusion in the genu. (<bold>c</bold> and <bold>d</bold>) Follow-up axial DWI and ADC map after 10 days of symptomatic treatment, showing that the lesions had disappeared. DWI: diffusion-weighted imaging; ADC: apparent diffusion coefficient; MERS, mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="mrms-19-14-g4"></graphic></fig><table-wrap id="T1" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table 1</label><caption><p>Basic information for 23 patients included in this study</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Patient No.</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Age (years)</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Sex</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Cause of MERS</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Days from symptom onset to initial MR examination</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Days from follow-up to initial MR examination</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Type of MERS</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Shape of MERS in SCC</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Viral encephalitis</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">I</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Olivary</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Viral encephalitis</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">I</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Boomerang</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Viral encephalitis</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">I</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Circle</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Viral encephalitis</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">I</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Olivary</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mycoplasmal encephalitis</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">I</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Boomerang</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Viral encephalitis</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">I</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Boomerang</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Male</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Viral meningoencephalitis</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">I</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Olivary</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Viral encephalitis</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">I</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Olivary</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">13</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Male</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Central nervous system infection</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">I</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Olivary</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">15</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Male</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Viral meningitis</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">I</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Circle</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">17</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Central nervous system infection</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">I</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Circle</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">21</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Male</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Thyroid storm</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">I</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Olivary</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">13</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">23</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Eclampsia (Iatrogenic drugs)</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">I</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Olivary</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">14</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">23</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Male</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Viral encephalitis</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">I</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Circle</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">15</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">23</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Male</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tuberculosis hemoptysis (Iatrogenic drugs)</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">I</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Circle</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">24</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Viral encephalitis</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">I</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Circle</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">17</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">26</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Brain injury</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">29</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">I</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Olivary</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">18</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">27</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Male</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">I</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Olivary</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">19</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">35</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Male</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Viral encephalitis</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">I</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Olivary</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">20</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">44</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Central nervous system infection</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">I</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Olivary</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">21</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">44</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Viral encephalitis</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">15</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">I</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Olivary</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">22</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">55</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hypoglycemia</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">I</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Olivary</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">23</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">63</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diabetes complicated with chronic renal insufficiency</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">I</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Circle</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="TFN1"><p>MERS: mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion; SCC: splenium of the corpus callosum.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap id="T2" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table 2</label><caption><p>Clinical data of patients with clinically mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS)</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Etiologic group and serum sodium</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No. of patients (%)</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Treatment</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Clinical outcomes</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Infectious disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">17 (73.91)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Anti-virus, anti-infection, symptomatic treatment</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">CR</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Central nervous system infection</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16 (69.57)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Anti-virus, Anti-infection, symptomatic treatment</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">CR</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Systemic infection (hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1 (4.35)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Anti-virus, symptomatic treatment</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">CR</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Metabolic-related diseases (diabetes, hypoglycemia, etc.)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3 (13.04)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Correct electrolyte and blood sugar</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">CR</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute craniocerebral injury</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1 (4.35)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Epidural hematoma removal, symptomatic treatment</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">CR</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Iatrogenic drugs</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (8.70)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Suspend use of drug</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">CR</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hyponatremia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6 (26.09)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Correct electrolyte</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">CR</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="TFN2"><p>CR, complete recovery.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap id="T3" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table 3</label><caption><p>Lesion classification and morphology in the initial MR image of 23 cases of clinically mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS)</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Itemize</th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">DWI</th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ADC-map</th><th colspan="3" align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1">Lesion shape</th></tr><tr><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><hr></hr></th><th colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></th><th colspan="3" align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></th></tr><tr><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">MR feature</th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High</th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low</th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Circle</th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Olivary</th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Boomerang</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Number of cases</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">23</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">23</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">13</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ratio (%)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">100.0</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">100.0</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">30.43</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">56.52</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">13.04</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="TFN3"><p>DWI, diffusion-weighted imaging; ADC, apparent diffusion coefficient.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap id="T4" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table 4</label><caption><p>Mean ADC value and results of paired samples <italic>t</italic>-test on the same region of interest in the SCC and GCC before and after the treatment of 23 cases of clinically mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS)</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Location</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">The initial examination (10<sup>−3</sup> mm<sup>2</sup>/s)</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Follow-up examination (10<sup>−3</sup> mm<sup>2</sup>/s)</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>t</italic></th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>P</italic></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SCC</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.448 ± 0.124</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.790 ± 0.070</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">−12.157</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.096 × 10<sup>−11</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">GCC</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.783 ± 0.067</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.829 ± 0.070</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">−4.780</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9.000 × 10<sup>−5</sup></td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="TFN4"><p>Results are shown as mean ± standard deviation. ADC, apparent diffusion coefficient; SCC, splenium of the corpus callosum; GCC, genu of the corpus callosum.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap></floats-group></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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