Virucidal Activity of World Health Organization–Recommended Formulations Against Enveloped Viruses, Including Zika, Ebola, and Emerging Coronaviruses
Identifieur interne : 000717 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000716; suivant : 000718Virucidal Activity of World Health Organization–Recommended Formulations Against Enveloped Viruses, Including Zika, Ebola, and Emerging Coronaviruses
Auteurs : Anindya Siddharta ; Stephanie Pfaender [Suisse] ; Nathalie Jane Vielle [Suisse] ; Ronald Dijkman [Suisse] ; Martina Friesland ; Britta Becker ; Jaewon Yang [Corée du Sud] ; Michael Engelmann ; Daniel Todt ; Marc P. Windisch [Corée du Sud] ; Florian H. Brill ; Joerg Steinmann ; Jochen Steinmann ; Stephan Becker [Allemagne] ; Marco P. Alves [Suisse] ; Thomas Pietschmann ; Markus Eickmann [Allemagne] ; Volker Thiel [Suisse] ; Eike SteinmannSource :
- The Journal of Infectious Diseases [ 0022-1899 ] ; 2017.
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) published 2 alcohol-based formulations to be used in healthcare settings and for outbreak-associated infections, but inactivation efficacies of these products have not been determined against (re-)emerging viruses. In this study, we evaluated the virucidal activity of these WHO products in a comparative analysis. Zika virus (ZIKV), Ebola virus (EBOV), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) as (re-)emerging viral pathogens and other enveloped viruses could be efficiently inactivated by both WHO formulations, implicating their use in healthcare systems and viral outbreak situations.
Url:
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jix046
PubMed: 28453839
PubMed Central: 5407053
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Windisch</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="AF0008"><institution>Applied Molecular Virology, Institut Pasteur Korea</institution>,<addr-line>Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do</addr-line>,<country>South Korea</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brill, Florian H" sort="Brill, Florian H" uniqKey="Brill F" first="Florian H." last="Brill">Florian H. Brill</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0002"><institution>Dr Brill + Partner GmbH Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology</institution>,<addr-line>Bremen</addr-line>,</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Steinmann, Joerg" sort="Steinmann, Joerg" uniqKey="Steinmann J" first="Joerg" last="Steinmann">Joerg Steinmann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut=", and" id="AF0003"><institution>Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen</institution></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Steinmann, Jochen" sort="Steinmann, Jochen" uniqKey="Steinmann J" first="Jochen" last="Steinmann">Jochen Steinmann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0002"><institution>Dr Brill + Partner GmbH Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology</institution>,<addr-line>Bremen</addr-line>,</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Becker, Stephan" sort="Becker, Stephan" uniqKey="Becker S" first="Stephan" last="Becker">Stephan Becker</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="AF0004"><institution>Institute for Virology, Philipps University of Marburg</institution>,<country>Germany</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alves, Marco P" sort="Alves, Marco P" uniqKey="Alves M" first="Marco P." last="Alves">Marco P. Alves</name><affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut=", and" id="AF0005"><institution>Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty</institution></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="AF0007"><institution>Federal Department of Home Affairs, Institute of Virology and Immunology</institution>,<addr-line>Bern and Mittelhäusern</addr-line>,<country>Switzerland</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pietschmann, Thomas" sort="Pietschmann, Thomas" uniqKey="Pietschmann T" first="Thomas" last="Pietschmann">Thomas Pietschmann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0001"><institution>Institute of Experimental Virology, Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover</institution>,</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eickmann, Markus" sort="Eickmann, Markus" uniqKey="Eickmann M" first="Markus" last="Eickmann">Markus Eickmann</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="AF0004"><institution>Institute for Virology, Philipps University of Marburg</institution>,<country>Germany</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thiel, Volker" sort="Thiel, Volker" uniqKey="Thiel V" first="Volker" last="Thiel">Volker Thiel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut=", and" id="AF0005"><institution>Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty</institution></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; 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and" id="AF0007"><institution>Federal Department of Home Affairs, Institute of Virology and Immunology</institution>,<addr-line>Bern and Mittelhäusern</addr-line>,<country>Switzerland</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vielle, Nathalie Jane" sort="Vielle, Nathalie Jane" uniqKey="Vielle N" first="Nathalie Jane" last="Vielle">Nathalie Jane Vielle</name><affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut=", and" id="AF0005"><institution>Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty</institution></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut=", and" id="AF0006"><institution>Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern</institution></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="AF0007"><institution>Federal Department of Home Affairs, Institute of Virology and Immunology</institution>,<addr-line>Bern and Mittelhäusern</addr-line>,<country>Switzerland</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dijkman, Ronald" sort="Dijkman, Ronald" uniqKey="Dijkman R" first="Ronald" last="Dijkman">Ronald Dijkman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut=", and" id="AF0005"><institution>Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty</institution></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="AF0007"><institution>Federal Department of Home Affairs, Institute of Virology and Immunology</institution>,<addr-line>Bern and Mittelhäusern</addr-line>,<country>Switzerland</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Friesland, Martina" sort="Friesland, Martina" uniqKey="Friesland M" first="Martina" last="Friesland">Martina Friesland</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0001"><institution>Institute of Experimental Virology, Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover</institution>,</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Becker, Britta" sort="Becker, Britta" uniqKey="Becker B" first="Britta" last="Becker">Britta Becker</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0002"><institution>Dr Brill + Partner GmbH Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology</institution>,<addr-line>Bremen</addr-line>,</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, Jaewon" sort="Yang, Jaewon" uniqKey="Yang J" first="Jaewon" last="Yang">Jaewon Yang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="AF0008"><institution>Applied Molecular Virology, Institut Pasteur Korea</institution>,<addr-line>Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do</addr-line>,<country>South Korea</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Engelmann, Michael" sort="Engelmann, Michael" uniqKey="Engelmann M" first="Michael" last="Engelmann">Michael Engelmann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0001"><institution>Institute of Experimental Virology, Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover</institution>,</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Todt, Daniel" sort="Todt, Daniel" uniqKey="Todt D" first="Daniel" last="Todt">Daniel Todt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0001"><institution>Institute of Experimental Virology, Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover</institution>,</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Windisch, Marc P" sort="Windisch, Marc P" uniqKey="Windisch M" first="Marc P." last="Windisch">Marc P. Windisch</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="AF0008"><institution>Applied Molecular Virology, Institut Pasteur Korea</institution>,<addr-line>Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do</addr-line>,<country>South Korea</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brill, Florian H" sort="Brill, Florian H" uniqKey="Brill F" first="Florian H." last="Brill">Florian H. Brill</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0002"><institution>Dr Brill + Partner GmbH Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology</institution>,<addr-line>Bremen</addr-line>,</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Steinmann, Joerg" sort="Steinmann, Joerg" uniqKey="Steinmann J" first="Joerg" last="Steinmann">Joerg Steinmann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut=", and" id="AF0003"><institution>Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen</institution></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Steinmann, Jochen" sort="Steinmann, Jochen" uniqKey="Steinmann J" first="Jochen" last="Steinmann">Jochen Steinmann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0002"><institution>Dr Brill + Partner GmbH Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology</institution>,<addr-line>Bremen</addr-line>,</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Becker, Stephan" sort="Becker, Stephan" uniqKey="Becker S" first="Stephan" last="Becker">Stephan Becker</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="AF0004"><institution>Institute for Virology, Philipps University of Marburg</institution>,<country>Germany</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alves, Marco P" sort="Alves, Marco P" uniqKey="Alves M" first="Marco P." last="Alves">Marco P. Alves</name><affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut=", and" id="AF0005"><institution>Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty</institution></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="AF0007"><institution>Federal Department of Home Affairs, Institute of Virology and Immunology</institution>,<addr-line>Bern and Mittelhäusern</addr-line>,<country>Switzerland</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pietschmann, Thomas" sort="Pietschmann, Thomas" uniqKey="Pietschmann T" first="Thomas" last="Pietschmann">Thomas Pietschmann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0001"><institution>Institute of Experimental Virology, Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover</institution>,</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eickmann, Markus" sort="Eickmann, Markus" uniqKey="Eickmann M" first="Markus" last="Eickmann">Markus Eickmann</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="AF0004"><institution>Institute for Virology, Philipps University of Marburg</institution>,<country>Germany</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thiel, Volker" sort="Thiel, Volker" uniqKey="Thiel V" first="Volker" last="Thiel">Volker Thiel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut=", and" id="AF0005"><institution>Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty</institution></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="AF0007"><institution>Federal Department of Home Affairs, Institute of Virology and Immunology</institution>,<addr-line>Bern and Mittelhäusern</addr-line>,<country>Switzerland</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Steinmann, Eike" sort="Steinmann, Eike" uniqKey="Steinmann E" first="Eike" last="Steinmann">Eike Steinmann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0001"><institution>Institute of Experimental Virology, Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover</institution>,</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The Journal of Infectious Diseases</title><idno type="ISSN">0022-1899</idno><idno type="eISSN">1537-6613</idno><imprint><date when="2017">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>Abstract</title><p>The World Health Organization (WHO) published 2 alcohol-based formulations to be used in healthcare settings and for outbreak-associated infections, but inactivation efficacies of these products have not been determined against (re-)emerging viruses. In this study, we evaluated the virucidal activity of these WHO products in a comparative analysis. Zika virus (ZIKV), Ebola virus (EBOV), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) as (re-)emerging viral pathogens and other enveloped viruses could be efficiently inactivated by both WHO formulations, implicating their use in healthcare systems and viral outbreak situations.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Osterholm, Mt" uniqKey="Osterholm M">MT Osterholm</name></author><author><name sortKey="Moore, Ka" uniqKey="Moore K">KA Moore</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kelley, Ns" uniqKey="Kelley N">NS Kelley</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Steinmann, J" uniqKey="Steinmann J">J Steinmann</name></author><author><name sortKey="Becker, B" uniqKey="Becker B">B Becker</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bischoff, B" uniqKey="Bischoff B">B Bischoff</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Suchomel, M" uniqKey="Suchomel M">M Suchomel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rotter, M" uniqKey="Rotter M">M Rotter</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Suchomel, M" uniqKey="Suchomel M">M Suchomel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kundi, M" uniqKey="Kundi M">M Kundi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pittet, D" uniqKey="Pittet D">D Pittet</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rotter, Ml" uniqKey="Rotter M">ML Rotter</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Steinmann, J" uniqKey="Steinmann J">J Steinmann</name></author><author><name sortKey="Becker, B" uniqKey="Becker B">B Becker</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bischoff, B" uniqKey="Bischoff B">B Bischoff</name></author><author><name sortKey="Magulski, T" uniqKey="Magulski T">T Magulski</name></author><author><name sortKey="Steinmann, J" uniqKey="Steinmann J">J Steinmann</name></author><author><name sortKey="Steinmann, E" uniqKey="Steinmann E">E Steinmann</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pietschmann, T" uniqKey="Pietschmann T">T Pietschmann</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kaul, A" uniqKey="Kaul A">A Kaul</name></author><author><name sortKey="Koutsoudakis, G" uniqKey="Koutsoudakis G">G Koutsoudakis</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Eggers, M" uniqKey="Eggers M">M Eggers</name></author><author><name sortKey="Eickmann, M" uniqKey="Eickmann M">M Eickmann</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kowalski, K" uniqKey="Kowalski K">K Kowalski</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zorn, J" uniqKey="Zorn J">J Zorn</name></author><author><name sortKey="Reimer, K" uniqKey="Reimer K">K Reimer</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Watt, A" uniqKey="Watt A">A Watt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Moukambi, F" uniqKey="Moukambi F">F Moukambi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Banadyga, L" uniqKey="Banadyga L">L Banadyga</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pfaender, S" uniqKey="Pfaender S">S Pfaender</name></author><author><name sortKey="Von Hahn, T" uniqKey="Von Hahn T">T von Hahn</name></author><author><name sortKey="Steinmann, J" uniqKey="Steinmann J">J Steinmann</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ciesek, S" uniqKey="Ciesek S">S Ciesek</name></author><author><name sortKey="Steinmann, E" uniqKey="Steinmann E">E Steinmann</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Muller, Ja" uniqKey="Muller J">JA Müller</name></author><author><name sortKey="Harms, M" uniqKey="Harms M">M Harms</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schubert, A" uniqKey="Schubert A">A Schubert</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ciesek, S" uniqKey="Ciesek S">S Ciesek</name></author><author><name sortKey="Friesland, M" uniqKey="Friesland M">M Friesland</name></author><author><name sortKey="Steinmann, J" uniqKey="Steinmann J">J Steinmann</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rabenau, Hf" uniqKey="Rabenau H">HF Rabenau</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rapp, I" uniqKey="Rapp I">I Rapp</name></author><author><name sortKey="Steinmann, J" uniqKey="Steinmann J">J Steinmann</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Klein, M" uniqKey="Klein M">M Klein</name></author><author><name sortKey="Deforest, A" uniqKey="Deforest A">A Deforest</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="brief-report"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Infect Dis</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">J. Infect. Dis</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jid</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>The Journal of Infectious Diseases</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0022-1899</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1537-6613</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Oxford University Press</publisher-name><publisher-loc>US</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">28453839</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">5407053</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/infdis/jix046</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">jix046</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Brief Report</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Virucidal Activity of World Health Organization–Recommended Formulations Against Enveloped Viruses, Including Zika, Ebola, and Emerging Coronaviruses</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Siddharta</surname><given-names>Anindya</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fn-002"><sup>a</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pfaender</surname><given-names>Stephanie</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0005"><sup>5</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0007"><sup>7</sup></xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fn-002"><sup>a</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Vielle</surname><given-names>Nathalie Jane</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0005"><sup>5</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0006"><sup>6</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0007"><sup>7</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Dijkman</surname><given-names>Ronald</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0005"><sup>5</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0007"><sup>7</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Friesland</surname><given-names>Martina</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Becker</surname><given-names>Britta</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0002"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yang</surname><given-names>Jaewon</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0008"><sup>8</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Engelmann</surname><given-names>Michael</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Todt</surname><given-names>Daniel</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Windisch</surname><given-names>Marc P.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0008"><sup>8</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Brill</surname><given-names>Florian H.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0002"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Steinmann</surname><given-names>Joerg</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0003"><sup>3</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Steinmann</surname><given-names>Jochen</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0002"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Becker</surname><given-names>Stephan</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0004"><sup>4</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Alves</surname><given-names>Marco P.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0005"><sup>5</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0007"><sup>7</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pietschmann</surname><given-names>Thomas</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Eickmann</surname><given-names>Markus</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0004"><sup>4</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Thiel</surname><given-names>Volker</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0005"><sup>5</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0007"><sup>7</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Steinmann</surname><given-names>Eike</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001"><sup>1</sup></xref><pmc-comment>eike.steinmann@twincore.de </pmc-comment>
</contrib></contrib-group><aff id="AF0001"><label>1</label><institution>Institute of Experimental Virology, Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover</institution>,</aff><aff id="AF0002"><label>2</label><institution>Dr Brill + Partner GmbH Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology</institution>,<addr-line>Bremen</addr-line>,</aff><aff id="AF0003"><label>3</label><institution>Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen</institution>, and</aff><aff id="AF0004"><label>4</label><institution>Institute for Virology, Philipps University of Marburg</institution>,<country>Germany</country>;</aff><aff id="AF0005"><label>5</label><institution>Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty</institution>, and</aff><aff id="AF0006"><label>6</label><institution>Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern</institution>, and</aff><aff id="AF0007"><label>7</label><institution>Federal Department of Home Affairs, Institute of Virology and Immunology</institution>,<addr-line>Bern and Mittelhäusern</addr-line>,<country>Switzerland</country>; and</aff><aff id="AF0008"><label>8</label><institution>Applied Molecular Virology, Institut Pasteur Korea</institution>,<addr-line>Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do</addr-line>,<country>South Korea</country></aff><author-notes><fn id="fn-002"><label>a</label><p>A. S. and S. P. contributed equally to this work.</p></fn><fn id="fn-0001"><p>Correspondence: E. Steinmann, PhD, Institute of Experimental Virology, Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 7-9, 30625 Hannover, Germany (<email>eike.steinmann@twincore.de</email>).</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>15</day><month>3</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2017-02-01"><day>01</day><month>2</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>01</day><month>2</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on the
<volume>215</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>902</fpage><lpage>906</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>01</day><month>12</month><year>2016</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>15</day><month>2</month><year>2017</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><license license-type="cc-by-nc-nd" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"><license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs licence (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ext-link>), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="jix046.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><title>Abstract</title><p>The World Health Organization (WHO) published 2 alcohol-based formulations to be used in healthcare settings and for outbreak-associated infections, but inactivation efficacies of these products have not been determined against (re-)emerging viruses. In this study, we evaluated the virucidal activity of these WHO products in a comparative analysis. Zika virus (ZIKV), Ebola virus (EBOV), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) as (re-)emerging viral pathogens and other enveloped viruses could be efficiently inactivated by both WHO formulations, implicating their use in healthcare systems and viral outbreak situations.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>Zika virus</kwd><kwd>Ebola virus</kwd><kwd>WHO</kwd><kwd>SARS</kwd><kwd>MERS.</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group award-type="grant"><funding-source><named-content content-type="funder-id">Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research</named-content></funding-source></award-group><award-group award-type="grant"><funding-source><named-content content-type="funder-id">National Research Foundation</named-content><named-content content-type="funder-identifier">http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001321</named-content></funding-source></award-group><award-group award-type="grant"><funding-source><named-content content-type="funder-id">Korean government</named-content></funding-source><award-id>2014K1A4A7A01074644</award-id></award-group></funding-group><counts><page-count count="5"></page-count></counts></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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