A numerical study of ventilation strategies for infection risk mitigation in general inpatient wards
Identifieur interne : 000344 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 000343; suivant : 000345A numerical study of ventilation strategies for infection risk mitigation in general inpatient wards
Auteurs : Manoj Kumar Satheesan ; Kwok Wai Mui ; Ling Tim WongSource :
- Building Simulation [ 1996-3599 ] ; 2020.
Abstract
Aerial dispersion of human exhaled microbial contaminants and subsequent contamination of surfaces is a potential route for infection transmission in hospitals. Most general hospital wards have ventilation systems that drive air and thus contaminants from the patient areas towards the corridors. This study investigates the transport mechanism and deposition patterns of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) within a typical six bedded general inpatient ward cubicle through numerical simulation. It demonstrates that both air change and exhaust airflow rates have significant effects on not only the airflow but also the particle distribution within a mechanically ventilated space. Moreover, the location of an infected patient within the ward cubicle is crucial in determining the extent of infection risk to other ward occupants. Hence, it is recommended to provide exhaust grilles in close proximity to a patient, preferably above each patient’s bed. To achieve infection prevention and control, high exhaust airflow rate is also suggested. Regardless of the ventilation design, all patients and any surfaces within a ward cubicle should be regularly and thoroughly cleaned and disinfected to remove microbial contamination. The outcome of this study can serve as a source of reference for hospital management to better ventilation design strategies for mitigating the risk of infection.
Url:
DOI: 10.1007/s12273-020-0623-4
PubMed: 32211123
PubMed Central: 7090571
Links to Exploration step
PMC:7090571Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">A numerical study of ventilation strategies for infection risk mitigation in general inpatient wards</title><author><name sortKey="Satheesan, Manoj Kumar" sort="Satheesan, Manoj Kumar" uniqKey="Satheesan M" first="Manoj Kumar" last="Satheesan">Manoj Kumar Satheesan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mui, Kwok Wai" sort="Mui, Kwok Wai" uniqKey="Mui K" first="Kwok Wai" last="Mui">Kwok Wai Mui</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wong, Ling Tim" sort="Wong, Ling Tim" uniqKey="Wong L" first="Ling Tim" last="Wong">Ling Tim Wong</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">32211123</idno><idno type="pmc">7090571</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7090571</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:7090571</idno><idno type="doi">10.1007/s12273-020-0623-4</idno><date when="2020">2020</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000344</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000344</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">A numerical study of ventilation strategies for infection risk mitigation in general inpatient wards</title><author><name sortKey="Satheesan, Manoj Kumar" sort="Satheesan, Manoj Kumar" uniqKey="Satheesan M" first="Manoj Kumar" last="Satheesan">Manoj Kumar Satheesan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mui, Kwok Wai" sort="Mui, Kwok Wai" uniqKey="Mui K" first="Kwok Wai" last="Mui">Kwok Wai Mui</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wong, Ling Tim" sort="Wong, Ling Tim" uniqKey="Wong L" first="Ling Tim" last="Wong">Ling Tim Wong</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Building Simulation</title><idno type="ISSN">1996-3599</idno><idno type="eISSN">1996-8744</idno><imprint><date when="2020">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Aerial dispersion of human exhaled microbial contaminants and subsequent contamination of surfaces is a potential route for infection transmission in hospitals. Most general hospital wards have ventilation systems that drive air and thus contaminants from the patient areas towards the corridors. This study investigates the transport mechanism and deposition patterns of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) within a typical six bedded general inpatient ward cubicle through numerical simulation. It demonstrates that both air change and exhaust airflow rates have significant effects on not only the airflow but also the particle distribution within a mechanically ventilated space. Moreover, the location of an infected patient within the ward cubicle is crucial in determining the extent of infection risk to other ward occupants. Hence, it is recommended to provide exhaust grilles in close proximity to a patient, preferably above each patient’s bed. To achieve infection prevention and control, high exhaust airflow rate is also suggested. Regardless of the ventilation design, all patients and any surfaces within a ward cubicle should be regularly and thoroughly cleaned and disinfected to remove microbial contamination. 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Build Simul</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Build Simul</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Building Simulation</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1996-3599</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1996-8744</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tsinghua University Press</publisher-name><publisher-loc>Beijing</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">32211123</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">7090571</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">623</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1007/s12273-020-0623-4</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>A numerical study of ventilation strategies for infection risk mitigation in general inpatient wards</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Satheesan</surname><given-names>Manoj Kumar</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mui</surname><given-names>Kwok Wai</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Wong</surname><given-names>Ling Tim</given-names></name><address><email>beltw@polyu.edu.hk</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref></contrib><aff id="Aff1"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.16890.36</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 1764 6123</institution-id><institution>Department of Building Services Engineering,</institution><institution>The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,</institution></institution-wrap>Hong Kong, China</aff></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>2</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><fpage>1</fpage><lpage>10</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>26</day><month>11</month><year>2019</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>16</day><month>1</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>15</day><month>2</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020</copyright-statement><license><license-p>This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract id="Abs1"><p>Aerial dispersion of human exhaled microbial contaminants and subsequent contamination of surfaces is a potential route for infection transmission in hospitals. Most general hospital wards have ventilation systems that drive air and thus contaminants from the patient areas towards the corridors. This study investigates the transport mechanism and deposition patterns of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) within a typical six bedded general inpatient ward cubicle through numerical simulation. It demonstrates that both air change and exhaust airflow rates have significant effects on not only the airflow but also the particle distribution within a mechanically ventilated space. Moreover, the location of an infected patient within the ward cubicle is crucial in determining the extent of infection risk to other ward occupants. Hence, it is recommended to provide exhaust grilles in close proximity to a patient, preferably above each patient’s bed. To achieve infection prevention and control, high exhaust airflow rate is also suggested. Regardless of the ventilation design, all patients and any surfaces within a ward cubicle should be regularly and thoroughly cleaned and disinfected to remove microbial contamination. The outcome of this study can serve as a source of reference for hospital management to better ventilation design strategies for mitigating the risk of infection.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><title>Keywords</title><kwd>ventilation</kwd><kwd>bioaerosol dispersion</kwd><kwd>indoor air quality (IAQ)</kwd><kwd>infection risk</kwd><kwd>hospital general ward</kwd><kwd>computational fluid dynamics (CFD)</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ack><title>Acknowledgements</title><p>This work was partially supported by the Research Grants Council of HKSAR and The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (Project No. 15208817E).</p></ack><ref-list id="Bib1"><title>References</title><ref id="CR1"><element-citation publication-type="book"><person-group person-group-type="author"><collab>ANSYS</collab></person-group><source>Ansys Fluent 13.0 Documentation</source><year>2010</year><publisher-loc>Lebanon, NH, USA</publisher-loc><publisher-name>Ansys Inc.</publisher-name></element-citation></ref><ref id="CR2"><element-citation publication-type="book"><person-group person-group-type="author"><collab>ASHRAE</collab></person-group><source>ASHRAE Standard. 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