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Survivability, Partitioning, and Recovery of Enveloped Viruses in Untreated Municipal Wastewater

Identifieur interne : 000128 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000127; suivant : 000129

Survivability, Partitioning, and Recovery of Enveloped Viruses in Untreated Municipal Wastewater

Auteurs : Yinyin Ye ; Robert M. Ellenberg ; Katherine E. Graham ; Krista R. Wigginton

Source :

RBID : PMC:7099725

Abstract

Many of the devastating pandemics and outbreaks of the 20th and 21st centuries have involved enveloped viruses, including influenza, HIV, SARS, MERS, and Ebola. However, little is known about the presence and fate of enveloped viruses in municipal wastewater. Here, we compared the survival and partitioning behavior of two model enveloped viruses (MHV and ϕ6) and two nonenveloped bacteriophages (MS2 and T3) in raw wastewater samples. We showed that MHV and ϕ6 remained infective on the time scale of days. Up to 26% of the two enveloped viruses adsorbed to the solid fraction of wastewater compared to 6% of the two nonenveloped viruses. Based on this partitioning behavior, we assessed and optimized methods for recovering enveloped viruses from wastewater. Our optimized ultrafiltration method resulted in mean recoveries (±SD) of 25.1% (±3.6%) and 18.2% (±9.5%) for the enveloped MHV and ϕ6, respectively, and mean recoveries of 55.6% (±16.7%) and 85.5% (±24.5%) for the nonenveloped MS2 and T3, respectively. A maximum of 3.7% of MHV and 2% of MS2 could be recovered from the solids. These results shed light on the environmental fate of an important group of viruses and the presented methods will enable future research on enveloped viruses in water environments.


Url:
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b00876
PubMed: 27111122
PubMed Central: 7099725

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PMC:7099725

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<p>Many of the devastating pandemics and outbreaks of the 20th and 21st centuries have involved enveloped viruses, including influenza, HIV, SARS, MERS, and Ebola. However, little is known about the presence and fate of enveloped viruses in municipal wastewater. Here, we compared the survival and partitioning behavior of two model enveloped viruses (MHV and ϕ6) and two nonenveloped bacteriophages (MS2 and T3) in raw wastewater samples. We showed that MHV and ϕ6 remained infective on the time scale of days. Up to 26% of the two enveloped viruses adsorbed to the solid fraction of wastewater compared to 6% of the two nonenveloped viruses. Based on this partitioning behavior, we assessed and optimized methods for recovering enveloped viruses from wastewater. Our optimized ultrafiltration method resulted in mean recoveries (±SD) of 25.1% (±3.6%) and 18.2% (±9.5%) for the enveloped MHV and ϕ6, respectively, and mean recoveries of 55.6% (±16.7%) and 85.5% (±24.5%) for the nonenveloped MS2 and T3, respectively. A maximum of 3.7% of MHV and 2% of MS2 could be recovered from the solids. These results shed light on the environmental fate of an important group of viruses and the presented methods will enable future research on enveloped viruses in water environments.</p>
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<pmc article-type="research-article" xml:lang="EN">
<pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Environ Sci Technol</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Environ. Sci. Technol</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">es</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="coden">esthag</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Environmental Science & Technology</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">0013-936X</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1520-5851</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>American Chemical Society</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmid">27111122</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">7099725</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1021/acs.est.6b00876</article-id>
<article-categories>
<subj-group>
<subject>Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group>
<article-title>Survivability, Partitioning, and Recovery of Enveloped Viruses in Untreated Municipal Wastewater</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="ath1">
<name>
<surname>Ye</surname>
<given-names>Yinyin</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="ath2">
<name>
<surname>Ellenberg</surname>
<given-names>Robert M.</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="ath3">
<name>
<surname>Graham</surname>
<given-names>Katherine E.</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes" id="ath4">
<name>
<surname>Wigginton</surname>
<given-names>Krista R.</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="cor1" ref-type="other">*</xref>
</contrib>
<aff id="aff1">Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,
<institution>University of Michigan</institution>
, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2125,
<country>United States</country>
</aff>
</contrib-group>
<author-notes>
<corresp id="cor1">
<label>*</label>
Phone:
<phone>+1 (734) 763-2125</phone>
; fax:
<fax>+1 (734) 764-4292</fax>
; e-mail:
<email>kwigg@umich.edu</email>
.</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>25</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub">
<day>17</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>50</volume>
<issue>10</issue>
<fpage>5077</fpage>
<lpage>5085</lpage>
<history>
<date date-type="received">
<day>19</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2016</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted">
<day>25</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2016</year>
</date>
<date date-type="rev-recd">
<day>19</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2016</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright © 2016 American Chemical Society</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2016</copyright-year>
<copyright-holder>American Chemical Society</copyright-holder>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted RESEARCH re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract>
<p content-type="toc-graphic">
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<p>Many of the devastating pandemics and outbreaks of the 20th and 21st centuries have involved enveloped viruses, including influenza, HIV, SARS, MERS, and Ebola. However, little is known about the presence and fate of enveloped viruses in municipal wastewater. Here, we compared the survival and partitioning behavior of two model enveloped viruses (MHV and ϕ6) and two nonenveloped bacteriophages (MS2 and T3) in raw wastewater samples. We showed that MHV and ϕ6 remained infective on the time scale of days. Up to 26% of the two enveloped viruses adsorbed to the solid fraction of wastewater compared to 6% of the two nonenveloped viruses. Based on this partitioning behavior, we assessed and optimized methods for recovering enveloped viruses from wastewater. Our optimized ultrafiltration method resulted in mean recoveries (±SD) of 25.1% (±3.6%) and 18.2% (±9.5%) for the enveloped MHV and ϕ6, respectively, and mean recoveries of 55.6% (±16.7%) and 85.5% (±24.5%) for the nonenveloped MS2 and T3, respectively. A maximum of 3.7% of MHV and 2% of MS2 could be recovered from the solids. These results shed light on the environmental fate of an important group of viruses and the presented methods will enable future research on enveloped viruses in water environments.</p>
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