Surface Segregation of Cyclic Chains in Binary Melts of Thin Polymer Films: The Influence of Constituent Concentration
Identifieur interne : 000458 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000457; suivant : 000459Surface Segregation of Cyclic Chains in Binary Melts of Thin Polymer Films: The Influence of Constituent Concentration
Auteurs : Francis M. Gaitho ; Mesfin Tsige ; Genene T. Mola ; Giuseppe Pellicane [Afrique du Sud]Source :
- Polymers [ 2073-4360 ] ; 2018.
Abstract
We carry out extensive molecular dynamics simulations of thin films of bead-spring models of binary mixtures composed of cyclic and linear polymer chains. We study the equilibrium behavior of the polymer chains for two very different chain lengths, which resemble short (10-mers) and long (100-mers) chains, at different concentrations of the binary mixture. We clearly show how the concentration variable affects the enrichment of either of the two polymer species at the interface, and also how the chain length influences this process.
Url:
DOI: 10.3390/polym10030324
PubMed: 30966359
PubMed Central: 6414847
Affiliations:
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Surface Segregation of Cyclic Chains in Binary Melts of Thin Polymer Films: The Influence of Constituent Concentration</title><author><name sortKey="Gaitho, Francis M" sort="Gaitho, Francis M" uniqKey="Gaitho F" first="Francis M." last="Gaitho">Francis M. Gaitho</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-polymers-10-00324">School of Chemistry & Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa;<email>fgaitho@mmust.ac.ke</email> (F.M.G.);<email>mola@ukzn.ac.za</email> (G.T.M.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tsige, Mesfin" sort="Tsige, Mesfin" uniqKey="Tsige M" first="Mesfin" last="Tsige">Mesfin Tsige</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2-polymers-10-00324">Department of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA;<email>mtsige@uakron.edu</email></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mola, Genene T" sort="Mola, Genene T" uniqKey="Mola G" first="Genene T." last="Mola">Genene T. Mola</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-polymers-10-00324">School of Chemistry & Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa;<email>fgaitho@mmust.ac.ke</email> (F.M.G.);<email>mola@ukzn.ac.za</email> (G.T.M.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pellicane, Giuseppe" sort="Pellicane, Giuseppe" uniqKey="Pellicane G" first="Giuseppe" last="Pellicane">Giuseppe Pellicane</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-polymers-10-00324">School of Chemistry & Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa;<email>fgaitho@mmust.ac.ke</email> (F.M.G.);<email>mola@ukzn.ac.za</email> (G.T.M.)</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af3-polymers-10-00324">National Institute of Theoretical Physics (NITheP) KZN Node, Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Theoretical Physics (NITheP) KZN Node, Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Scottsville 3209</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">30966359</idno><idno type="pmc">6414847</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6414847</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:6414847</idno><idno type="doi">10.3390/polym10030324</idno><date when="2018">2018</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001124</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001124</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">001124</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">001124</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000458</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000458</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Surface Segregation of Cyclic Chains in Binary Melts of Thin Polymer Films: The Influence of Constituent Concentration</title><author><name sortKey="Gaitho, Francis M" sort="Gaitho, Francis M" uniqKey="Gaitho F" first="Francis M." last="Gaitho">Francis M. Gaitho</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-polymers-10-00324">School of Chemistry & Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa;<email>fgaitho@mmust.ac.ke</email> (F.M.G.);<email>mola@ukzn.ac.za</email> (G.T.M.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tsige, Mesfin" sort="Tsige, Mesfin" uniqKey="Tsige M" first="Mesfin" last="Tsige">Mesfin Tsige</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2-polymers-10-00324">Department of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA;<email>mtsige@uakron.edu</email></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mola, Genene T" sort="Mola, Genene T" uniqKey="Mola G" first="Genene T." last="Mola">Genene T. Mola</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-polymers-10-00324">School of Chemistry & Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa;<email>fgaitho@mmust.ac.ke</email> (F.M.G.);<email>mola@ukzn.ac.za</email> (G.T.M.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pellicane, Giuseppe" sort="Pellicane, Giuseppe" uniqKey="Pellicane G" first="Giuseppe" last="Pellicane">Giuseppe Pellicane</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-polymers-10-00324">School of Chemistry & Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa;<email>fgaitho@mmust.ac.ke</email> (F.M.G.);<email>mola@ukzn.ac.za</email> (G.T.M.)</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af3-polymers-10-00324">National Institute of Theoretical Physics (NITheP) KZN Node, Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Theoretical Physics (NITheP) KZN Node, Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Scottsville 3209</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Polymers</title><idno type="eISSN">2073-4360</idno><imprint><date when="2018">2018</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>We carry out extensive molecular dynamics simulations of thin films of bead-spring models of binary mixtures composed of cyclic and linear polymer chains. We study the equilibrium behavior of the polymer chains for two very different chain lengths, which resemble short (10-mers) and long (100-mers) chains, at different concentrations of the binary mixture. We clearly show how the concentration variable affects the enrichment of either of the two polymer species at the interface, and also how the chain length influences this process.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chen, D" uniqKey="Chen D">D. Chen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nakahara, A" uniqKey="Nakahara A">A. Nakahara</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wei, D" uniqKey="Wei D">D. Wei</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nordlund, D" uniqKey="Nordlund D">D. Nordlund</name></author><author><name sortKey="Russell, T P" uniqKey="Russell T">T.P. Russell</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Shi, J" uniqKey="Shi J">J. 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Polymers (Basel)</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Polymers (Basel)</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">polymers</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Polymers</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2073-4360</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MDPI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">30966359</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">6414847</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3390/polym10030324</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">polymers-10-00324</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Surface Segregation of Cyclic Chains in Binary Melts of Thin Polymer Films: The Influence of Constituent Concentration</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gaitho</surname><given-names>Francis M.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-polymers-10-00324">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="true">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7540-2050</contrib-id><name><surname>Tsige</surname><given-names>Mesfin</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af2-polymers-10-00324">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="true">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1510-4641</contrib-id><name><surname>Mola</surname><given-names>Genene T.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-polymers-10-00324">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pellicane</surname><given-names>Giuseppe</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-polymers-10-00324">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af3-polymers-10-00324">3</xref><xref rid="c1-polymers-10-00324" ref-type="corresp">*</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="af1-polymers-10-00324"><label>1</label>School of Chemistry & Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa;<email>fgaitho@mmust.ac.ke</email> (F.M.G.);<email>mola@ukzn.ac.za</email> (G.T.M.)</aff><aff id="af2-polymers-10-00324"><label>2</label>Department of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA;<email>mtsige@uakron.edu</email></aff><aff id="af3-polymers-10-00324"><label>3</label>National Institute of Theoretical Physics (NITheP) KZN Node, Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa</aff><author-notes><corresp id="c1-polymers-10-00324"><label>*</label>Correspondence: <email>pellicane@ukzn.ac.za</email>; Tel.: +27-33-260-5234</corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>3</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><month>3</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>3</issue><elocation-id>324</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>31</day><month>12</month><year>2017</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>02</day><month>3</month><year>2018</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2018 by the authors.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><license license-type="open-access"><license-p>Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link>).</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>We carry out extensive molecular dynamics simulations of thin films of bead-spring models of binary mixtures composed of cyclic and linear polymer chains. We study the equilibrium behavior of the polymer chains for two very different chain lengths, which resemble short (10-mers) and long (100-mers) chains, at different concentrations of the binary mixture. We clearly show how the concentration variable affects the enrichment of either of the two polymer species at the interface, and also how the chain length influences this process.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>polymer melt</kwd><kwd>concentration</kwd><kwd>surface behavior</kwd><kwd>interface</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><floats-group><fig id="polymers-10-00324-f001" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 1</label><caption><p>Density profiles of polymer films of (<bold>a</bold>) 100-mers and (<bold>b</bold>) 10-mers at concentrations <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm164"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>C</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> = <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm165"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>10</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> (Red lines), <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm166"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>30</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> (Orange lines), <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm167"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>50</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> (Green lines), <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm168"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>70</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> (Blue lines) and <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm169"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>90</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> (Black lines). Cyclic chains: solid lines; linear chains: dashed lines.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="polymers-10-00324-g001"></graphic></fig><fig id="polymers-10-00324-f002" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 2</label><caption><p>Profiles for radius of gyration <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm170"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>R</mml:mi><mml:mi>g</mml:mi></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> as a function of distance from interface <italic>z</italic>. Full lines: cyclic chain profiles. Dashed lines: linear chain profiles. Left panels: Parallel components <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm171"><mml:mrow><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>R</mml:mi><mml:mi>g</mml:mi><mml:mo>∥</mml:mo></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula>, for (<bold>a</bold>) 100-mers and (<bold>b</bold>) 10-mers, at concentrations <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm172"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>C</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> = <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm173"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>10</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> (Red lines), <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm174"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>30</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> (Orange lines), <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm175"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>50</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> (Green lines), <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm176"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>70</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> (Blue lines) and <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm177"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>90</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> (Black lines). Right panels: Transverse component <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm178"><mml:mrow><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>R</mml:mi><mml:mi>g</mml:mi><mml:mo>⊥</mml:mo></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula>—for the same order of presentation as in the left panels. <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm179"><mml:mrow><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>R</mml:mi><mml:mi>g</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mo>∥</mml:mo><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mo>⊥</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> are scaled by their <italic>bulk</italic> values <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm180"><mml:mrow><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>R</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi>g</mml:mi><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi>b</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>∥</mml:mo><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mo>⊥</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula>.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="polymers-10-00324-g002"></graphic></fig><fig id="polymers-10-00324-f003" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 3</label><caption><p>Profiles for average gap of radius of gyration between cyclic and linear polymers as a function of distance from the interface <italic>z</italic>, for 10-mers. <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm181"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>G</mml:mi><mml:mi>A</mml:mi><mml:msup><mml:mi>P</mml:mi><mml:mo>∥</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula>- left panels; <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm182"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>G</mml:mi><mml:mi>A</mml:mi><mml:msup><mml:mi>P</mml:mi><mml:mo>⊥</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula>- right panels.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="polymers-10-00324-g003"></graphic></fig><fig id="polymers-10-00324-f004" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 4</label><caption><p>Schematic representation of instantaneous interface generated by cyclic polymers. </p></caption><graphic xlink:href="polymers-10-00324-g004"></graphic></fig><fig id="polymers-10-00324-f005" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 5</label><caption><p>Average polymer numbers for (<bold>a</bold>) 100-mers and (<bold>b</bold>) 10-mers scaled by total number of polymers in the slab of thickness <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm183"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>σ</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> in the <italic>bulk</italic>, as a function of distance from the instantaneous interface. <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm184"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>N</mml:mi><mml:mi>l</mml:mi></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> represents number of beads of linear chains and <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm185"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>N</mml:mi><mml:mi>c</mml:mi></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> that of cyclic chains. </p></caption><graphic xlink:href="polymers-10-00324-g005"></graphic></fig><fig id="polymers-10-00324-f006" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 6</label><caption><p>Normalized linear chain-ends for 100-mer (solid lines) and 10-mers (dashed lines) as a function of distance from the instantaneous interface, at concentrations <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm186"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>C</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> = <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm187"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>10</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> (Red lines), <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm188"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>30</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> (Orange lines), <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm189"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>50</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> (Green lines), <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm190"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>70</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> (Blue lines) and <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm191"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>90</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> (Black lines).</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="polymers-10-00324-g006"></graphic></fig><fig id="polymers-10-00324-f007" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 7</label><caption><p>Interaction total energy per bead of cyclic and linear chains (<inline-formula><mml:math id="mm192"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>E</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi>c</mml:mi><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi>l</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula>) as a function of distance from the interface at concentrations <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm193"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>C</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> = <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm194"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>10</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm195"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>30</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm196"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>50</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm197"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>70</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm198"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>90</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> for: (<bold>a</bold>) 100-mers; and (<bold>b</bold>) 10-mers. Cyclic chains: solid lines; linear chains: dashed lines.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="polymers-10-00324-g007"></graphic></fig><fig id="polymers-10-00324-f008" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 8</label><caption><p>Variation of diffusion coefficient with distance from the interface for (<bold>a</bold>) 100-mers and (<bold>b</bold>) 10-mers of cyclic and linear chains at concentrations <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm199"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>C</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> = <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm200"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>10</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> (Red lines), <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm201"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>30</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> (Orange lines), <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm202"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>50</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> (Green lines), <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm203"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>70</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> (Blue lines) and <inline-formula><mml:math id="mm204"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>90</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> (Black lines). Left and right panels represent parallel and perpendicular components of diffusion constant, respectively. Solid lines: cyclic chain profiles; dashed lines: linear chain profiles.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="polymers-10-00324-g008"></graphic></fig><table-wrap id="polymers-10-00324-t001" orientation="portrait" position="float"><object-id pub-id-type="pii">polymers-10-00324-t001_Table 1</object-id><label>Table 1</label><caption><p>Values of <italic>bulk</italic> density of linear and cyclic chains for 10-mers and 100-mers. Errors are on the last digit.</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th rowspan="2" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin;border-top:solid thin" colspan="1">% Cyclic concentration</th><th colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-top:solid thin;border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1">10-mers</th><th colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-top:solid thin;border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1">100-mers</th></tr><tr><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><inline-formula><mml:math id="mm205"><mml:mrow><mml:mstyle mathvariant="bold"><mml:msubsup><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">ρ</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">Linear</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msubsup></mml:mstyle></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><inline-formula><mml:math id="mm206"><mml:mrow><mml:mstyle mathvariant="bold"><mml:msubsup><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">ρ</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">Cyclic</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msubsup></mml:mstyle></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><inline-formula><mml:math id="mm207"><mml:mrow><mml:mstyle mathvariant="bold"><mml:msubsup><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">ρ</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">Linear</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msubsup></mml:mstyle></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><inline-formula><mml:math id="mm208"><mml:mrow><mml:mstyle mathvariant="bold"><mml:msubsup><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">ρ</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">Cyclic</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msubsup></mml:mstyle></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.13</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.35</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.23</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.33</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">30</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.44</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.06</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.54</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.02</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">50</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.74</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.78</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.87</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.69</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">70</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.05</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.48</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.15</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.41</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">90</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.35</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.20</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.40</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.17</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><table-wrap id="polymers-10-00324-t002" orientation="portrait" position="float"><object-id pub-id-type="pii">polymers-10-00324-t002_Table 2</object-id><label>Table 2</label><caption><p>Average <italic>bulk</italic> radii of gyration for linear and cyclic chains. Errors are on the last digit.</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th rowspan="3" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin;border-top:solid thin" colspan="1">% Cyclic concentration</th><th colspan="6" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-top:solid thin;border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1">100-mers</th><th colspan="6" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-top:solid thin;border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1">10-mers</th></tr><tr><th colspan="3" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1">Linear chain</th><th colspan="3" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1">Cyclic chain</th><th colspan="3" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1">Linear chain</th><th colspan="3" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1">Cyclic chain</th></tr><tr><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><inline-formula><mml:math id="mm209"><mml:mrow><mml:mstyle mathvariant="bold"><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">R</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">g</mml:mi><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">b</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mstyle></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><inline-formula><mml:math id="mm210"><mml:mrow><mml:mstyle mathvariant="bold"><mml:msubsup><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">R</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">g</mml:mi><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">b</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>|</mml:mo><mml:mo>|</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:mstyle></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><inline-formula><mml:math id="mm211"><mml:mrow><mml:mstyle mathvariant="bold"><mml:msubsup><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">R</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">g</mml:mi><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">b</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">⊥</mml:mi></mml:msubsup></mml:mstyle></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><inline-formula><mml:math id="mm212"><mml:mrow><mml:mstyle mathvariant="bold"><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">R</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">g</mml:mi><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">b</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mstyle></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><inline-formula><mml:math id="mm213"><mml:mrow><mml:mstyle mathvariant="bold"><mml:msubsup><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">R</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">g</mml:mi><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">b</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>|</mml:mo><mml:mo>|</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:mstyle></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><inline-formula><mml:math id="mm214"><mml:mrow><mml:mstyle mathvariant="bold"><mml:msubsup><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">R</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">g</mml:mi><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">b</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">⊥</mml:mi></mml:msubsup></mml:mstyle></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><inline-formula><mml:math id="mm215"><mml:mrow><mml:mstyle mathvariant="bold"><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">R</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">g</mml:mi><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">b</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mstyle></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><inline-formula><mml:math id="mm216"><mml:mrow><mml:mstyle mathvariant="bold"><mml:msubsup><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">R</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">g</mml:mi><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">b</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>|</mml:mo><mml:mo>|</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:mstyle></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><inline-formula><mml:math id="mm217"><mml:mrow><mml:mstyle mathvariant="bold"><mml:msubsup><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">R</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">g</mml:mi><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">b</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">⊥</mml:mi></mml:msubsup></mml:mstyle></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><inline-formula><mml:math id="mm218"><mml:mrow><mml:mstyle mathvariant="bold"><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">R</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">g</mml:mi><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">b</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mstyle></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><inline-formula><mml:math id="mm219"><mml:mrow><mml:mstyle mathvariant="bold"><mml:msubsup><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">R</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">g</mml:mi><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">b</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>|</mml:mo><mml:mo>|</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:mstyle></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><inline-formula><mml:math id="mm220"><mml:mrow><mml:mstyle mathvariant="bold"><mml:msubsup><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">R</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">g</mml:mi><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">b</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">⊥</mml:mi></mml:msubsup></mml:mstyle></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.06</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.84</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.79</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.77</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.18</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.08</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.45</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.81</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.79</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.14</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.66</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.64</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">30</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.10</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.86</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.82</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.68</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.11</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.07</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.44</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.81</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.79</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.14</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.65</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.64</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">50</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.09</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.87</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.78</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.63</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.08</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.04</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.44</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.81</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.79</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.14</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.65</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.64</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">70</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.01</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.82</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.76</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.57</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.05</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.00</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.26</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.71</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.70</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.22</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.70</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.68</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">90</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.04</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.84</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.81</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.51</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.01</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.98</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.20</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.68</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.67</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.17</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.67</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.65</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><table-wrap id="polymers-10-00324-t003" orientation="portrait" position="float"><object-id pub-id-type="pii">polymers-10-00324-t003_Table 3</object-id><label>Table 3</label><caption><p>Parallel and perpendicular components of surface diffusion constant for 100-mers and 10-mers chains computed from the slope of MSD using Einstein’s relation. Errors are on the last digit.</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th rowspan="3" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin;border-top:solid thin" colspan="1">% Cyclic concentration</th><th colspan="4" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-top:solid thin;border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1">100-mers</th><th colspan="4" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-top:solid thin;border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1">10-mers</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1">Linear chain</th><th colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1">Cyclic chain</th><th colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1">Linear chain</th><th colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1">Cyclic chain</th></tr><tr><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><inline-formula><mml:math id="mm221"><mml:mrow><mml:mstyle mathvariant="bold"><mml:msubsup><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">D</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">surface</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>|</mml:mo><mml:mo>|</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:mstyle></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><inline-formula><mml:math id="mm222"><mml:mrow><mml:mstyle mathvariant="bold"><mml:msubsup><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">D</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">surface</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">⊥</mml:mi></mml:msubsup></mml:mstyle></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><inline-formula><mml:math id="mm223"><mml:mrow><mml:mstyle mathvariant="bold"><mml:msubsup><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">D</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">surface</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>|</mml:mo><mml:mo>|</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:mstyle></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><inline-formula><mml:math id="mm224"><mml:mrow><mml:mstyle mathvariant="bold"><mml:msubsup><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">D</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">surface</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">⊥</mml:mi></mml:msubsup></mml:mstyle></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><inline-formula><mml:math id="mm225"><mml:mrow><mml:mstyle mathvariant="bold"><mml:msubsup><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">D</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">surface</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>|</mml:mo><mml:mo>|</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:mstyle></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><inline-formula><mml:math id="mm226"><mml:mrow><mml:mstyle mathvariant="bold"><mml:msubsup><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">D</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">surface</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">⊥</mml:mi></mml:msubsup></mml:mstyle></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><inline-formula><mml:math id="mm227"><mml:mrow><mml:mstyle mathvariant="bold"><mml:msubsup><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">D</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">surface</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>|</mml:mo><mml:mo>|</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:mstyle></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><inline-formula><mml:math id="mm228"><mml:mrow><mml:mstyle mathvariant="bold"><mml:msubsup><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">D</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">surface</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">⊥</mml:mi></mml:msubsup></mml:mstyle></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.10</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.11</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.05</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.05</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.00</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.19</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.11</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.63</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">30</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.11</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.12</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.06</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.06</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.89</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.26</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.10</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.64</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">50</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.12</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.12</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.06</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.06</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.80</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.27</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.09</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.70</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">70</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.12</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.12</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.07</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.07</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.25</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.28</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.80</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">90</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.15</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.15</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.08</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.08</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.18</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.28</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.07</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.00</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap></floats-group></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Afrique du Sud</li></country></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Gaitho, Francis M" sort="Gaitho, Francis M" uniqKey="Gaitho F" first="Francis M." last="Gaitho">Francis M. Gaitho</name><name sortKey="Mola, Genene T" sort="Mola, Genene T" uniqKey="Mola G" first="Genene T." last="Mola">Genene T. Mola</name><name sortKey="Tsige, Mesfin" sort="Tsige, Mesfin" uniqKey="Tsige M" first="Mesfin" last="Tsige">Mesfin Tsige</name></noCountry><country name="Afrique du Sud"><noRegion><name sortKey="Pellicane, Giuseppe" sort="Pellicane, Giuseppe" uniqKey="Pellicane G" first="Giuseppe" last="Pellicane">Giuseppe Pellicane</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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