Clinical and Epidemiologic Characteristics of Spreaders of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus during the 2015 Outbreak in Korea
Identifieur interne : 000909 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000908; suivant : 000910Clinical and Epidemiologic Characteristics of Spreaders of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus during the 2015 Outbreak in Korea
Auteurs : Chang Kyung Kang [Corée du Sud] ; Kyoung-Ho Song [Corée du Sud] ; Pyoeng Gyun Choe [Corée du Sud] ; Wan Beom Park [Corée du Sud] ; Ji Hwan Bang [Corée du Sud] ; Eu Suk Kim [Corée du Sud] ; Sang Won Park [Corée du Sud] ; Hong Bin Kim [Corée du Sud] ; Nam Joong Kim [Corée du Sud] ; Sung-Il Cho [Corée du Sud] ; Jong-Koo Lee [Corée du Sud] ; Myoung-Don Oh [Corée du Sud]Source :
- Journal of Korean Medical Science [ 1011-8934 ] ; 2017.
Abstract
Nosocomial transmission is an important characteristic of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection. Risk factors for transmission of MERS-CoV in healthcare settings are not well defined. During the Korean outbreak in 2015, 186 patients had laboratory-confirmed MERS-CoV infection. Those suspected as a source of viral transmission were categorized into the spreader groups (super-spreader [n = 5] and usual-spreader [n = 10]) and compared to the non-spreader group (n = 171). Body temperature of ≥ 38.5°C (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 5.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.38–22.30;
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DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2017.32.5.744
PubMed: 28378546
PubMed Central: 5383605
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Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Choe, Pyoeng Gyun" sort="Choe, Pyoeng Gyun" uniqKey="Choe P" first="Pyoeng Gyun" last="Choe">Pyoeng Gyun Choe</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,<country>Korea</country>.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Park, Wan Beom" sort="Park, Wan Beom" uniqKey="Park W" first="Wan Beom" last="Park">Wan Beom Park</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,<country>Korea</country>.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bang, Ji 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College of Medicine, Seoul,<country>Korea</country>.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Choe, Pyoeng Gyun" sort="Choe, Pyoeng Gyun" uniqKey="Choe P" first="Pyoeng Gyun" last="Choe">Pyoeng Gyun Choe</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,<country>Korea</country>.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Park, Wan Beom" sort="Park, Wan Beom" uniqKey="Park W" first="Wan Beom" last="Park">Wan Beom Park</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,<country>Korea</country>.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bang, Ji Hwan" sort="Bang, Ji Hwan" uniqKey="Bang J" first="Ji Hwan" last="Bang">Ji Hwan Bang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,<country>Korea</country>.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Eu Suk" sort="Kim, Eu Suk" uniqKey="Kim E" first="Eu Suk" last="Kim">Eu Suk Kim</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,<country>Korea</country>.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Park, Sang Won" sort="Park, Sang Won" uniqKey="Park S" first="Sang Won" last="Park">Sang Won Park</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,<country>Korea</country>.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Hong Bin" sort="Kim, Hong Bin" uniqKey="Kim H" first="Hong Bin" last="Kim">Hong Bin Kim</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,<country>Korea</country>.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Nam Joong" sort="Kim, Nam Joong" uniqKey="Kim N" first="Nam Joong" last="Kim">Nam Joong Kim</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,<country>Korea</country>.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cho, Sung Il" sort="Cho, Sung Il" uniqKey="Cho S" first="Sung-Il" last="Cho">Sung-Il Cho</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A2">JW Lee Center for Global Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,<country>Korea</country>.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A3">Graduate School of Public Health and Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul,<country>Korea</country>.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Jong Koo" sort="Lee, Jong Koo" uniqKey="Lee J" first="Jong-Koo" last="Lee">Jong-Koo Lee</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A2">JW Lee Center for Global Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,<country>Korea</country>.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A3">Graduate School of Public Health and Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul,<country>Korea</country>.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oh, Myoung Don" sort="Oh, Myoung Don" uniqKey="Oh M" first="Myoung-Don" last="Oh">Myoung-Don Oh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,<country>Korea</country>.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A2">JW Lee Center for Global Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,<country>Korea</country>.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of Korean Medical Science</title><idno type="ISSN">1011-8934</idno><idno type="eISSN">1598-6357</idno><imprint><date when="2017">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Nosocomial transmission is an important characteristic of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection. Risk factors for transmission of MERS-CoV in healthcare settings are not well defined. During the Korean outbreak in 2015, 186 patients had laboratory-confirmed MERS-CoV infection. Those suspected as a source of viral transmission were categorized into the spreader groups (super-spreader [n = 5] and usual-spreader [n = 10]) and compared to the non-spreader group (n = 171). Body temperature of ≥ 38.5°C (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 5.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.38–22.30; <italic>P</italic> = 0.016), pulmonary infiltration of ≥ 3 lung zones (aOR, 7.33; 95% CI, 1.93–27.79; <italic>P</italic> = 0.003), and a more nonisolated in-hospital days (aOR, 1.32 per 1 day; 95% CI, 1.09–1.60; <italic>P</italic> = 0.004) were significant risk factors in the spreader group. There was no different clinical factor between super-spreaders and usual-spreaders. Nonisolated in-hospital days was the only factor which tended to be higher in super-spreaders than usual-spreaders (Mean, 6.6 vs. 2.9 days; <italic>P</italic> = 0.061). Early active quarantine might help reducing the size of an outbreak.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zaki, Am" uniqKey="Zaki A">AM Zaki</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van Boheemen, S" uniqKey="Van Boheemen S">S van Boheemen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bestebroer, Tm" uniqKey="Bestebroer T">TM Bestebroer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Osterhaus, Ad" uniqKey="Osterhaus A">AD Osterhaus</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fouchier, Ra" uniqKey="Fouchier R">RA Fouchier</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Oh, Md" uniqKey="Oh M">MD Oh</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chowell, G" uniqKey="Chowell G">G Chowell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Abdirizak, F" uniqKey="Abdirizak F">F Abdirizak</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, S" uniqKey="Lee S">S Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, J" uniqKey="Lee J">J Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jung, E" uniqKey="Jung E">E Jung</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nishiura, H" uniqKey="Nishiura H">H Nishiura</name></author><author><name sortKey="Viboud, C" uniqKey="Viboud C">C Viboud</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Oboho, Ik" uniqKey="Oboho I">IK Oboho</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tomczyk, Sm" uniqKey="Tomczyk S">SM Tomczyk</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Asmari, Am" uniqKey="Al Asmari A">AM Al-Asmari</name></author><author><name sortKey="Banjar, Aa" uniqKey="Banjar A">AA Banjar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Mugti, H" uniqKey="Al Mugti H">H Al-Mugti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aloraini, Ms" uniqKey="Aloraini M">MS Aloraini</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alkhaldi, Kz" uniqKey="Alkhaldi K">KZ Alkhaldi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Almohammadi, El" uniqKey="Almohammadi E">EL Almohammadi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alraddadi, Bm" uniqKey="Alraddadi B">BM Alraddadi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gerber, Si" uniqKey="Gerber S">SI Gerber</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cho, Sy" uniqKey="Cho S">SY Cho</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kang, Jm" uniqKey="Kang J">JM Kang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ha, Ye" uniqKey="Ha Y">YE Ha</name></author><author><name sortKey="Park, Ge" uniqKey="Park G">GE Park</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Jy" uniqKey="Lee J">JY Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ko, Jh" uniqKey="Ko J">JH Ko</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Jy" uniqKey="Lee J">JY Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Jm" uniqKey="Kim J">JM Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kang, Ci" uniqKey="Kang C">CI Kang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jo, Ij" uniqKey="Jo I">IJ Jo</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Stein, Ra" uniqKey="Stein R">RA Stein</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Choi, Ws" uniqKey="Choi W">WS Choi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kang, Ci" uniqKey="Kang C">CI Kang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Y" uniqKey="Kim Y">Y Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Choi, Jp" uniqKey="Choi J">JP Choi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Joh, Js" uniqKey="Joh J">JS Joh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shin, Hs" uniqKey="Shin H">HS Shin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, G" uniqKey="Kim G">G Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Peck, Kr" uniqKey="Peck K">KR Peck</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chung, Dr" uniqKey="Chung D">DR Chung</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Ho" uniqKey="Kim H">HO Kim</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Min, Ck" uniqKey="Min C">CK Min</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cheon, S" uniqKey="Cheon S">S Cheon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ha, Ny" uniqKey="Ha N">NY Ha</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sohn, Km" uniqKey="Sohn K">KM Sohn</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Y" uniqKey="Kim Y">Y Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aigerim, A" uniqKey="Aigerim A">A Aigerim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shin, Hm" uniqKey="Shin H">HM Shin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Choi, Jy" uniqKey="Choi J">JY Choi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Inn, Ks" uniqKey="Inn K">KS Inn</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Jh" uniqKey="Kim J">JH Kim</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Korean Med Sci</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">J. Korean Med. Sci</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">JKMS</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Journal of Korean Medical Science</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1011-8934</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1598-6357</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">28378546</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">5383605</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3346/jkms.2017.32.5.744</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Original Article</subject><subj-group subj-group-type="subheading"><subject>Infectious Diseases, Microbiology & Parasitology</subject></subj-group></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Clinical and Epidemiologic Characteristics of Spreaders of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus during the 2015 Outbreak in Korea</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="true">http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1952-072X</contrib-id><name><surname>Kang</surname><given-names>Chang Kyung</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="true">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4517-3840</contrib-id><name><surname>Song</surname><given-names>Kyoung-Ho</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="true">http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6794-7918</contrib-id><name><surname>Choe</surname><given-names>Pyoeng Gyun</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="true">http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0022-9625</contrib-id><name><surname>Park</surname><given-names>Wan Beom</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="true">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7628-1182</contrib-id><name><surname>Bang</surname><given-names>Ji Hwan</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="true">http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7132-0157</contrib-id><name><surname>Kim</surname><given-names>Eu Suk</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="true">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0550-1897</contrib-id><name><surname>Park</surname><given-names>Sang Won</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="true">http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6262-372X</contrib-id><name><surname>Kim</surname><given-names>Hong Bin</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="true">http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6793-9467</contrib-id><name><surname>Kim</surname><given-names>Nam Joong</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="true">http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4085-1494</contrib-id><name><surname>Cho</surname><given-names>Sung-il</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="true">http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4833-1178</contrib-id><name><surname>Lee</surname><given-names>Jong-koo</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="true">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2344-7695</contrib-id><name><surname>Oh</surname><given-names>Myoung-don</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="A1"><label>1</label>Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,<country>Korea</country>.</aff><aff id="A2"><label>2</label>JW Lee Center for Global Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,<country>Korea</country>.</aff><aff id="A3"><label>3</label>Graduate School of Public Health and Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul,<country>Korea</country>.</aff><author-notes><corresp>Address for Correspondence: Myoung-don Oh, MD, PhD. Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea. <email>mdohmd@snu.ac.kr</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>5</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>3</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>744</fpage><lpage>749</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>27</day><month>12</month><year>2016</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>30</day><month>1</month><year>2017</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2017 The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/"><license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/</ext-link>) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>Nosocomial transmission is an important characteristic of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection. Risk factors for transmission of MERS-CoV in healthcare settings are not well defined. During the Korean outbreak in 2015, 186 patients had laboratory-confirmed MERS-CoV infection. Those suspected as a source of viral transmission were categorized into the spreader groups (super-spreader [n = 5] and usual-spreader [n = 10]) and compared to the non-spreader group (n = 171). Body temperature of ≥ 38.5°C (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 5.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.38–22.30; <italic>P</italic> = 0.016), pulmonary infiltration of ≥ 3 lung zones (aOR, 7.33; 95% CI, 1.93–27.79; <italic>P</italic> = 0.003), and a more nonisolated in-hospital days (aOR, 1.32 per 1 day; 95% CI, 1.09–1.60; <italic>P</italic> = 0.004) were significant risk factors in the spreader group. There was no different clinical factor between super-spreaders and usual-spreaders. Nonisolated in-hospital days was the only factor which tended to be higher in super-spreaders than usual-spreaders (Mean, 6.6 vs. 2.9 days; <italic>P</italic> = 0.061). Early active quarantine might help reducing the size of an outbreak.</p></abstract><abstract abstract-type="graphical"><title>Graphical Abstract</title><p><graphic xlink:href="jkms-32-744-abf001.jpg" position="float" orientation="portrait"></graphic></p></abstract><kwd-group kwd-group-type="author"><kwd>MERS-CoV</kwd><kwd>Outbreak</kwd><kwd>Hospital Infection</kwd><kwd>Infection Transmission</kwd><kwd>Korea</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source country="KR"><institution-wrap><institution>Korea Health Industry Development Institute</institution><institution-id institution-id-type="CrossRef">http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003710</institution-id></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>HI15C3227</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Corée du Sud</li></country></list><tree><country name="Corée du Sud"><noRegion><name sortKey="Kang, Chang Kyung" sort="Kang, Chang Kyung" uniqKey="Kang C" first="Chang Kyung" last="Kang">Chang Kyung Kang</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Bang, Ji Hwan" sort="Bang, Ji Hwan" uniqKey="Bang J" first="Ji Hwan" last="Bang">Ji Hwan Bang</name><name sortKey="Cho, Sung Il" sort="Cho, Sung Il" uniqKey="Cho S" first="Sung-Il" last="Cho">Sung-Il Cho</name><name sortKey="Cho, Sung Il" sort="Cho, Sung Il" uniqKey="Cho S" first="Sung-Il" last="Cho">Sung-Il Cho</name><name sortKey="Choe, Pyoeng Gyun" sort="Choe, Pyoeng Gyun" uniqKey="Choe P" first="Pyoeng Gyun" last="Choe">Pyoeng Gyun Choe</name><name sortKey="Kim, Eu Suk" sort="Kim, Eu Suk" uniqKey="Kim E" first="Eu Suk" last="Kim">Eu Suk Kim</name><name sortKey="Kim, Hong Bin" sort="Kim, Hong Bin" uniqKey="Kim H" first="Hong Bin" last="Kim">Hong Bin Kim</name><name sortKey="Kim, Nam Joong" sort="Kim, Nam Joong" uniqKey="Kim N" first="Nam Joong" last="Kim">Nam Joong Kim</name><name sortKey="Lee, Jong Koo" sort="Lee, Jong Koo" uniqKey="Lee J" first="Jong-Koo" last="Lee">Jong-Koo Lee</name><name sortKey="Lee, Jong Koo" sort="Lee, Jong Koo" uniqKey="Lee J" first="Jong-Koo" last="Lee">Jong-Koo Lee</name><name sortKey="Oh, Myoung Don" sort="Oh, Myoung Don" uniqKey="Oh M" first="Myoung-Don" last="Oh">Myoung-Don Oh</name><name sortKey="Oh, Myoung Don" sort="Oh, Myoung Don" uniqKey="Oh M" first="Myoung-Don" last="Oh">Myoung-Don Oh</name><name sortKey="Park, Sang Won" sort="Park, Sang Won" uniqKey="Park S" first="Sang Won" last="Park">Sang Won Park</name><name sortKey="Park, Wan Beom" sort="Park, Wan Beom" uniqKey="Park W" first="Wan Beom" last="Park">Wan Beom Park</name><name sortKey="Song, Kyoung Ho" sort="Song, Kyoung Ho" uniqKey="Song K" first="Kyoung-Ho" last="Song">Kyoung-Ho Song</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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