Occurrence of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) across the Gulf Corporation Council countries: Four years update
Identifieur interne : 000762 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000761; suivant : 000763Occurrence of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) across the Gulf Corporation Council countries: Four years update
Auteurs : Mahmoud Aly [Arabie saoudite] ; Mohamed Elrobh [Arabie saoudite] ; Maha Alzayer [Arabie saoudite] ; Sameera Aljuhani [Arabie saoudite] ; Hanan Balkhy [Arabie saoudite]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2017.
Abstract
The emergence of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infections has become a global issue of dire concerns. MERS-CoV infections have been identified in many countries all over the world whereas high level occurrences have been documented in the Middle East and Korea. MERS-CoV is mainly spreading across the geographical region of the Middle East, especially in the Arabian Peninsula, while some imported sporadic cases were reported from the Europe, North America, Africa, and lately Asia. The prevalence of MERS-CoV infections across the Gulf Corporation Council (GCC) countries still remains unclear. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to report the prevalence of MERS-CoV in the GCC countries and to also elucidate on its demographics in the Arabian Peninsula. To date, the World Health Organization (WHO) has reported 1,797 laboratory-confirmed cases of MERS-CoV infection since June 2012, involving 687 deaths in 27 different countries worldwide. Within a time span of 4 years from June 2012 to July 2016, we collect samples form MERS-CoV infected individuals from National Guard Hospital, Riyadh, and Ministry of health Saudi Arabia and other GCC countries. Our data comprise a total of 1550 cases (67.1% male and 32.9% female). The age-specific prevalence and distribution of MERS-CoV was as follow: <20 yrs (36 cases: 3.28%), 20–39 yrs (331 cases: 30.15%), 40–59 yrs (314 cases: 28.60%), and the highest-risk elderly group aged ≥60 yrs (417 cases: 37.98%). The case distribution among GCC countries was as follows: Saudi Arabia (1441 cases: 93%), Kuwait (4 cases: 0.3%), Bahrain (1 case: 0.1%), Oman (8 cases: 0.5%), Qatar (16 cases: 1.0%), and United Arab Emirates (80 cases: 5.2%). Thus, MERS-CoV was found to be more prevalent in Saudi Arabia especially in Riyadh, where 756 cases (52.4%) were the worst hit area of the country identified, followed by the western region Makkah where 298 cases (20.6%) were recorded. This prevalence update indicates that the Arabian Peninsula, particularly Saudi Arabia, is the hardest hit region regarding the emerging MERS-CoV infections worldwide. GCC countries including Saudi Arabia now have the infrastructure in place that allows physicians and scientific community to identify and immediately respond to the potential risks posed by new outbreaks of MERS-CoV infections in the region. Given the continuum of emergence and the large magnitude of the disease in our region, more studies will be required to bolster capabilities for timely detection and effective control and prevention of MERS-CoV in our region.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183850
PubMed: 29028812
PubMed Central: 5640221
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wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Elrobh, Mohamed" sort="Elrobh, Mohamed" uniqKey="Elrobh M" first="Mohamed" last="Elrobh">Mohamed Elrobh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, King Saud University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, King Saud University Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>King Saud University Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alzayer, Maha" sort="Alzayer, Maha" uniqKey="Alzayer M" first="Maha" last="Alzayer">Maha Alzayer</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aljuhani, Sameera" sort="Aljuhani, Sameera" uniqKey="Aljuhani S" first="Sameera" last="Aljuhani">Sameera Aljuhani</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health 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when="2017">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>The emergence of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infections has become a global issue of dire concerns. MERS-CoV infections have been identified in many countries all over the world whereas high level occurrences have been documented in the Middle East and Korea. MERS-CoV is mainly spreading across the geographical region of the Middle East, especially in the Arabian Peninsula, while some imported sporadic cases were reported from the Europe, North America, Africa, and lately Asia. The prevalence of MERS-CoV infections across the Gulf Corporation Council (GCC) countries still remains unclear. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to report the prevalence of MERS-CoV in the GCC countries and to also elucidate on its demographics in the Arabian Peninsula. To date, the World Health Organization (WHO) has reported 1,797 laboratory-confirmed cases of MERS-CoV infection since June 2012, involving 687 deaths in 27 different countries worldwide. Within a time span of 4 years from June 2012 to July 2016, we collect samples form MERS-CoV infected individuals from National Guard Hospital, Riyadh, and Ministry of health Saudi Arabia and other GCC countries. Our data comprise a total of 1550 cases (67.1% male and 32.9% female). The age-specific prevalence and distribution of MERS-CoV was as follow: <20 yrs (36 cases: 3.28%), 20–39 yrs (331 cases: 30.15%), 40–59 yrs (314 cases: 28.60%), and the highest-risk elderly group aged ≥60 yrs (417 cases: 37.98%). The case distribution among GCC countries was as follows: Saudi Arabia (1441 cases: 93%), Kuwait (4 cases: 0.3%), Bahrain (1 case: 0.1%), Oman (8 cases: 0.5%), Qatar (16 cases: 1.0%), and United Arab Emirates (80 cases: 5.2%). Thus, MERS-CoV was found to be more prevalent in Saudi Arabia especially in Riyadh, where 756 cases (52.4%) were the worst hit area of the country identified, followed by the western region Makkah where 298 cases (20.6%) were recorded. This prevalence update indicates that the Arabian Peninsula, particularly Saudi Arabia, is the hardest hit region regarding the emerging MERS-CoV infections worldwide. GCC countries including Saudi Arabia now have the infrastructure in place that allows physicians and scientific community to identify and immediately respond to the potential risks posed by new outbreaks of MERS-CoV infections in the region. Given the continuum of emergence and the large magnitude of the disease in our region, more studies will be required to bolster capabilities for timely detection and effective control and prevention of MERS-CoV in our region.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zaki, Am" uniqKey="Zaki A">AM Zaki</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van Boheemen, S" uniqKey="Van Boheemen S">S van Boheemen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bestebroer, Tm" uniqKey="Bestebroer T">TM Bestebroer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Osterhaus, Ad" uniqKey="Osterhaus A">AD Osterhaus</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fouchier, Ra" uniqKey="Fouchier R">RA Fouchier</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pebody, Rg" uniqKey="Pebody R">RG Pebody</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chand, Ma" uniqKey="Chand M">MA Chand</name></author><author><name sortKey="Thomas, Hl" uniqKey="Thomas H">HL 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">PLoS One</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">PLoS ONE</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">plos</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">plosone</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>PLoS ONE</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1932-6203</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Public Library of Science</publisher-name><publisher-loc>San Francisco, CA USA</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">29028812</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">5640221</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0183850</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">PONE-D-17-16684</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and life sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Organisms</subject><subj-group><subject>Viruses</subject><subj-group><subject>RNA viruses</subject><subj-group><subject>Coronaviruses</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Microbiology</subject><subj-group><subject>Medical Microbiology</subject><subj-group><subject>Microbial Pathogens</subject><subj-group><subject>Viral Pathogens</subject><subj-group><subject>Coronaviruses</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Pathology and Laboratory Medicine</subject><subj-group><subject>Pathogens</subject><subj-group><subject>Microbial Pathogens</subject><subj-group><subject>Viral Pathogens</subject><subj-group><subject>Coronaviruses</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Organisms</subject><subj-group><subject>Viruses</subject><subj-group><subject>Viral Pathogens</subject><subj-group><subject>Coronaviruses</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Organisms</subject><subj-group><subject>Eukaryota</subject><subj-group><subject>Animals</subject><subj-group><subject>Vertebrates</subject><subj-group><subject>Amniotes</subject><subj-group><subject>Mammals</subject><subj-group><subject>Camels</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>People and places</subject><subj-group><subject>Geographical locations</subject><subj-group><subject>Asia</subject><subj-group><subject>Saudi Arabia</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Pulmonology</subject><subj-group><subject>Respiratory Infections</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>People and Places</subject><subj-group><subject>Geographical Locations</subject><subj-group><subject>Asia</subject><subj-group><subject>Kuwait</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Infectious Diseases</subject><subj-group><subject>Nosocomial Infections</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>People and Places</subject><subj-group><subject>Geographical Locations</subject><subj-group><subject>Asia</subject><subj-group><subject>Bahrain</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>People and Places</subject><subj-group><subject>Geographical Locations</subject><subj-group><subject>Asia</subject><subj-group><subject>Oman</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Occurrence of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) across the Gulf Corporation Council countries: Four years update</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">MERS-CoV prevalence in the across the GCC Countries</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id authenticated="true" contrib-id-type="orcid">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0256-6169</contrib-id><name><surname>Aly</surname><given-names>Mahmoud</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Conceptualization</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Data curation</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Formal analysis</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Funding acquisition</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Investigation</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Methodology</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Project administration</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Supervision</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Writing – original draft</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Writing – review & editing</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff002"><sup>2</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor001">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Elrobh</surname><given-names>Mohamed</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Data curation</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Writing – original draft</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff003"><sup>3</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Alzayer</surname><given-names>Maha</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Data curation</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Writing – original draft</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Aljuhani</surname><given-names>Sameera</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Data curation</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Writing – original draft</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff002"><sup>2</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff004"><sup>4</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Balkhy</surname><given-names>Hanan</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Resources</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Writing – review & editing</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff002"><sup>2</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff004"><sup>4</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff001"><label>1</label><addr-line>King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff002"><label>2</label><addr-line>King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff003"><label>3</label><addr-line>Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, King Saud University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff004"><label>4</label><addr-line>King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</addr-line></aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Ahmad</surname><given-names>Rasheed</given-names></name><role>Editor</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="edit1"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="edit1"><addr-line>Dasman Diabetes Institute, KUWAIT</addr-line></aff><author-notes><fn fn-type="COI-statement" id="coi001"><p><bold>Competing Interests: </bold>The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</p></fn><corresp id="cor001">* E-mail: <email>alyma@ngha.med.sa</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>10</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>10</issue><elocation-id>e0183850</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>2</day><month>5</month><year>2017</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>12</day><month>8</month><year>2017</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2017 Aly et al</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Aly et al</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution License</ext-link>, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="pone.0183850.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><p>The emergence of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infections has become a global issue of dire concerns. MERS-CoV infections have been identified in many countries all over the world whereas high level occurrences have been documented in the Middle East and Korea. MERS-CoV is mainly spreading across the geographical region of the Middle East, especially in the Arabian Peninsula, while some imported sporadic cases were reported from the Europe, North America, Africa, and lately Asia. The prevalence of MERS-CoV infections across the Gulf Corporation Council (GCC) countries still remains unclear. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to report the prevalence of MERS-CoV in the GCC countries and to also elucidate on its demographics in the Arabian Peninsula. To date, the World Health Organization (WHO) has reported 1,797 laboratory-confirmed cases of MERS-CoV infection since June 2012, involving 687 deaths in 27 different countries worldwide. Within a time span of 4 years from June 2012 to July 2016, we collect samples form MERS-CoV infected individuals from National Guard Hospital, Riyadh, and Ministry of health Saudi Arabia and other GCC countries. Our data comprise a total of 1550 cases (67.1% male and 32.9% female). The age-specific prevalence and distribution of MERS-CoV was as follow: <20 yrs (36 cases: 3.28%), 20–39 yrs (331 cases: 30.15%), 40–59 yrs (314 cases: 28.60%), and the highest-risk elderly group aged ≥60 yrs (417 cases: 37.98%). The case distribution among GCC countries was as follows: Saudi Arabia (1441 cases: 93%), Kuwait (4 cases: 0.3%), Bahrain (1 case: 0.1%), Oman (8 cases: 0.5%), Qatar (16 cases: 1.0%), and United Arab Emirates (80 cases: 5.2%). Thus, MERS-CoV was found to be more prevalent in Saudi Arabia especially in Riyadh, where 756 cases (52.4%) were the worst hit area of the country identified, followed by the western region Makkah where 298 cases (20.6%) were recorded. This prevalence update indicates that the Arabian Peninsula, particularly Saudi Arabia, is the hardest hit region regarding the emerging MERS-CoV infections worldwide. GCC countries including Saudi Arabia now have the infrastructure in place that allows physicians and scientific community to identify and immediately respond to the potential risks posed by new outbreaks of MERS-CoV infections in the region. Given the continuum of emergence and the large magnitude of the disease in our region, more studies will be required to bolster capabilities for timely detection and effective control and prevention of MERS-CoV in our region.</p></abstract><funding-group><award-group id="award001"><funding-source><institution>King Abdullah International Medical Research Center</institution></funding-source><award-id>RC15-128</award-id><principal-award-recipient><contrib-id authenticated="true" contrib-id-type="orcid">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0256-6169</contrib-id><name><surname>Aly</surname><given-names>Mahmoud</given-names></name></principal-award-recipient></award-group><funding-statement>This study has been supported by funds from King Abdullah International Medical Research Center KAIMRC (IRB #RC15/128).</funding-statement></funding-group><counts><fig-count count="2"></fig-count><table-count count="4"></table-count><page-count count="11"></page-count></counts><custom-meta-group><custom-meta id="data-availability"><meta-name>Data Availability</meta-name><meta-value>All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta><notes><title>Data Availability</title><p>All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.</p></notes></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Arabie saoudite</li></country></list><tree><country name="Arabie saoudite"><noRegion><name sortKey="Aly, Mahmoud" sort="Aly, Mahmoud" uniqKey="Aly M" first="Mahmoud" last="Aly">Mahmoud Aly</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Aljuhani, Sameera" sort="Aljuhani, Sameera" uniqKey="Aljuhani S" first="Sameera" last="Aljuhani">Sameera Aljuhani</name><name sortKey="Aljuhani, Sameera" sort="Aljuhani, Sameera" uniqKey="Aljuhani S" first="Sameera" last="Aljuhani">Sameera Aljuhani</name><name sortKey="Aljuhani, Sameera" sort="Aljuhani, Sameera" uniqKey="Aljuhani S" first="Sameera" last="Aljuhani">Sameera Aljuhani</name><name sortKey="Aly, Mahmoud" sort="Aly, Mahmoud" uniqKey="Aly M" first="Mahmoud" last="Aly">Mahmoud Aly</name><name sortKey="Alzayer, Maha" sort="Alzayer, Maha" uniqKey="Alzayer M" first="Maha" last="Alzayer">Maha Alzayer</name><name sortKey="Balkhy, Hanan" sort="Balkhy, Hanan" uniqKey="Balkhy H" first="Hanan" last="Balkhy">Hanan Balkhy</name><name sortKey="Balkhy, Hanan" sort="Balkhy, Hanan" uniqKey="Balkhy H" first="Hanan" last="Balkhy">Hanan Balkhy</name><name sortKey="Balkhy, Hanan" sort="Balkhy, Hanan" uniqKey="Balkhy H" first="Hanan" last="Balkhy">Hanan Balkhy</name><name sortKey="Elrobh, Mohamed" sort="Elrobh, Mohamed" uniqKey="Elrobh M" first="Mohamed" last="Elrobh">Mohamed Elrobh</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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