Is MERS another SARS?
Identifieur interne : 000876 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 000875; suivant : 000877Is MERS another SARS?
Auteurs : Christian DrostenSource :
- The Lancet. Infectious Diseases [ 1473-3099 ] ; 2013.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70159-2
PubMed: 23891403
PubMed Central: 7128230
Links to Exploration step
PMC:7128230Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Is MERS another SARS?</title><author><name sortKey="Drosten, Christian" sort="Drosten, Christian" uniqKey="Drosten C" first="Christian" last="Drosten">Christian Drosten</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">23891403</idno><idno type="pmc">7128230</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7128230</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:7128230</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70159-2</idno><date when="2013">2013</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000876</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000876</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Is MERS another SARS?</title><author><name sortKey="Drosten, Christian" sort="Drosten, Christian" uniqKey="Drosten C" first="Christian" last="Drosten">Christian Drosten</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The Lancet. Infectious Diseases</title><idno type="ISSN">1473-3099</idno><idno type="eISSN">1474-4457</idno><imprint><date when="2013">2013</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zaki, Am" uniqKey="Zaki A">AM Zaki</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van Boheemen, S" uniqKey="Van Boheemen S">S van Boheemen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bestebroer, Tm" uniqKey="Bestebroer T">TM Bestebroer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Osterhaus, Ad" uniqKey="Osterhaus A">AD Osterhaus</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fouchier, Ra" uniqKey="Fouchier R">RA Fouchier</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bermingham, A" uniqKey="Bermingham A">A Bermingham</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chand, Ma" uniqKey="Chand M">MA Chand</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brown, Cs" uniqKey="Brown C">CS Brown</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Assiri, A" uniqKey="Assiri A">A Assiri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Rabeeah, Aa" uniqKey="Al Rabeeah A">AA Al-Rabeeah</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Peiris, Js" uniqKey="Peiris J">JS Peiris</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yuen, Ky" uniqKey="Yuen K">KY Yuen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Osterhaus, Ad" uniqKey="Osterhaus A">AD Osterhaus</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stohr, K" uniqKey="Stohr K">K Stohr</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Peiris, Jsm" uniqKey="Peiris J">JSM Peiris</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chu, Cm" uniqKey="Chu C">CM Chu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cheng, Vcc" uniqKey="Cheng V">VCC Cheng</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Alqurashi, Ka" uniqKey="Alqurashi K">KA Alqurashi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aljabri, Ks" uniqKey="Aljabri K">KS Aljabri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bokhari, Sa" uniqKey="Bokhari S">SA Bokhari</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Assiri, A" uniqKey="Assiri A">A Assiri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mcgeer, A" uniqKey="Mcgeer A">A McGeer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Perl, Tm" uniqKey="Perl T">TM Perl</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chan, Rw" uniqKey="Chan R">RW Chan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chan, Mc" uniqKey="Chan M">MC Chan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Agnihothram, S" uniqKey="Agnihothram S">S Agnihothram</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Corman, Vm" uniqKey="Corman V">VM Corman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Eckerle, I" uniqKey="Eckerle I">I Eckerle</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bleicker, T" uniqKey="Bleicker T">T Bleicker</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Corman, Vm" uniqKey="Corman V">VM Corman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Muller, Ma" uniqKey="Muller M">MA Müller</name></author><author><name sortKey="Costabel, U" uniqKey="Costabel U">U Costabel</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Drosten, C" uniqKey="Drosten C">C Drosten</name></author><author><name sortKey="Seilmaier, M" uniqKey="Seilmaier M">M Seilmaier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Corman, Vm" uniqKey="Corman V">VM Corman</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Guery, B" uniqKey="Guery B">B Guery</name></author><author><name sortKey="Poissy, J" uniqKey="Poissy J">J Poissy</name></author><author><name sortKey="El Mansouf, L" uniqKey="El Mansouf L">L el Mansouf</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Breban, R" uniqKey="Breban R">R Breban</name></author><author><name sortKey="Riou, J" uniqKey="Riou J">J Riou</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fontanet, A" uniqKey="Fontanet A">A Fontanet</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="letter"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Lancet Infect Dis</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Lancet Infect Dis</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>The Lancet. Infectious Diseases</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1473-3099</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1474-4457</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Elsevier Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">23891403</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">7128230</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">S1473-3099(13)70159-2</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70159-2</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Is MERS another SARS?</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" id="au10"><name><surname>Drosten</surname><given-names>Christian</given-names></name><email>drosten@virology-bonn.de</email><xref rid="aff1" ref-type="aff">a</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><label>a</label>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany</aff><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>26</day><month>7</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on .</pmc-comment>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>9</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>7</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>727</fpage><lpage>728</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2013</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Elsevier Ltd</copyright-holder><license><license-p>Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.</license-p></license></permissions><related-article related-article-type="article-reference" id="d32e239" ext-link-type="doi" xlink:href="10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70204-4"></related-article></article-meta></front><body><p id="para10">In September, 2012, two fatal cases of a novel coronavirus (CoV) infection were reported: a Saudi patient who was diagnosed in Saudi Arabia, and a Qatari patient who was diagnosed in the UK.<xref rid="bib1" ref-type="bibr">1</xref>, <xref rid="bib2" ref-type="bibr">2</xref> Symptoms of this transmissible respiratory disease—known as Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)—are severe. In <italic>The Lancet Infectious Diseases</italic>, Abdullah Assiri and colleagues<xref rid="bib3" ref-type="bibr"><sup>3</sup></xref> provide a clinical synopsis of 47 cases of MERS-CoV infection identified between September, 2012, and June, 2013, in Saudi Arabia. This work enables us to compare MERS with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), at least from a clinical perspective.</p><p id="para20">Almost all individuals with MERS-CoV infection had fever as the main symptom on admission. However, occurrence of fever is not surprising in (mostly) self-reporting patients; in studies of the clinical features of SARS, with a few exceptions, equivalent selection biases were noted.<xref rid="bib4" ref-type="bibr">4</xref>, <xref rid="bib5" ref-type="bibr">5</xref> Furthermore, similar to SARS, only a few people with MERS had upper-respiratory-tract symptoms such as sore throat and rhinorrhoea, providing a means to discriminate MERS from the common cold in adults.</p><p id="para30">A striking difference to SARS is the high rate of underlying comorbidity in patients with MERS. A virus not yet fully adapted to human infection might be more likely to cause illness in people weakened by pre-existing disease. However, caution is necessary when interpreting comorbidity data, because we should compare rates in affected patients with those in the exposed population. In a study of more than 6000 adults attending an outpatient department in Riyadh, 30% had diabetes overall, including 63% of those older than 50 years.<xref rid="bib6" ref-type="bibr"><sup>6</sup></xref> In Assiri and colleagues' report, 32 (68%) of 47 patients (most of whom were older than 50 years) had diabetes, a prevalence that does not seem high in view of the background rate. Furthermore, about half the patients included were from an outbreak centred around a haemodialysis unit.<xref rid="bib7" ref-type="bibr"><sup>7</sup></xref> The rates of chronic kidney disease (49%) and hypertension (34%) noted would, therefore, be expected in this overall context. Since community-based studies are unavailable for comparison, we have no reason to regard MERS as a disease restricted to people with underlying disorders.</p><p id="para40">An unfortunate finding from Assiri and colleagues' study is the rapid progression to respiratory failure and intubation in individuals with MERS, occurring about 1 week after onset of symptoms, up to 5 days earlier than in SARS.<xref rid="bib5" ref-type="bibr"><sup>5</sup></xref> This finding accords with the high rate of haemoptysis seen in patients with MERS, suggesting severe lung injury. Data of a preliminary infection study in lung explants indeed indicate that MERS-CoV reaches higher replication levels and shows broader cell tropism in the lower human respiratory tract than does SARS-CoV.<xref rid="bib8" ref-type="bibr"><sup>8</sup></xref> Even capillary endothelial cells of the lung became infected. Post-mortem analyses and further experimental studies are needed to understand why MERS-CoV can induce lung failure so rapidly and with such severity.</p><p id="para50">Use of recommended real-time RT-PCR assays<xref rid="bib9" ref-type="bibr">9</xref>, <xref rid="bib10" ref-type="bibr">10</xref> in Assiri and colleagues' study means we can compare virological features of MERS-CoV infection between cohorts. This situation is much different from the SARS experience, during which the diversity of home-brewed RT-PCR formulations made cross-study comparisons very difficult. A key question is whether we can use upper-respiratory-tract samples for RT-PCR-based diagnostics? On the basis of our experience,<xref rid="bib9" ref-type="bibr">9</xref>, <xref rid="bib10" ref-type="bibr">10</xref> we would judge eight of the 37 upper-respiratory-tract samples obtained in Assiri and colleagues' study difficult to interpret, namely those with a cycle threshold (Ct) value greater than 37 (Ct is a technical surrogate for viral load; higher numbers indicate lower viral loads). This rate is better than that noted in patients with SARS: only a third of laboratory-confirmed cases yielded virus in upper-respiratory-tract samples.<xref rid="bib5" ref-type="bibr"><sup>5</sup></xref> The values reported by Assiri and colleagues also show that viral loads in the upper respiratory tract are higher than in patients with MERS who were treated overseas and, thus, who were investigated later in the disease course.<xref rid="bib2" ref-type="bibr">2</xref>, <xref rid="bib11" ref-type="bibr">11</xref>, <xref rid="bib12" ref-type="bibr">12</xref> Of note, in seven of 37 upper-respiratory-tract swabs (Ct <24), we estimate that viral loads could exceed five million viral genome copies per sample, implying efficient viral shedding from the upper respiratory tract in only some patients, as assumed in mathematical projections of MERS epidemics.<xref rid="bib13" ref-type="bibr"><sup>13</sup></xref></p><p id="para60">To ascertain relevant data for MERS epidemiology, we need to develop serological assays using samples from well defined groups of patients, such as described here. Population-based antibody testing could establish the extent of MERS-CoV infection, instead of only seeing the tip of the iceberg represented by cases admitted, such as those summarised in this important paper.</p></body><back><ref-list id="bibl10"><title>References</title><ref id="bib1"><label>1</label><element-citation publication-type="journal" id="sbref10"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Zaki</surname><given-names>AM</given-names></name><name><surname>van Boheemen</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name><name><surname>Bestebroer</surname><given-names>TM</given-names></name><name><surname>Osterhaus</surname><given-names>AD</given-names></name><name><surname>Fouchier</surname><given-names>RA</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia</article-title><source>N Engl J Med</source><volume>367</volume><year>2012</year><fpage>1814</fpage><lpage>1820</lpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">23075143</pub-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="bib2"><label>2</label><element-citation publication-type="journal" id="sbref20"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Bermingham</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name><name><surname>Chand</surname><given-names>MA</given-names></name><name><surname>Brown</surname><given-names>CS</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>Severe respiratory illness caused by a novel coronavirus, in a patient transferred to the United Kingdom from the Middle East, September 2012</article-title><source>Euro Surveill</source><volume>17</volume><year>2012</year><fpage>20290</fpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">23078800</pub-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="bib3"><label>3</label><element-citation publication-type="journal" id="sbref30"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Assiri</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name><name><surname>Al-Tawfiq</surname><given-names>JA</given-names></name><name><surname>Al-Rabeeah</surname><given-names>AA</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>Epidemiological, demographic, and clinical characteristics of 47 cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease from Saudi Arabia: a descriptive study</article-title><source>Lancet Infect Dis</source><year>2013</year><comment>published online July 26.</comment><pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70204-4</pub-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="bib4"><label>4</label><element-citation publication-type="journal" id="sbref40"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Peiris</surname><given-names>JS</given-names></name><name><surname>Yuen</surname><given-names>KY</given-names></name><name><surname>Osterhaus</surname><given-names>AD</given-names></name><name><surname>Stohr</surname><given-names>K</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>The severe acute respiratory syndrome</article-title><source>N Engl J Med</source><volume>349</volume><year>2003</year><fpage>2431</fpage><lpage>2441</lpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">14681510</pub-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="bib5"><label>5</label><element-citation publication-type="journal" id="sbref50"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Peiris</surname><given-names>JSM</given-names></name><name><surname>Chu</surname><given-names>CM</given-names></name><name><surname>Cheng</surname><given-names>VCC</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study</article-title><source>Lancet</source><volume>361</volume><year>2003</year><fpage>1767</fpage><lpage>1772</lpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">12781535</pub-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="bib6"><label>6</label><element-citation publication-type="journal" id="sbref60"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Alqurashi</surname><given-names>KA</given-names></name><name><surname>Aljabri</surname><given-names>KS</given-names></name><name><surname>Bokhari</surname><given-names>SA</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in a Saudi community</article-title><source>Ann Saudi Med</source><volume>31</volume><year>2011</year><fpage>19</fpage><lpage>23</lpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">21245594</pub-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="bib7"><label>7</label><element-citation publication-type="journal" id="sbref70"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Assiri</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name><name><surname>McGeer</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name><name><surname>Perl</surname><given-names>TM</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>Hospital outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus</article-title><source>N Engl J Med</source><year>2013</year><comment>published online June 19.</comment></element-citation></ref><ref id="bib8"><label>8</label><element-citation publication-type="journal" id="sbref80"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Chan</surname><given-names>RW</given-names></name><name><surname>Chan</surname><given-names>MC</given-names></name><name><surname>Agnihothram</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>Tropism of and innate immune responses to the novel human betacoronavirus lineage C virus in human ex vivo respiratory organ cultures</article-title><source>J Virol</source><volume>87</volume><year>2013</year><fpage>6604</fpage><lpage>6614</lpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">23552422</pub-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="bib9"><label>9</label><element-citation publication-type="journal" id="sbref90"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Corman</surname><given-names>VM</given-names></name><name><surname>Eckerle</surname><given-names>I</given-names></name><name><surname>Bleicker</surname><given-names>T</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>Detection of a novel human coronavirus by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction</article-title><source>Euro Surveill</source><volume>17</volume><year>2012</year><fpage>20285</fpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">23041020</pub-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="bib10"><label>10</label><element-citation publication-type="journal" id="sbref100"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Corman</surname><given-names>VM</given-names></name><name><surname>Müller</surname><given-names>MA</given-names></name><name><surname>Costabel</surname><given-names>U</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>Assays for laboratory confirmation of novel human coronavirus (hCoV-EMC) infections</article-title><source>Euro Surveill</source><volume>17</volume><year>2012</year><fpage>20334</fpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">23231891</pub-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="bib11"><label>11</label><element-citation publication-type="journal" id="sbref110"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Drosten</surname><given-names>C</given-names></name><name><surname>Seilmaier</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name><name><surname>Corman</surname><given-names>VM</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>Clinical features and virological analysis of a case of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection</article-title><source>Lancet Infect Dis</source><year>2013</year><comment>published online June 17.</comment><pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70154-3</pub-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="bib12"><label>12</label><element-citation publication-type="journal" id="sbref120"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Guery</surname><given-names>B</given-names></name><name><surname>Poissy</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name><name><surname>el Mansouf</surname><given-names>L</given-names></name><collab>and the MERS-CoV study group</collab></person-group><article-title>Clinical features and viral diagnosis of two cases of infection with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: a report of nosocomial transmission</article-title><source>Lancet</source><volume>381</volume><year>2013</year><fpage>2265</fpage><lpage>2272</lpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">23727167</pub-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="bib13"><label>13</label><element-citation publication-type="journal" id="sbref130"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Breban</surname><given-names>R</given-names></name><name><surname>Riou</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name><name><surname>Fontanet</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>Interhuman transmissibility of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: estimation of pandemic risk</article-title><source>Lancet</source><year>2013</year><comment>published online July 5.</comment><pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61492-0</pub-id></element-citation></ref></ref-list><ack><p>I declare that I have no conflicts of interest.</p></ack></back></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Sante/explor/MersV1/Data/Pmc/Corpus
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000876 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Corpus/biblio.hfd -nk 000876 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Sante
|area= MersV1
|flux= Pmc
|étape= Corpus
|type= RBID
|clé= PMC:7128230
|texte= Is MERS another SARS?
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Corpus/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:23891403" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Corpus/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a MersV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33. |  |