Pathogenicity and Viral Shedding of MERS-CoV in Immunocompromised Rhesus Macaques
Identifieur interne : 000505 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000504; suivant : 000506Pathogenicity and Viral Shedding of MERS-CoV in Immunocompromised Rhesus Macaques
Auteurs : Joseph Prescott [États-Unis] ; Darryl Falzarano [États-Unis] ; Emmie De Wit [États-Unis] ; Kath Hardcastle [États-Unis] ; Friederike Feldmann [États-Unis] ; Elaine Haddock [États-Unis] ; Dana Scott [États-Unis] ; Heinz Feldmann [États-Unis] ; Vincent Jacobus Munster [États-Unis]Source :
- Frontiers in Immunology [ 1664-3224 ] ; 2018.
Abstract
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has recently emerged in the Middle East. Since 2012, there have been approximately 2,100 confirmed cases, with a 35% case fatality rate. Disease severity has been linked to patient health status, as people with chronic diseases or an immunocompromised status fare worse, although the mechanisms of disease have yet to be elucidated. We used the rhesus macaque model of mild MERS to investigate whether the immune response plays a role in the pathogenicity in relation to MERS-CoV shedding. Immunosuppressed macaques were inoculated with MERS-CoV and sampled daily for 6 days to assess their immune statues and to measure viral shedding and replication. Immunosuppressed macaques supported significantly higher levels of MERS-CoV replication in respiratory tissues and shed more virus, and virus disseminated to tissues outside of the respiratory tract, whereas viral RNA was confined to respiratory tissues in non-immunosuppressed animals. Despite increased viral replication, pathology in the lungs was significantly lower in immunosuppressed animals. The observation that the virus was less pathogenic in these animals suggests that disease has an immunopathogenic component and shows that inflammatory responses elicited by the virus contribute to disease.
Url:
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00205
PubMed: 29483914
PubMed Central: 5816332
Affiliations:
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has recently emerged in the Middle East. Since 2012, there have been approximately 2,100 confirmed cases, with a 35% case fatality rate. Disease severity has been linked to patient health status, as people with chronic diseases or an immunocompromised status fare worse, although the mechanisms of disease have yet to be elucidated. We used the rhesus macaque model of mild MERS to investigate whether the immune response plays a role in the pathogenicity in relation to MERS-CoV shedding. Immunosuppressed macaques were inoculated with MERS-CoV and sampled daily for 6 days to assess their immune statues and to measure viral shedding and replication. Immunosuppressed macaques supported significantly higher levels of MERS-CoV replication in respiratory tissues and shed more virus, and virus disseminated to tissues outside of the respiratory tract, whereas viral RNA was confined to respiratory tissues in non-immunosuppressed animals. Despite increased viral replication, pathology in the lungs was significantly lower in immunosuppressed animals. The observation that the virus was less pathogenic in these animals suggests that disease has an immunopathogenic component and shows that inflammatory responses elicited by the virus contribute to disease.</p>
</div>
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<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Front Immunol</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Front Immunol</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Front. Immunol.</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Frontiers in Immunology</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1664-3224</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Frontiers Media S.A.</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">29483914</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">5816332</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3389/fimmu.2018.00205</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Immunology</subject>
<subj-group><subject>Original Research</subject>
</subj-group>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Pathogenicity and Viral Shedding of MERS-CoV in Immunocompromised Rhesus Macaques</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Prescott</surname>
<given-names>Joseph</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://frontiersin.org/people/u/497231"></uri>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Falzarano</surname>
<given-names>Darryl</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>de Wit</surname>
<given-names>Emmie</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hardcastle</surname>
<given-names>Kath</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Feldmann</surname>
<given-names>Friederike</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Haddock</surname>
<given-names>Elaine</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Scott</surname>
<given-names>Dana</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Feldmann</surname>
<given-names>Heinz</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://frontiersin.org/people/u/23157"></uri>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Munster</surname>
<given-names>Vincent Jacobus</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref>
<uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://frontiersin.org/people/u/363436"></uri>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="aff1"><sup>1</sup>
<institution>Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health</institution>
,<addr-line>Hamilton, MT</addr-line>
,<country>United States</country>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2"><sup>2</sup>
<institution>Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch, Division of Intramural Research, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health</institution>
,<addr-line>Hamilton, MT</addr-line>
,<country>United States</country>
</aff>
<author-notes><fn fn-type="edited-by"><p>Edited by: Alan Chen-Yu Hsu, University of Newcastle, Australia</p>
</fn>
<fn fn-type="edited-by"><p>Reviewed by: Byron Emanuel Eusebio Martina, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Netherlands; Dirk Dittmer, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States</p>
</fn>
<corresp content-type="corresp" id="cor1">*Correspondence: Vincent Jacobus Munster, <email>munstervj@niaid.nih.gov</email>
</corresp>
<fn fn-type="other" id="fn001"><p>Specialty section: This article was submitted to Microbial Immunology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Immunology</p>
</fn>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day>
<month>2</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>9</volume>
<elocation-id>205</elocation-id>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>13</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>2017</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>24</day>
<month>1</month>
<year>2018</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2018 Prescott, Falzarano, de Wit, Hardcastle, Feldmann, Haddock, Scott, Feldmann and Munster.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2018</copyright-year>
<copyright-holder>Prescott, Falzarano, de Wit, Hardcastle, Feldmann, Haddock, Scott, Feldmann and Munster</copyright-holder>
<license xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract><p>Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has recently emerged in the Middle East. Since 2012, there have been approximately 2,100 confirmed cases, with a 35% case fatality rate. Disease severity has been linked to patient health status, as people with chronic diseases or an immunocompromised status fare worse, although the mechanisms of disease have yet to be elucidated. We used the rhesus macaque model of mild MERS to investigate whether the immune response plays a role in the pathogenicity in relation to MERS-CoV shedding. Immunosuppressed macaques were inoculated with MERS-CoV and sampled daily for 6 days to assess their immune statues and to measure viral shedding and replication. Immunosuppressed macaques supported significantly higher levels of MERS-CoV replication in respiratory tissues and shed more virus, and virus disseminated to tissues outside of the respiratory tract, whereas viral RNA was confined to respiratory tissues in non-immunosuppressed animals. Despite increased viral replication, pathology in the lungs was significantly lower in immunosuppressed animals. The observation that the virus was less pathogenic in these animals suggests that disease has an immunopathogenic component and shows that inflammatory responses elicited by the virus contribute to disease.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><kwd>Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus</kwd>
<kwd>immunosuppression</kwd>
<kwd>pathology</kwd>
<kwd>shedding</kwd>
<kwd>macaque monkey</kwd>
</kwd-group>
<counts><fig-count count="4"></fig-count>
<table-count count="2"></table-count>
<equation-count count="0"></equation-count>
<ref-count count="34"></ref-count>
<page-count count="9"></page-count>
<word-count count="5780"></word-count>
</counts>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
<affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li>
</country>
</list>
<tree><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Prescott, Joseph" sort="Prescott, Joseph" uniqKey="Prescott J" first="Joseph" last="Prescott">Joseph Prescott</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="De Wit, Emmie" sort="De Wit, Emmie" uniqKey="De Wit E" first="Emmie" last="De Wit">Emmie De Wit</name>
<name sortKey="Falzarano, Darryl" sort="Falzarano, Darryl" uniqKey="Falzarano D" first="Darryl" last="Falzarano">Darryl Falzarano</name>
<name sortKey="Feldmann, Friederike" sort="Feldmann, Friederike" uniqKey="Feldmann F" first="Friederike" last="Feldmann">Friederike Feldmann</name>
<name sortKey="Feldmann, Heinz" sort="Feldmann, Heinz" uniqKey="Feldmann H" first="Heinz" last="Feldmann">Heinz Feldmann</name>
<name sortKey="Haddock, Elaine" sort="Haddock, Elaine" uniqKey="Haddock E" first="Elaine" last="Haddock">Elaine Haddock</name>
<name sortKey="Hardcastle, Kath" sort="Hardcastle, Kath" uniqKey="Hardcastle K" first="Kath" last="Hardcastle">Kath Hardcastle</name>
<name sortKey="Munster, Vincent Jacobus" sort="Munster, Vincent Jacobus" uniqKey="Munster V" first="Vincent Jacobus" last="Munster">Vincent Jacobus Munster</name>
<name sortKey="Scott, Dana" sort="Scott, Dana" uniqKey="Scott D" first="Dana" last="Scott">Dana Scott</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
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