Macrolides in critically ill patients with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome
Identifieur interne : 000D55 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000D54; suivant : 000D56Macrolides in critically ill patients with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome
Auteurs : Yaseen M. Arabi [Arabie saoudite] ; Ahmad M. Deeb [Arabie saoudite] ; Fahad Al-Hameed [Arabie saoudite] ; Yasser Mandourah [Arabie saoudite] ; Ghaleb A. Almekhlafi [Arabie saoudite] ; Anees A. Sindi [Arabie saoudite] ; Awad Al-Omari [Arabie saoudite] ; Sarah Shalhoub [Arabie saoudite, Canada] ; Ahmed Mady [Arabie saoudite, Égypte] ; Basem Alraddadi [Arabie saoudite] ; Abdullah Almotairi [Arabie saoudite] ; Kasim Al Khatib [Arabie saoudite] ; Ahmed Abdulmomen [Arabie saoudite] ; Ismael Qushmaq [Arabie saoudite] ; Othman Solaiman [Arabie saoudite] ; Abdulsalam M. Al-Aithan [Arabie saoudite] ; Rajaa Al-Raddadi [Arabie saoudite] ; Ahmad Ragab [Arabie saoudite] ; Abdulrahman Al Harthy [Arabie saoudite] ; Ayman Kharaba [Arabie saoudite] ; Jesna Jose [Arabie saoudite] ; Tarek Dabbagh [Arabie saoudite] ; Robert A. Fowler [Canada] ; Hanan H. Balkhy [Arabie saoudite] ; Laura Merson [Royaume-Uni] ; Frederick G. Hayden [États-Unis]Source :
- International Journal of Infectious Diseases [ 1201-9712 ] ; 2019.
Abstract
More than one-third of critically ill patients with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) received empiric therapy with macrolides. Macrolide therapy is not significantly associated with a reduction in 90-day mortality of critically ill patients with MERS-CoV. Macrolide therapy is not significantly associated with improvement in MERS-CoV RNA clearance of critically ill patients with MERS-CoV.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2019.01.041
PubMed: 30690213
PubMed Central: 7110878
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Arabi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0005">College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0010">Intensive Care Department, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Intensive Care Department, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Deeb, Ahmad M" sort="Deeb, Ahmad M" uniqKey="Deeb A" first="Ahmad M." last="Deeb">Ahmad M. 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saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Intensive Care, Dr Sulaiman Al-Habib Group Hospitals, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shalhoub, Sarah" sort="Shalhoub, Sarah" uniqKey="Shalhoub S" first="Sarah" last="Shalhoub">Sarah Shalhoub</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0050">Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0145">Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Western Ontario, London</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mady, Ahmed" sort="Mady, Ahmed" uniqKey="Mady A" first="Ahmed" last="Mady">Ahmed Mady</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0055">Intensive Care Department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Intensive Care Department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0060">Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Tanta University Hospitals, Tanta, Egypt</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Égypte</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Tanta University Hospitals, Tanta</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alraddadi, Basem" sort="Alraddadi, Basem" uniqKey="Alraddadi B" first="Basem" last="Alraddadi">Basem Alraddadi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0040">College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0065">Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Almotairi, Abdullah" sort="Almotairi, Abdullah" uniqKey="Almotairi A" first="Abdullah" last="Almotairi">Abdullah Almotairi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0070">Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Khatib, Kasim" sort="Al Khatib, Kasim" uniqKey="Al Khatib K" first="Kasim" last="Al Khatib">Kasim Al Khatib</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0075">Intensive Care Department, Al-Noor Specialist Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Intensive Care Department, Al-Noor Specialist Hospital, Makkah</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Abdulmomen, Ahmed" sort="Abdulmomen, Ahmed" uniqKey="Abdulmomen A" first="Ahmed" last="Abdulmomen">Ahmed Abdulmomen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0080">Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Qushmaq, Ismael" sort="Qushmaq, Ismael" uniqKey="Qushmaq I" first="Ismael" last="Qushmaq">Ismael Qushmaq</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0065">Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Solaiman, Othman" sort="Solaiman, Othman" uniqKey="Solaiman O" first="Othman" last="Solaiman">Othman Solaiman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0085">King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Aithan, Abdulsalam M" sort="Al Aithan, Abdulsalam M" uniqKey="Al Aithan A" first="Abdulsalam M." last="Al-Aithan">Abdulsalam M. Al-Aithan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0090">Intensive Care Department, Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Intensive Care Department, Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs, Al Ahsa</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0150">King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Al Ahsa</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Raddadi, Rajaa" sort="Al Raddadi, Rajaa" uniqKey="Al Raddadi R" first="Rajaa" last="Al-Raddadi">Rajaa Al-Raddadi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0095">King Abdulaziz University, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>King Abdulaziz University, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ragab, Ahmad" sort="Ragab, Ahmad" uniqKey="Ragab A" first="Ahmad" last="Ragab">Ahmad Ragab</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0100">Intensive Care Department, King Fahd Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Intensive Care Department, King Fahd Hospital, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Harthy, Abdulrahman" sort="Al Harthy, Abdulrahman" uniqKey="Al Harthy A" first="Abdulrahman" last="Al Harthy">Abdulrahman Al Harthy</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0055">Intensive Care Department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Intensive Care Department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kharaba, Ayman" sort="Kharaba, Ayman" uniqKey="Kharaba A" first="Ayman" last="Kharaba">Ayman Kharaba</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0105">Department of Critical Care, King Fahad Hospital, Ohoud Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Monawarah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Critical Care, King Fahad Hospital, Ohoud Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Monawarah</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jose, Jesna" sort="Jose, Jesna" uniqKey="Jose J" first="Jesna" last="Jose">Jesna Jose</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0110">Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dabbagh, Tarek" sort="Dabbagh, Tarek" uniqKey="Dabbagh T" first="Tarek" last="Dabbagh">Tarek Dabbagh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0010">Intensive Care Department, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Intensive Care Department, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0115">King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fowler, Robert A" sort="Fowler, Robert A" uniqKey="Fowler R" first="Robert A." last="Fowler">Robert A. Fowler</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0120">Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0125">Department of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Hospital, Toronto, Ontario</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Balkhy, Hanan H" sort="Balkhy, Hanan H" uniqKey="Balkhy H" first="Hanan H." last="Balkhy">Hanan H. Balkhy</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0005">College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0130">Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Merson, Laura" sort="Merson, Laura" uniqKey="Merson L" first="Laura" last="Merson">Laura Merson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0135">International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC), Infectious Diseases Data Observatory, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC), Infectious Diseases Data Observatory, Oxford University, Oxford</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hayden, Frederick G" sort="Hayden, Frederick G" uniqKey="Hayden F" first="Frederick G." last="Hayden">Frederick G. Hayden</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0140">International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC), Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC), Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">30690213</idno><idno type="pmc">7110878</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7110878</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:7110878</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.ijid.2019.01.041</idno><date when="2019">2019</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000D55</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000D55</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000D55</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000D55</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Macrolides in critically ill patients with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome</title><author><name sortKey="Arabi, Yaseen M" sort="Arabi, Yaseen M" uniqKey="Arabi Y" first="Yaseen M." last="Arabi">Yaseen M. Arabi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0005">College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0010">Intensive Care Department, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Intensive Care Department, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Deeb, Ahmad M" sort="Deeb, Ahmad M" uniqKey="Deeb A" first="Ahmad M." last="Deeb">Ahmad M. Deeb</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0015">Research Office, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of the National Guard − Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Research Office, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of the National Guard − Health Affairs, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Hameed, Fahad" sort="Al Hameed, Fahad" uniqKey="Al Hameed F" first="Fahad" last="Al-Hameed">Fahad Al-Hameed</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0020">College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0025">Department of Intensive Care, Ministry of the National Guard − Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Intensive Care, Ministry of the National Guard − Health Affairs, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mandourah, Yasser" sort="Mandourah, Yasser" uniqKey="Mandourah Y" first="Yasser" last="Mandourah">Yasser Mandourah</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0030">Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Almekhlafi, Ghaleb A" sort="Almekhlafi, Ghaleb A" uniqKey="Almekhlafi G" first="Ghaleb A." last="Almekhlafi">Ghaleb A. Almekhlafi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0030">Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sindi, Anees A" sort="Sindi, Anees A" uniqKey="Sindi A" first="Anees A." last="Sindi">Anees A. Sindi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0035">Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Omari, Awad" sort="Al Omari, Awad" uniqKey="Al Omari A" first="Awad" last="Al-Omari">Awad Al-Omari</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0040">College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0045">Department of Intensive Care, Dr Sulaiman Al-Habib Group Hospitals, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Intensive Care, Dr Sulaiman Al-Habib Group Hospitals, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shalhoub, Sarah" sort="Shalhoub, Sarah" uniqKey="Shalhoub S" first="Sarah" last="Shalhoub">Sarah Shalhoub</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0050">Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0145">Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Western Ontario, London</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mady, Ahmed" sort="Mady, Ahmed" uniqKey="Mady A" first="Ahmed" last="Mady">Ahmed Mady</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0055">Intensive Care Department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Intensive Care Department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0060">Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Tanta University Hospitals, Tanta, Egypt</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Égypte</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Tanta University Hospitals, Tanta</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alraddadi, Basem" sort="Alraddadi, Basem" uniqKey="Alraddadi B" first="Basem" last="Alraddadi">Basem Alraddadi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0040">College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0065">Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Almotairi, Abdullah" sort="Almotairi, Abdullah" uniqKey="Almotairi A" first="Abdullah" last="Almotairi">Abdullah Almotairi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0070">Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Khatib, Kasim" sort="Al Khatib, Kasim" uniqKey="Al Khatib K" first="Kasim" last="Al Khatib">Kasim Al Khatib</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0075">Intensive Care Department, Al-Noor Specialist Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Intensive Care Department, Al-Noor Specialist Hospital, Makkah</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Abdulmomen, Ahmed" sort="Abdulmomen, Ahmed" uniqKey="Abdulmomen A" first="Ahmed" last="Abdulmomen">Ahmed Abdulmomen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0080">Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Qushmaq, Ismael" sort="Qushmaq, Ismael" uniqKey="Qushmaq I" first="Ismael" last="Qushmaq">Ismael Qushmaq</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0065">Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Solaiman, Othman" sort="Solaiman, Othman" uniqKey="Solaiman O" first="Othman" last="Solaiman">Othman Solaiman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0085">King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Aithan, Abdulsalam M" sort="Al Aithan, Abdulsalam M" uniqKey="Al Aithan A" first="Abdulsalam M." last="Al-Aithan">Abdulsalam M. Al-Aithan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0090">Intensive Care Department, Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Intensive Care Department, Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs, Al Ahsa</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0150">King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Al Ahsa</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Raddadi, Rajaa" sort="Al Raddadi, Rajaa" uniqKey="Al Raddadi R" first="Rajaa" last="Al-Raddadi">Rajaa Al-Raddadi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0095">King Abdulaziz University, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>King Abdulaziz University, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ragab, Ahmad" sort="Ragab, Ahmad" uniqKey="Ragab A" first="Ahmad" last="Ragab">Ahmad Ragab</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0100">Intensive Care Department, King Fahd Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Intensive Care Department, King Fahd Hospital, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Harthy, Abdulrahman" sort="Al Harthy, Abdulrahman" uniqKey="Al Harthy A" first="Abdulrahman" last="Al Harthy">Abdulrahman Al Harthy</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0055">Intensive Care Department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Intensive Care Department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kharaba, Ayman" sort="Kharaba, Ayman" uniqKey="Kharaba A" first="Ayman" last="Kharaba">Ayman Kharaba</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0105">Department of Critical Care, King Fahad Hospital, Ohoud Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Monawarah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Critical Care, King Fahad Hospital, Ohoud Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Monawarah</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jose, Jesna" sort="Jose, Jesna" uniqKey="Jose J" first="Jesna" last="Jose">Jesna Jose</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0110">Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dabbagh, Tarek" sort="Dabbagh, Tarek" uniqKey="Dabbagh T" first="Tarek" last="Dabbagh">Tarek Dabbagh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0010">Intensive Care Department, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Intensive Care Department, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0115">King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fowler, Robert A" sort="Fowler, Robert A" uniqKey="Fowler R" first="Robert A." last="Fowler">Robert A. Fowler</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0120">Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0125">Department of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Hospital, Toronto, Ontario</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Balkhy, Hanan H" sort="Balkhy, Hanan H" uniqKey="Balkhy H" first="Hanan H." last="Balkhy">Hanan H. Balkhy</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0005">College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0130">Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Merson, Laura" sort="Merson, Laura" uniqKey="Merson L" first="Laura" last="Merson">Laura Merson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0135">International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC), Infectious Diseases Data Observatory, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC), Infectious Diseases Data Observatory, Oxford University, Oxford</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hayden, Frederick G" sort="Hayden, Frederick G" uniqKey="Hayden F" first="Frederick G." last="Hayden">Frederick G. Hayden</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0140">International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC), Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC), Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">International Journal of Infectious Diseases</title><idno type="ISSN">1201-9712</idno><idno type="eISSN">1878-3511</idno><imprint><date when="2019">2019</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>Highlights</title><p><list list-type="simple" id="lis0005"><list-item id="lsti0005"><label>•</label><p id="par0005">More than one-third of critically ill patients with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) received empiric therapy with macrolides.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0010"><label>•</label><p id="par0010">Macrolide therapy is not significantly associated with a reduction in 90-day mortality of critically ill patients with MERS-CoV.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0015"><label>•</label><p id="par0015">Macrolide therapy is not significantly associated with improvement in MERS-CoV RNA clearance of critically ill patients with MERS-CoV.</p></list-item></list></p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Amsden, G W" uniqKey="Amsden G">G.W. 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Int J Infect Dis</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Int. J. Infect. Dis</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>International Journal of Infectious Diseases</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1201-9712</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1878-3511</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">30690213</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">7110878</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">S1201-9712(19)30052-9</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.ijid.2019.01.041</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Macrolides in critically ill patients with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0005"><name><surname>Arabi</surname><given-names>Yaseen M.</given-names></name><email>arabi@ngha.med.sa</email><xref rid="aff0005" ref-type="aff">a</xref><xref rid="aff0010" ref-type="aff">b</xref><xref rid="cor0005" ref-type="corresp">⁎</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0010"><name><surname>Deeb</surname><given-names>Ahmad M.</given-names></name><email>rn_a_deeb@hotmail.com</email><xref rid="aff0015" ref-type="aff">c</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0015"><name><surname>Al-Hameed</surname><given-names>Fahad</given-names></name><email>Hameedf@ngha.med.sa</email><xref rid="aff0020" ref-type="aff">d</xref><xref rid="aff0025" ref-type="aff">e</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0020"><name><surname>Mandourah</surname><given-names>Yasser</given-names></name><email>Yasser.mandourah@me.com</email><xref rid="aff0030" ref-type="aff">f</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0025"><name><surname>Almekhlafi</surname><given-names>Ghaleb A.</given-names></name><email>gmekhlafi@yahoo.com</email><xref rid="aff0030" ref-type="aff">f</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0030"><name><surname>Sindi</surname><given-names>Anees A.</given-names></name><email>ansindi@gmail.com</email><xref rid="aff0035" ref-type="aff">g</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0035"><name><surname>Al-Omari</surname><given-names>Awad</given-names></name><email>dr_awad_ksa@yahoo.com</email><xref rid="aff0040" ref-type="aff">h</xref><xref rid="aff0045" ref-type="aff">i</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0040"><name><surname>Shalhoub</surname><given-names>Sarah</given-names></name><email>sarah.shalhoub@googlemail.com</email><xref rid="aff0050" ref-type="aff">j</xref><xref rid="aff0145" ref-type="aff">C</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0045"><name><surname>Mady</surname><given-names>Ahmed</given-names></name><email>afmady@hotmail.com</email><xref rid="aff0055" ref-type="aff">k</xref><xref rid="aff0060" ref-type="aff">l</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0050"><name><surname>Alraddadi</surname><given-names>Basem</given-names></name><email>basemalraddadi@gmail.com</email><xref rid="aff0040" ref-type="aff">h</xref><xref rid="aff0065" ref-type="aff">m</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0055"><name><surname>Almotairi</surname><given-names>Abdullah</given-names></name><email>aalmotairi@kfmc.med.sa</email><xref rid="aff0070" ref-type="aff">n</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0060"><name><surname>Al Khatib</surname><given-names>Kasim</given-names></name><email>kasimalkhatib@yahoo.com</email><xref rid="aff0075" ref-type="aff">o</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0065"><name><surname>Abdulmomen</surname><given-names>Ahmed</given-names></name><email>aturk@ksu.edu.sa</email><xref rid="aff0080" ref-type="aff">p</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0070"><name><surname>Qushmaq</surname><given-names>Ismael</given-names></name><email>iqushmaq@kfshrc.edu.sa</email><xref rid="aff0065" ref-type="aff">m</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0075"><name><surname>Solaiman</surname><given-names>Othman</given-names></name><email>omsmd@yahoo.com</email><xref rid="aff0085" ref-type="aff">q</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0080"><name><surname>Al-Aithan</surname><given-names>Abdulsalam M.</given-names></name><email>AithanA@ngha.med.sa</email><xref rid="aff0090" ref-type="aff">r</xref><xref rid="aff0150" ref-type="aff">D</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0085"><name><surname>Al-Raddadi</surname><given-names>Rajaa</given-names></name><email>saudiresearcher@yahoo.com</email><xref rid="aff0095" ref-type="aff">s</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0090"><name><surname>Ragab</surname><given-names>Ahmad</given-names></name><email>ahmadragab63@hotmail.com</email><xref rid="aff0100" ref-type="aff">t</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0095"><name><surname>Al Harthy</surname><given-names>Abdulrahman</given-names></name><email>a_almshal@hotmail.com</email><xref rid="aff0055" ref-type="aff">k</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0100"><name><surname>Kharaba</surname><given-names>Ayman</given-names></name><email>a7yman@hotmail.com</email><xref rid="aff0105" ref-type="aff">u</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0105"><name><surname>Jose</surname><given-names>Jesna</given-names></name><email>joseje@ngha.med.sa</email><xref rid="aff0110" ref-type="aff">v</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0110"><name><surname>Dabbagh</surname><given-names>Tarek</given-names></name><email>DabbaghT@ngha.med.sa</email><xref rid="aff0010" ref-type="aff">b</xref><xref rid="aff0115" ref-type="aff">w</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0115"><name><surname>Fowler</surname><given-names>Robert A.</given-names></name><email>rob.fowler@sunnybrook.ca</email><xref rid="aff0120" ref-type="aff">x</xref><xref rid="aff0125" ref-type="aff">y</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0120"><name><surname>Balkhy</surname><given-names>Hanan H.</given-names></name><email>BalkhyH@ngha.med.sa</email><xref rid="aff0005" ref-type="aff">a</xref><xref rid="aff0130" ref-type="aff">z</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0125"><name><surname>Merson</surname><given-names>Laura</given-names></name><email>laura.merson@ndm.ox.ac.uk</email><xref rid="aff0135" ref-type="aff">A</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0130"><name><surname>Hayden</surname><given-names>Frederick G.</given-names></name><email>fgh@virginia.edu</email><xref rid="aff0140" ref-type="aff">B</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><collab>For the Saudi Critical Care Trials group</collab></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff0005"><label>a</label>College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</aff><aff id="aff0010"><label>b</label>Intensive Care Department, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</aff><aff id="aff0015"><label>c</label>Research Office, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of the National Guard − Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</aff><aff id="aff0020"><label>d</label>College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</aff><aff id="aff0025"><label>e</label>Department of Intensive Care, Ministry of the National Guard − Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</aff><aff id="aff0030"><label>f</label>Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</aff><aff id="aff0035"><label>g</label>Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</aff><aff id="aff0040"><label>h</label>College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</aff><aff id="aff0045"><label>i</label>Department of Intensive Care, Dr Sulaiman Al-Habib Group Hospitals, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</aff><aff id="aff0050"><label>j</label>Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</aff><aff id="aff0055"><label>k</label>Intensive Care Department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</aff><aff id="aff0060"><label>l</label>Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Tanta University Hospitals, Tanta, Egypt</aff><aff id="aff0065"><label>m</label>Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</aff><aff id="aff0070"><label>n</label>Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</aff><aff id="aff0075"><label>o</label>Intensive Care Department, Al-Noor Specialist Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia</aff><aff id="aff0080"><label>p</label>Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</aff><aff id="aff0085"><label>q</label>King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</aff><aff id="aff0090"><label>r</label>Intensive Care Department, Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia</aff><aff id="aff0095"><label>s</label>King Abdulaziz University, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</aff><aff id="aff0100"><label>t</label>Intensive Care Department, King Fahd Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</aff><aff id="aff0105"><label>u</label>Department of Critical Care, King Fahad Hospital, Ohoud Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Monawarah, Saudi Arabia</aff><aff id="aff0110"><label>v</label>Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</aff><aff id="aff0115"><label>w</label>King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</aff><aff id="aff0120"><label>x</label>Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada</aff><aff id="aff0125"><label>y</label>Department of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada</aff><aff id="aff0130"><label>z</label>Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</aff><aff id="aff0135"><label>A</label>International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC), Infectious Diseases Data Observatory, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom</aff><aff id="aff0140"><label>B</label>International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC), Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States</aff><aff id="aff0145"><label>C</label>Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada</aff><aff id="aff0150"><label>D</label>King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia</aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor0005"><label>⁎</label>Corresponding author at: King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, P.O. Box 22490, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia. <email>arabi@ngha.med.sa</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>25</day><month>1</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on .</pmc-comment>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>4</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>1</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>81</volume><fpage>184</fpage><lpage>190</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>2</day><month>11</month><year>2018</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>18</day><month>1</month><year>2019</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>21</day><month>1</month><year>2019</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2019 The Author(s)</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><license><license-p>Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract abstract-type="author-highlights" id="abs0005"><title>Highlights</title><p><list list-type="simple" id="lis0005"><list-item id="lsti0005"><label>•</label><p id="par0005">More than one-third of critically ill patients with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) received empiric therapy with macrolides.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0010"><label>•</label><p id="par0010">Macrolide therapy is not significantly associated with a reduction in 90-day mortality of critically ill patients with MERS-CoV.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0015"><label>•</label><p id="par0015">Macrolide therapy is not significantly associated with improvement in MERS-CoV RNA clearance of critically ill patients with MERS-CoV.</p></list-item></list></p></abstract><abstract id="abs0010"><sec><title>Objectives</title><p>Macrolides have been reported to be associated with improved outcomes in patients with viral pneumonia related to influenza and other viruses, possibly because of their immune-modulatory effects. Macrolides have frequently been used in patients with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS). This study investigated the association of macrolides with 90-day mortality and MERS coronavirus (CoV) RNA clearance in critically ill patients with MERS.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>This retrospective analysis of a multicenter cohort database included 14 tertiary-care hospitals in five cities in Saudi Arabia. Multivariate logistic-regression analysis was used to determine the association of macrolide therapy with 90-day mortality, and the Cox-proportional hazard model to determine the association of macrolide therapy with MERS-CoV RNA clearance.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Of 349 critically ill MERS patients, 136 (39%) received macrolide therapy. Azithromycin was most commonly used (97/136; 71.3%). Macrolide therapy was commonly started before the patient arrived in the intensive care unit (ICU) (51/136; 37.5%), or on day1 in ICU (53/136; 39%). On admission to ICU, the baseline characteristics of patients who received and did not receive macrolides were similar, including demographic data and sequential organ failure assessment score. However, patients who received macrolides were more likely to be admitted with community-acquired MERS (<italic>P</italic> = 0.02). Macrolide therapy was not independently associated with a significant difference in 90-day mortality (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI] :0.47–1.51; <italic>P</italic> = 0.56) or MERS-CoV RNA clearance (adjusted HR: 0.88; 95% CI:0.47–1.64; <italic>P</italic> = 0.68).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>These findings indicate that macrolide therapy is not associated with a reduction in 90-day mortality or improvement in MERS-CoV RNA clearance.</p></sec></abstract><kwd-group id="kwd0005"><title>Keywords</title><kwd>Macrolides</kwd><kwd>MERS-CoV</kwd><kwd>Critical care</kwd><kwd>Pneumonia</kwd><kwd>Influenza</kwd><kwd>Azithromycin</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta><notes><p id="misc0005"><bold>Corresponding Editor:</bold> Eskild Petersen, Aarhus, Denmark</p></notes></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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