Diversity of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronaviruses in 109 dromedary camels based on full-genome sequencing, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
Identifieur interne : 000883 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000882; suivant : 000884Diversity of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronaviruses in 109 dromedary camels based on full-genome sequencing, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
Auteurs : Mohammed Farouk Yusof ; Krista Queen [États-Unis] ; Yassir Mohammed Eltahir ; Clinton R. Paden [États-Unis] ; Zulaikha Mohamed Abdel Hameed Al Hammadi ; Ying Tao [États-Unis] ; Yan Li [États-Unis] ; Abdelmalik Ibrahim Khalafalla ; Mang Shi [Australie] ; Jing Zhang [États-Unis] ; Muzammil Sayed Ahmed Elhaj Mohamed ; Mahmud Hamed Abd Elaal Ahmed ; Ihsaan Abdulwahab Azeez ; Oum Keltoum Bensalah ; Ziyada Swar Eldahab ; Farida Ismail Al Hosani ; Susan I. Gerber [États-Unis] ; Aron J. Hall [États-Unis] ; Suxiang Tong [États-Unis] ; Salama Suhail Al MuhairiSource :
- Emerging Microbes & Infections [ 2222-1751 ] ; 2017.
Abstract
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was identified on the Arabian Peninsula in 2012 and is still causing cases and outbreaks in the Middle East. When MERS-CoV was first identified, the closest related virus was in bats; however, it has since been recognized that dromedary camels serve as a virus reservoir and potential source for human infections. A total of 376 camels were screened for MERS-Cov at a live animal market in the Eastern Region of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, UAE. In all, 109 MERS-CoV-positive camels were detected in week 1, and a subset of positive camels were sampled again weeks 3 through 6. A total of 126 full and 3 nearly full genomes were obtained from 139 samples. Spike gene sequences were obtained from 5 of the 10 remaining samples. The camel MERS-CoV genomes from this study represent 3 known and 2 potentially new lineages within clade B. Within lineages, diversity of camel and human MERS-CoV sequences are intermixed. We identified sequences from market camels nearly identical to the previously reported 2015 German case who visited the market during his incubation period. We described 10 recombination events in the camel samples. The most frequent recombination breakpoint was the junctions between ORF1b and S. Evidence suggests MERS-CoV infection in humans results from continued introductions of distinct MERS-CoV lineages from camels. This hypothesis is supported by the camel MERS-CoV genomes sequenced in this study. Our study expands the known repertoire of camel MERS-CoVs circulating on the Arabian Peninsula.
Url:
DOI: 10.1038/emi.2017.89
PubMed: 29116217
PubMed Central: 5717090
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Diversity of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronaviruses in 109 dromedary camels based on full-genome sequencing, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates</title><author><name sortKey="Yusof, Mohammed Farouk" sort="Yusof, Mohammed Farouk" uniqKey="Yusof M" first="Mohammed Farouk" last="Yusof">Mohammed Farouk Yusof</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority</institution>, Abu Dhabi,<country>UAE</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">UAE</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Queen, Krista" sort="Queen, Krista" uniqKey="Queen K" first="Krista" last="Queen">Krista Queen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</institution>, Atlanta, GA,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Oak Ridge Associated Universities Fellow</institution>, Oak Ridge, TN, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>, Oak Ridge, TN</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eltahir, Yassir Mohammed" sort="Eltahir, Yassir Mohammed" uniqKey="Eltahir Y" first="Yassir Mohammed" last="Eltahir">Yassir Mohammed Eltahir</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority</institution>, Abu Dhabi,<country>UAE</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">UAE</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Paden, Clinton R" sort="Paden, Clinton R" uniqKey="Paden C" first="Clinton R" last="Paden">Clinton R. Paden</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</institution>, Atlanta, GA,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Oak Ridge Associated Universities Fellow</institution>, Oak Ridge, TN, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>, Oak Ridge, TN</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Hammadi, Zulaikha Mohamed Abdel Hameed" sort="Al Hammadi, Zulaikha Mohamed Abdel Hameed" uniqKey="Al Hammadi Z" first="Zulaikha Mohamed Abdel Hameed" last="Al Hammadi">Zulaikha Mohamed Abdel Hameed Al Hammadi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority</institution>, Abu Dhabi,<country>UAE</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">UAE</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tao, Ying" sort="Tao, Ying" uniqKey="Tao Y" first="Ying" last="Tao">Ying Tao</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</institution>, Atlanta, GA,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Yan" sort="Li, Yan" uniqKey="Li Y" first="Yan" last="Li">Yan Li</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</institution>, Atlanta, GA,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Khalafalla, Abdelmalik Ibrahim" sort="Khalafalla, Abdelmalik Ibrahim" uniqKey="Khalafalla A" first="Abdelmalik Ibrahim" last="Khalafalla">Abdelmalik Ibrahim Khalafalla</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority</institution>, Abu Dhabi,<country>UAE</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">UAE</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shi, Mang" sort="Shi, Mang" uniqKey="Shi M" first="Mang" last="Shi">Mang Shi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><institution>University of Sydney</institution>, Sydney, NSW,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Jing" sort="Zhang, Jing" uniqKey="Zhang J" first="Jing" last="Zhang">Jing Zhang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</institution>, Atlanta, GA,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><institution>IHRC Inc.</institution>, Atlanta, GA,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mohamed, Muzammil Sayed Ahmed Elhaj" sort="Mohamed, Muzammil Sayed Ahmed Elhaj" uniqKey="Mohamed M" first="Muzammil Sayed Ahmed Elhaj" last="Mohamed">Muzammil Sayed Ahmed Elhaj Mohamed</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority</institution>, Abu Dhabi,<country>UAE</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">UAE</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Abd Elaal Ahmed, Mahmud Hamed" sort="Abd Elaal Ahmed, Mahmud Hamed" uniqKey="Abd Elaal Ahmed M" first="Mahmud Hamed" last="Abd Elaal Ahmed">Mahmud Hamed Abd Elaal Ahmed</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority</institution>, Abu Dhabi,<country>UAE</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">UAE</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Azeez, Ihsaan Abdulwahab" sort="Azeez, Ihsaan Abdulwahab" uniqKey="Azeez I" first="Ihsaan Abdulwahab" last="Azeez">Ihsaan Abdulwahab Azeez</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority</institution>, Abu Dhabi,<country>UAE</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">UAE</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bensalah, Oum Keltoum" sort="Bensalah, Oum Keltoum" uniqKey="Bensalah O" first="Oum Keltoum" last="Bensalah">Oum Keltoum Bensalah</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority</institution>, Abu Dhabi,<country>UAE</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">UAE</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eldahab, Ziyada Swar" sort="Eldahab, Ziyada Swar" uniqKey="Eldahab Z" first="Ziyada Swar" last="Eldahab">Ziyada Swar Eldahab</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff6"><institution>Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority</institution>, Al Ain,<country>UAE</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">UAE</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Hosani, Farida Ismail" sort="Al Hosani, Farida Ismail" uniqKey="Al Hosani F" first="Farida Ismail" last="Al Hosani">Farida Ismail Al Hosani</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff7"><institution>Health Authority of Abu Dhabi</institution>, Abu Dhabi,<country>UAE</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">UAE</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gerber, Susan I" sort="Gerber, Susan I" uniqKey="Gerber S" first="Susan I" last="Gerber">Susan I. Gerber</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</institution>, Atlanta, GA,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hall, Aron J" sort="Hall, Aron J" uniqKey="Hall A" first="Aron J" last="Hall">Aron J. Hall</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</institution>, Atlanta, GA,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tong, Suxiang" sort="Tong, Suxiang" uniqKey="Tong S" first="Suxiang" last="Tong">Suxiang Tong</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</institution>, Atlanta, GA,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Muhairi, Salama Suhail" sort="Al Muhairi, Salama Suhail" uniqKey="Al Muhairi S" first="Salama Suhail" last="Al Muhairi">Salama Suhail Al Muhairi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority</institution>, Abu Dhabi,<country>UAE</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">UAE</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">29116217</idno><idno type="pmc">5717090</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5717090</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:5717090</idno><idno type="doi">10.1038/emi.2017.89</idno><date when="2017">2017</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000139</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000139</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000139</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000139</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000883</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000883</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Diversity of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronaviruses in 109 dromedary camels based on full-genome sequencing, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates</title><author><name sortKey="Yusof, Mohammed Farouk" sort="Yusof, Mohammed Farouk" uniqKey="Yusof M" first="Mohammed Farouk" last="Yusof">Mohammed Farouk Yusof</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority</institution>, Abu Dhabi,<country>UAE</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">UAE</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Queen, Krista" sort="Queen, Krista" uniqKey="Queen K" first="Krista" last="Queen">Krista Queen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</institution>, Atlanta, GA,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Oak Ridge Associated Universities Fellow</institution>, Oak Ridge, TN, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>, Oak Ridge, TN</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eltahir, Yassir Mohammed" sort="Eltahir, Yassir Mohammed" uniqKey="Eltahir Y" first="Yassir Mohammed" last="Eltahir">Yassir Mohammed Eltahir</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority</institution>, Abu Dhabi,<country>UAE</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">UAE</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Paden, Clinton R" sort="Paden, Clinton R" uniqKey="Paden C" first="Clinton R" last="Paden">Clinton R. Paden</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</institution>, Atlanta, GA,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Oak Ridge Associated Universities Fellow</institution>, Oak Ridge, TN, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>, Oak Ridge, TN</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Hammadi, Zulaikha Mohamed Abdel Hameed" sort="Al Hammadi, Zulaikha Mohamed Abdel Hameed" uniqKey="Al Hammadi Z" first="Zulaikha Mohamed Abdel Hameed" last="Al Hammadi">Zulaikha Mohamed Abdel Hameed Al Hammadi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority</institution>, Abu Dhabi,<country>UAE</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">UAE</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tao, Ying" sort="Tao, Ying" uniqKey="Tao Y" first="Ying" last="Tao">Ying Tao</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</institution>, Atlanta, GA,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Yan" sort="Li, Yan" uniqKey="Li Y" first="Yan" last="Li">Yan Li</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</institution>, Atlanta, GA,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Khalafalla, Abdelmalik Ibrahim" sort="Khalafalla, Abdelmalik Ibrahim" uniqKey="Khalafalla A" first="Abdelmalik Ibrahim" last="Khalafalla">Abdelmalik Ibrahim Khalafalla</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority</institution>, Abu Dhabi,<country>UAE</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">UAE</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shi, Mang" sort="Shi, Mang" uniqKey="Shi M" first="Mang" last="Shi">Mang Shi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><institution>University of Sydney</institution>, Sydney, NSW,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Jing" sort="Zhang, Jing" uniqKey="Zhang J" first="Jing" last="Zhang">Jing Zhang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</institution>, Atlanta, GA,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><institution>IHRC Inc.</institution>, Atlanta, GA,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mohamed, Muzammil Sayed Ahmed Elhaj" sort="Mohamed, Muzammil Sayed Ahmed Elhaj" uniqKey="Mohamed M" first="Muzammil Sayed Ahmed Elhaj" last="Mohamed">Muzammil Sayed Ahmed Elhaj Mohamed</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority</institution>, Abu Dhabi,<country>UAE</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">UAE</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Abd Elaal Ahmed, Mahmud Hamed" sort="Abd Elaal Ahmed, Mahmud Hamed" uniqKey="Abd Elaal Ahmed M" first="Mahmud Hamed" last="Abd Elaal Ahmed">Mahmud Hamed Abd Elaal Ahmed</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority</institution>, Abu Dhabi,<country>UAE</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">UAE</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Azeez, Ihsaan Abdulwahab" sort="Azeez, Ihsaan Abdulwahab" uniqKey="Azeez I" first="Ihsaan Abdulwahab" last="Azeez">Ihsaan Abdulwahab Azeez</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority</institution>, Abu Dhabi,<country>UAE</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">UAE</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bensalah, Oum Keltoum" sort="Bensalah, Oum Keltoum" uniqKey="Bensalah O" first="Oum Keltoum" last="Bensalah">Oum Keltoum Bensalah</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority</institution>, Abu Dhabi,<country>UAE</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">UAE</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eldahab, Ziyada Swar" sort="Eldahab, Ziyada Swar" uniqKey="Eldahab Z" first="Ziyada Swar" last="Eldahab">Ziyada Swar Eldahab</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff6"><institution>Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority</institution>, Al Ain,<country>UAE</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">UAE</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Hosani, Farida Ismail" sort="Al Hosani, Farida Ismail" uniqKey="Al Hosani F" first="Farida Ismail" last="Al Hosani">Farida Ismail Al Hosani</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff7"><institution>Health Authority of Abu Dhabi</institution>, Abu Dhabi,<country>UAE</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">UAE</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gerber, Susan I" sort="Gerber, Susan I" uniqKey="Gerber S" first="Susan I" last="Gerber">Susan I. Gerber</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</institution>, Atlanta, GA,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hall, Aron J" sort="Hall, Aron J" uniqKey="Hall A" first="Aron J" last="Hall">Aron J. Hall</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</institution>, Atlanta, GA,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tong, Suxiang" sort="Tong, Suxiang" uniqKey="Tong S" first="Suxiang" last="Tong">Suxiang Tong</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</institution>, Atlanta, GA,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Muhairi, Salama Suhail" sort="Al Muhairi, Salama Suhail" uniqKey="Al Muhairi S" first="Salama Suhail" last="Al Muhairi">Salama Suhail Al Muhairi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority</institution>, Abu Dhabi,<country>UAE</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">UAE</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Emerging Microbes & Infections</title><idno type="eISSN">2222-1751</idno><imprint><date when="2017">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was identified on the Arabian Peninsula in 2012 and is still causing cases and outbreaks in the Middle East. When MERS-CoV was first identified, the closest related virus was in bats; however, it has since been recognized that dromedary camels serve as a virus reservoir and potential source for human infections. A total of 376 camels were screened for MERS-Cov at a live animal market in the Eastern Region of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, UAE. In all, 109 MERS-CoV-positive camels were detected in week 1, and a subset of positive camels were sampled again weeks 3 through 6. A total of 126 full and 3 nearly full genomes were obtained from 139 samples. Spike gene sequences were obtained from 5 of the 10 remaining samples. The camel MERS-CoV genomes from this study represent 3 known and 2 potentially new lineages within clade B. Within lineages, diversity of camel and human MERS-CoV sequences are intermixed. We identified sequences from market camels nearly identical to the previously reported 2015 German case who visited the market during his incubation period. We described 10 recombination events in the camel samples. The most frequent recombination breakpoint was the junctions between ORF1b and S. Evidence suggests MERS-CoV infection in humans results from continued introductions of distinct MERS-CoV lineages from camels. This hypothesis is supported by the camel MERS-CoV genomes sequenced in this study. Our study expands the known repertoire of camel MERS-CoVs circulating on the Arabian Peninsula.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Emerg Microbes Infect</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Emerg Microbes Infect</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Emerging Microbes & Infections</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2222-1751</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Nature Publishing Group</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">29116217</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">5717090</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pii">emi201789</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1038/emi.2017.89</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Original Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Diversity of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronaviruses in 109 dromedary camels based on full-genome sequencing, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="running">MERS-CoV genome sequencing in dromedaries</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yusof</surname><given-names>Mohammed Farouk</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="note1"><sup>✝</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Queen</surname><given-names>Krista</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="note1"><sup>✝</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Eltahir</surname><given-names>Yassir Mohammed</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="note1"><sup>✝</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Paden</surname><given-names>Clinton R</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="note1"><sup>✝</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Al Hammadi</surname><given-names>Zulaikha Mohamed Abdel Hameed</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tao</surname><given-names>Ying</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Li</surname><given-names>Yan</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Khalafalla</surname><given-names>Abdelmalik Ibrahim</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Shi</surname><given-names>Mang</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">4</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zhang</surname><given-names>Jing</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">5</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mohamed</surname><given-names>Muzammil Sayed Ahmed Elhaj</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Abd Elaal Ahmed</surname><given-names>Mahmud Hamed</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Azeez</surname><given-names>Ihsaan Abdulwahab</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bensalah</surname><given-names>Oum Keltoum</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Eldahab</surname><given-names>Ziyada Swar</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">6</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Al Hosani</surname><given-names>Farida Ismail</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">7</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gerber</surname><given-names>Susan I</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hall</surname><given-names>Aron J</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tong</surname><given-names>Suxiang</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="caf1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Al Muhairi</surname><given-names>Salama Suhail</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="caf2">*</xref></contrib><aff id="aff1"><label>1</label><institution>Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority</institution>, Abu Dhabi,<country>UAE</country></aff><aff id="aff2"><label>2</label><institution>Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</institution>, Atlanta, GA,<country>USA</country></aff><aff id="aff3"><label>3</label><institution>Oak Ridge Associated Universities Fellow</institution>, Oak Ridge, TN, USA</aff><aff id="aff4"><label>4</label><institution>University of Sydney</institution>, Sydney, NSW,<country>Australia</country></aff><aff id="aff5"><label>5</label><institution>IHRC Inc.</institution>, Atlanta, GA,<country>USA</country></aff><aff id="aff6"><label>6</label><institution>Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority</institution>, Al Ain,<country>UAE</country></aff><aff id="aff7"><label>7</label><institution>Health Authority of Abu Dhabi</institution>, Abu Dhabi,<country>UAE</country></aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="caf1"><label>*</label>E-mail: <email>sot1@cdc.govand</email></corresp><corresp id="caf2"><label>*</label>E-mail: <email>salama.almuhairi@adfca.ae</email></corresp><fn id="note1" fn-type="equal"><label>✝</label><p>These authors contributed equally to this work.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>11</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>11</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>1</day><month>11</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>11</issue><fpage>e101</fpage><lpage></lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>26</day><month>05</month><year>2017</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>08</day><month>09</month><year>2017</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>15</day><month>09</month><year>2017</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2017 The Author(s)</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder>The Author(s)</copyright-holder><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><pmc-comment>author-paid</pmc-comment>
<license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was identified on the Arabian Peninsula in 2012 and is still causing cases and outbreaks in the Middle East. When MERS-CoV was first identified, the closest related virus was in bats; however, it has since been recognized that dromedary camels serve as a virus reservoir and potential source for human infections. A total of 376 camels were screened for MERS-Cov at a live animal market in the Eastern Region of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, UAE. In all, 109 MERS-CoV-positive camels were detected in week 1, and a subset of positive camels were sampled again weeks 3 through 6. A total of 126 full and 3 nearly full genomes were obtained from 139 samples. Spike gene sequences were obtained from 5 of the 10 remaining samples. The camel MERS-CoV genomes from this study represent 3 known and 2 potentially new lineages within clade B. Within lineages, diversity of camel and human MERS-CoV sequences are intermixed. We identified sequences from market camels nearly identical to the previously reported 2015 German case who visited the market during his incubation period. We described 10 recombination events in the camel samples. The most frequent recombination breakpoint was the junctions between ORF1b and S. Evidence suggests MERS-CoV infection in humans results from continued introductions of distinct MERS-CoV lineages from camels. This hypothesis is supported by the camel MERS-CoV genomes sequenced in this study. Our study expands the known repertoire of camel MERS-CoVs circulating on the Arabian Peninsula.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>dromedary</kwd><kwd>MERS</kwd><kwd>Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus</kwd><kwd>United Arab Emirates</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><floats-group><fig id="fig1"><label>Figure 1</label><caption><p>Phylogeny of MERS-CoV full genomes or near-full genomes from humans and dromedary camels. (<bold>A</bold>) The number of samples sequenced in this study that fell into each lineage. Yellow, lineage 2; green, lineage 3; orange, lineage 5; blue, lineage 6; and purple, lineage 7. (<bold>B</bold>) Maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis of 126 complete and 3 nearly complete camel MERS-CoV genomes and 111 previously published human and camel MERS-CoV genomes. Red closed circles, camel samples sequenced in this study. Red open circles, camel samples previously sequenced from UAE by our lab. Green closed circles, human samples previously sequenced by our lab. Camel samples are denoted with a camel symbol. * indicate genomes that are nearly complete. Yellow shading indicates the German MERS-CoV case linked to the market in this study. Light blue shading indicates closely related sequences from camels that were housed in the same pen. Bootstrap values are shown next to the branches. The scale bar indicates the number of nucleotide substitutions per site. Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, MERS-CoV.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="emi201789f1"></graphic></fig><fig id="fig2"><label>Figure 2</label><caption><p>Analysis of camels sampled multiple weeks. (<bold>A</bold>) Schematic representation of camels housed together. Camel numbers are listed below each camel. Orange camels, camels with lineage 5 virus in week 3; blue camels, camels with lineage 7 virus in week 3; black camels, camels that we were unable to obtain a full-genome sequence from in week 3. (<bold>B</bold>–<bold>I</bold>) Nucleotide changes in camels sampled multiple times. x axis, week sampled and camel sampled; y axis, number of nucleotide changes compared to previous week sampled. Number of changes are relative to the previous genome sequenced for each camel. * represents camel sample pairs that changed lineages between the weeks compared. (<bold>B</bold>) Camel 414377 MF598702/MF598713 (week 3/4). (<bold>C</bold>) Camel 414492 MF598708/MF598712 (week 3/4). (<bold>D</bold>) Camel 414485 MF598699/MF598709 (week 3/4). (<bold>E</bold>) Camel 414500 MF598704/MF598714 (week 3/4). (<bold>F</bold>) Camel 415911 MF598706/MF598719 (week 3/4). (<bold>G</bold>) Camel 414486 MF598705/MF598716 (week 3/4). (<bold>H</bold>) Camel 415915 MF598707/MF598718/MF598722 (week 3/4/6). (<bold>I</bold>) Camel 416452 MF598715/MF598720/MF598721 (week 4/5/6).</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="emi201789f2"></graphic></fig><fig id="fig3"><label>Figure 3</label><caption><p>Characterization of recombination breakpoints and parental types. Each panel shows the similarity plot of a single recombination event. The different colored lines represent the similarity comparisons of the recombinant to its two potential parental strains from different lineages: orange, lineage 5; blue, lineage 7; and purple, lineage 2. The gray dotted line marks the potential location of recombination breakpoints.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="emi201789f3"></graphic></fig><fig id="fig4"><label>Figure 4</label><caption><p>Minor variant analysis. (<bold>A</bold>) Average number of mixed bases called in human and camel MERS-CoV genomes. Gray bars, 35% threshold cutoff; red bars, 15% threshold cutoff. (<bold>B</bold>) Total number of mixed bases called at varying threshold levels between humans (black) and camels (gray). Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, MERS-CoV.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="emi201789f4"></graphic></fig><table-wrap id="tbl1"><label>Table 1</label><caption><title>MERS-CoV-positive camel samples March–April 2015</title></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"></col><col align="char" char="."></col><col align="char" char="."></col></colgroup><thead valign="bottom"><tr><th align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </th><th align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><bold>Week 1</bold></th><th align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><bold>Weeks 3–6</bold></th></tr></thead><tbody valign="top"><tr><td colspan="3" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>Gender</italic></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> Male</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">73</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">14</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">33</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">2</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> Unknown</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">3</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">0</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>Origin</italic></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> UAE</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">53</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">6</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> Oman</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">53</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">10</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> Unknown</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">3</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">0</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>Age</italic></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> <1 year</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">81</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">16</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> >1 year</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">25</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">0</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> Unknown</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">3</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">0</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>Ct value (upE)</italic></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> 10 s</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">12</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">1</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> 20 s</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">47</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">2</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> 30 s</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">50</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">13</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="t1-fn1"><p>Abbreviation: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, MERS-CoV.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap id="tbl2"><label>Table 2</label><caption><title>Details of recombination events</title></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col></colgroup><thead valign="bottom"><tr><th align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"><bold>Event</bold></th><th align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"><bold>Recombinant strain</bold></th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><bold>Breakpoint</bold></th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><bold>Parental A region</bold></th><th align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"><bold>Parental A group</bold></th><th align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"><bold>Parental A representative</bold></th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><bold>Parental B region</bold></th><th align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"><bold>Parental B group</bold></th><th align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"><bold>Parental B representative</bold></th></tr></thead><tbody valign="top"><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"><bold>1</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">MF598597</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">21193</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1–21193</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Lineage 7</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">MF598605</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">21994–30125</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Lineage 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">MF598644</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"><bold>2</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">MF598652</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">14055</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1–14055</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Lineage 7</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">MF598689</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">14056–30125</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Lineage 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">MF598625</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">MF598677</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"><bold>3</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">MF598670</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">17236</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1–17236</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Lineage 7</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">MF598689</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">17236–30125</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Lineage 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">MF598611</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"><bold>4</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">MF598683</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">19507</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1–19507</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Lineage 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">MF598657</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">19508–30125</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Lineage 7</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">MF598605</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"><bold>5</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">MF598645</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">21192</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1–21192</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Lineage 7</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">MF598630</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">21192–30125</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Lineage 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">MF598615</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"><bold>6</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">MF598649</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">21623</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1–21623</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Lineage 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">MF598666</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">21623–30125</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Lineage 7</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">MF598647</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"><bold>7</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">MF598660</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">25623</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1–25623</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Lineage 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">MF598633</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">25623–30125</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Lineage 7</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">MF598629</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"><bold>8</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">MF598700</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">22317</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1–22317</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Lineage 2</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">MF598647</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">22317–30125</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Lineage 7</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">MF598699</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"><bold>9</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">MF598702</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">11876</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1–11876</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Lineage 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">MF598657</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">11876–30125</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Lineage 7</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">MF598605</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"><bold>10</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">MF598712</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">19113, 26040</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1–19113, 26040–30125</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Lineage 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">MF598666</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">19113–26040</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Lineage 7</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">MF598709</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap></floats-group></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Tennessee</li></region></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Abd Elaal Ahmed, Mahmud Hamed" sort="Abd Elaal Ahmed, Mahmud Hamed" uniqKey="Abd Elaal Ahmed M" first="Mahmud Hamed" last="Abd Elaal Ahmed">Mahmud Hamed Abd Elaal Ahmed</name><name sortKey="Al Hammadi, Zulaikha Mohamed Abdel Hameed" sort="Al Hammadi, Zulaikha Mohamed Abdel Hameed" uniqKey="Al Hammadi Z" first="Zulaikha Mohamed Abdel Hameed" last="Al Hammadi">Zulaikha Mohamed Abdel Hameed Al Hammadi</name><name sortKey="Al Hosani, Farida Ismail" sort="Al Hosani, Farida Ismail" uniqKey="Al Hosani F" first="Farida Ismail" last="Al Hosani">Farida Ismail Al Hosani</name><name sortKey="Al Muhairi, Salama Suhail" sort="Al Muhairi, Salama Suhail" uniqKey="Al Muhairi S" first="Salama Suhail" last="Al Muhairi">Salama Suhail Al Muhairi</name><name sortKey="Azeez, Ihsaan Abdulwahab" sort="Azeez, Ihsaan Abdulwahab" uniqKey="Azeez I" first="Ihsaan Abdulwahab" last="Azeez">Ihsaan Abdulwahab Azeez</name><name sortKey="Bensalah, Oum Keltoum" sort="Bensalah, Oum Keltoum" uniqKey="Bensalah O" first="Oum Keltoum" last="Bensalah">Oum Keltoum Bensalah</name><name sortKey="Eldahab, Ziyada Swar" sort="Eldahab, Ziyada Swar" uniqKey="Eldahab Z" first="Ziyada Swar" last="Eldahab">Ziyada Swar Eldahab</name><name sortKey="Eltahir, Yassir Mohammed" sort="Eltahir, Yassir Mohammed" uniqKey="Eltahir Y" first="Yassir Mohammed" last="Eltahir">Yassir Mohammed Eltahir</name><name sortKey="Khalafalla, Abdelmalik Ibrahim" sort="Khalafalla, Abdelmalik Ibrahim" uniqKey="Khalafalla A" first="Abdelmalik Ibrahim" last="Khalafalla">Abdelmalik Ibrahim Khalafalla</name><name sortKey="Mohamed, Muzammil Sayed Ahmed Elhaj" sort="Mohamed, Muzammil Sayed Ahmed Elhaj" uniqKey="Mohamed M" first="Muzammil Sayed Ahmed Elhaj" last="Mohamed">Muzammil Sayed Ahmed Elhaj Mohamed</name><name sortKey="Yusof, Mohammed Farouk" sort="Yusof, Mohammed Farouk" uniqKey="Yusof M" first="Mohammed Farouk" last="Yusof">Mohammed Farouk Yusof</name></noCountry><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Queen, Krista" sort="Queen, Krista" uniqKey="Queen K" first="Krista" last="Queen">Krista Queen</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Gerber, Susan I" sort="Gerber, Susan I" uniqKey="Gerber S" first="Susan I" last="Gerber">Susan I. Gerber</name><name sortKey="Hall, Aron J" sort="Hall, Aron J" uniqKey="Hall A" first="Aron J" last="Hall">Aron J. Hall</name><name sortKey="Li, Yan" sort="Li, Yan" uniqKey="Li Y" first="Yan" last="Li">Yan Li</name><name sortKey="Paden, Clinton R" sort="Paden, Clinton R" uniqKey="Paden C" first="Clinton R" last="Paden">Clinton R. Paden</name><name sortKey="Paden, Clinton R" sort="Paden, Clinton R" uniqKey="Paden C" first="Clinton R" last="Paden">Clinton R. Paden</name><name sortKey="Queen, Krista" sort="Queen, Krista" uniqKey="Queen K" first="Krista" last="Queen">Krista Queen</name><name sortKey="Tao, Ying" sort="Tao, Ying" uniqKey="Tao Y" first="Ying" last="Tao">Ying Tao</name><name sortKey="Tong, Suxiang" sort="Tong, Suxiang" uniqKey="Tong S" first="Suxiang" last="Tong">Suxiang Tong</name><name sortKey="Zhang, Jing" sort="Zhang, Jing" uniqKey="Zhang J" first="Jing" last="Zhang">Jing Zhang</name><name sortKey="Zhang, Jing" sort="Zhang, Jing" uniqKey="Zhang J" first="Jing" last="Zhang">Jing Zhang</name></country><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Shi, Mang" sort="Shi, Mang" uniqKey="Shi M" first="Mang" last="Shi">Mang Shi</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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