A viral metagenomic survey identifies known and novel mammalian viruses in bats from Saudi Arabia
Identifieur interne : 000416 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000415; suivant : 000417A viral metagenomic survey identifies known and novel mammalian viruses in bats from Saudi Arabia
Auteurs : Nischay Mishra [États-Unis] ; Shamsudeen F. Fagbo [Arabie saoudite] ; Abdulaziz N. Alagaili [Arabie saoudite] ; Adam Nitido [États-Unis] ; Simon H. Williams [États-Unis] ; James Ng [États-Unis] ; Bohyun Lee [États-Unis] ; Abdulkareem Durosinlorun [Nigeria] ; Joel A. Garcia [États-Unis] ; Komal Jain [États-Unis] ; Vishal Kapoor [États-Unis] ; Jonathan H. Epstein [États-Unis] ; Thomas Briese [États-Unis] ; Ziad A. Memish ; Kevin J. Olival [États-Unis] ; W. Ian Lipkin [États-Unis]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2019.
Abstract
Bats are implicated as natural reservoirs for a wide range of zoonotic viruses including SARS and MERS coronaviruses, Ebola, Marburg, Nipah, Hendra, Rabies and other lyssaviruses. Accordingly, many One Health surveillance and viral discovery programs have focused on bats. In this report we present viral metagenomic data from bats collected in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia [KSA]. Unbiased high throughput sequencing of fecal samples from 72 bat individuals comprising four species; lesser mouse-tailed bat (
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DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214227
PubMed: 30969980
PubMed Central: 6457491
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Fagbo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>One Health Unit, Executive Directorate for Surveillance and Response, National Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>One Health Unit, Executive Directorate for Surveillance and Response, National Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alagaili, Abdulaziz N" sort="Alagaili, Abdulaziz N" uniqKey="Alagaili A" first="Abdulaziz N." last="Alagaili">Abdulaziz N. Alagaili</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nitido, Adam" sort="Nitido, Adam" uniqKey="Nitido A" first="Adam" last="Nitido">Adam Nitido</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region><settlement type="city">New York</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Columbia</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Williams, Simon H" sort="Williams, Simon H" uniqKey="Williams S" first="Simon H." last="Williams">Simon H. Williams</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region><settlement type="city">New York</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Columbia</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ng, James" sort="Ng, James" uniqKey="Ng J" first="James" last="Ng">James Ng</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region><settlement type="city">New York</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Columbia</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Bohyun" sort="Lee, Bohyun" uniqKey="Lee B" first="Bohyun" last="Lee">Bohyun Lee</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region><settlement type="city">New York</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Columbia</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Durosinlorun, Abdulkareem" sort="Durosinlorun, Abdulkareem" uniqKey="Durosinlorun A" first="Abdulkareem" last="Durosinlorun">Abdulkareem Durosinlorun</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Kaduna, Nigeria</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Kaduna</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kaduna</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garcia, Joel A" sort="Garcia, Joel A" uniqKey="Garcia J" first="Joel A." last="Garcia">Joel A. Garcia</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region><settlement type="city">New York</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Columbia</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jain, Komal" sort="Jain, Komal" uniqKey="Jain K" first="Komal" last="Jain">Komal Jain</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region><settlement type="city">New York</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Columbia</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kapoor, Vishal" sort="Kapoor, Vishal" uniqKey="Kapoor V" first="Vishal" last="Kapoor">Vishal Kapoor</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region><settlement type="city">New York</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Columbia</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Epstein, Jonathan H" sort="Epstein, Jonathan H" uniqKey="Epstein J" first="Jonathan H." last="Epstein">Jonathan H. Epstein</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff005"><addr-line>EcoHealth Alliance, New York, New York, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>EcoHealth Alliance, New York, New York</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Briese, Thomas" sort="Briese, Thomas" uniqKey="Briese T" first="Thomas" last="Briese">Thomas Briese</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region><settlement type="city">New York</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Columbia</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Memish, Ziad A" sort="Memish, Ziad A" uniqKey="Memish Z" first="Ziad A." last="Memish">Ziad A. Memish</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff006"><addr-line>The College of Medicine, Al faisal University & Prince Mohammed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</addr-line></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olival, Kevin J" sort="Olival, Kevin J" uniqKey="Olival K" first="Kevin J." last="Olival">Kevin J. Olival</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff005"><addr-line>EcoHealth Alliance, New York, New York, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>EcoHealth Alliance, New York, New York</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lipkin, W Ian" sort="Lipkin, W Ian" uniqKey="Lipkin W" first="W. Ian" last="Lipkin">W. Ian Lipkin</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region><settlement type="city">New York</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Columbia</orgName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">30969980</idno><idno type="pmc">6457491</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6457491</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:6457491</idno><idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0214227</idno><date when="2019">2019</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001048</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001048</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">001048</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">001048</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000416</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000416</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">A viral metagenomic survey identifies known and novel mammalian viruses in bats from Saudi Arabia</title><author><name sortKey="Mishra, Nischay" sort="Mishra, Nischay" uniqKey="Mishra N" first="Nischay" last="Mishra">Nischay Mishra</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region><settlement type="city">New York</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Columbia</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fagbo, Shamsudeen F" sort="Fagbo, Shamsudeen F" uniqKey="Fagbo S" first="Shamsudeen F." last="Fagbo">Shamsudeen F. Fagbo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>One Health Unit, Executive Directorate for Surveillance and Response, National Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>One Health Unit, Executive Directorate for Surveillance and Response, National Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alagaili, Abdulaziz N" sort="Alagaili, Abdulaziz N" uniqKey="Alagaili A" first="Abdulaziz N." last="Alagaili">Abdulaziz N. Alagaili</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nitido, Adam" sort="Nitido, Adam" uniqKey="Nitido A" first="Adam" last="Nitido">Adam Nitido</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region><settlement type="city">New York</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Columbia</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Williams, Simon H" sort="Williams, Simon H" uniqKey="Williams S" first="Simon H." last="Williams">Simon H. Williams</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region><settlement type="city">New York</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Columbia</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ng, James" sort="Ng, James" uniqKey="Ng J" first="James" last="Ng">James Ng</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region><settlement type="city">New York</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Columbia</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Bohyun" sort="Lee, Bohyun" uniqKey="Lee B" first="Bohyun" last="Lee">Bohyun Lee</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region><settlement type="city">New York</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Columbia</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Durosinlorun, Abdulkareem" sort="Durosinlorun, Abdulkareem" uniqKey="Durosinlorun A" first="Abdulkareem" last="Durosinlorun">Abdulkareem Durosinlorun</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Kaduna, Nigeria</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Kaduna</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kaduna</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garcia, Joel A" sort="Garcia, Joel A" uniqKey="Garcia J" first="Joel A." last="Garcia">Joel A. Garcia</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region><settlement type="city">New York</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Columbia</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jain, Komal" sort="Jain, Komal" uniqKey="Jain K" first="Komal" last="Jain">Komal Jain</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region><settlement type="city">New York</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Columbia</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kapoor, Vishal" sort="Kapoor, Vishal" uniqKey="Kapoor V" first="Vishal" last="Kapoor">Vishal Kapoor</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region><settlement type="city">New York</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Columbia</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Epstein, Jonathan H" sort="Epstein, Jonathan H" uniqKey="Epstein J" first="Jonathan H." last="Epstein">Jonathan H. Epstein</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff005"><addr-line>EcoHealth Alliance, New York, New York, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>EcoHealth Alliance, New York, New York</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Briese, Thomas" sort="Briese, Thomas" uniqKey="Briese T" first="Thomas" last="Briese">Thomas Briese</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region><settlement type="city">New York</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Columbia</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Memish, Ziad A" sort="Memish, Ziad A" uniqKey="Memish Z" first="Ziad A." last="Memish">Ziad A. Memish</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff006"><addr-line>The College of Medicine, Al faisal University & Prince Mohammed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</addr-line></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olival, Kevin J" sort="Olival, Kevin J" uniqKey="Olival K" first="Kevin J." last="Olival">Kevin J. Olival</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff005"><addr-line>EcoHealth Alliance, New York, New York, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>EcoHealth Alliance, New York, New York</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lipkin, W Ian" sort="Lipkin, W Ian" uniqKey="Lipkin W" first="W. Ian" last="Lipkin">W. Ian Lipkin</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region><settlement type="city">New York</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Columbia</orgName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2019">2019</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Bats are implicated as natural reservoirs for a wide range of zoonotic viruses including SARS and MERS coronaviruses, Ebola, Marburg, Nipah, Hendra, Rabies and other lyssaviruses. Accordingly, many One Health surveillance and viral discovery programs have focused on bats. In this report we present viral metagenomic data from bats collected in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia [KSA]. Unbiased high throughput sequencing of fecal samples from 72 bat individuals comprising four species; lesser mouse-tailed bat (<italic>Rhinopoma hardwickii)</italic>, Egyptian tomb bat <italic>(Taphozous perforatus)</italic>, straw-colored fruit bat <italic>(Eidolon helvum)</italic>, <italic>and</italic> Egyptian fruit bat <italic>(Rousettus aegyptiacus</italic>) revealed molecular evidence of a diverse set of viral families: <italic>Picornaviridae</italic> (hepatovirus, teschovirus, parechovirus), <italic>Reoviridae</italic> (rotavirus), <italic>Polyomaviridae</italic> (polyomavirus), <italic>Papillomaviridae</italic> (papillomavirus), <italic>Astroviridae</italic> (astrovirus), <italic>Caliciviridae</italic> (sapovirus), <italic>Coronaviridae</italic> (coronavirus), <italic>Adenoviridae</italic> (adenovirus), <italic>Paramyxoviridae</italic> (paramyxovirus), and unassigned mononegavirales (chuvirus). Additionally, we discovered a bastro-like virus (Middle East Hepe-Astrovirus), with a genomic organization similar to <italic>Hepeviridae</italic>. However, since it shared homology with <italic>Hepeviridae</italic> and <italic>Astroviridae</italic> at ORF1 and in ORF2, respectively, the newly discovered Hepe-Astrovirus may represent a phylogenetic bridge between <italic>Hepeviridae</italic> and <italic>Astroviridae</italic>.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hoffmaster, E" uniqKey="Hoffmaster E">E Hoffmaster</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vonk, J" uniqKey="Vonk J">J Vonk</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mies, R" uniqKey="Mies R">R Mies</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Vora, Nm" uniqKey="Vora N">NM Vora</name></author><author><name sortKey="Osinubi, M" uniqKey="Osinubi M">M Osinubi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wallace, Rm" uniqKey="Wallace R">RM Wallace</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aman Oloniyo, A" uniqKey="Aman Oloniyo A">A 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">PLoS One</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">PLoS ONE</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">plos</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">plosone</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>PLoS ONE</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1932-6203</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Public Library of Science</publisher-name><publisher-loc>San Francisco, CA USA</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">30969980</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">6457491</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0214227</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">PONE-D-18-27977</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Organisms</subject><subj-group><subject>Eukaryota</subject><subj-group><subject>Animals</subject><subj-group><subject>Vertebrates</subject><subj-group><subject>Amniotes</subject><subj-group><subject>Mammals</subject><subj-group><subject>Bats</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and life sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Organisms</subject><subj-group><subject>Viruses</subject><subj-group><subject>RNA viruses</subject><subj-group><subject>Astroviruses</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Microbiology</subject><subj-group><subject>Medical Microbiology</subject><subj-group><subject>Microbial Pathogens</subject><subj-group><subject>Viral Pathogens</subject><subj-group><subject>Astroviruses</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Pathology and Laboratory Medicine</subject><subj-group><subject>Pathogens</subject><subj-group><subject>Microbial Pathogens</subject><subj-group><subject>Viral Pathogens</subject><subj-group><subject>Astroviruses</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Organisms</subject><subj-group><subject>Viruses</subject><subj-group><subject>Viral Pathogens</subject><subj-group><subject>Astroviruses</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Organisms</subject><subj-group><subject>Eukaryota</subject><subj-group><subject>Animals</subject><subj-group><subject>Vertebrates</subject><subj-group><subject>Amniotes</subject><subj-group><subject>Mammals</subject><subj-group><subject>Bats</subject><subj-group><subject>Fruit Bats</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and life sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Organisms</subject><subj-group><subject>Viruses</subject><subj-group><subject>RNA viruses</subject><subj-group><subject>Reoviruses</subject><subj-group><subject>Rotavirus</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Microbiology</subject><subj-group><subject>Medical Microbiology</subject><subj-group><subject>Microbial Pathogens</subject><subj-group><subject>Viral Pathogens</subject><subj-group><subject>Reoviruses</subject><subj-group><subject>Rotavirus</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Pathology and Laboratory Medicine</subject><subj-group><subject>Pathogens</subject><subj-group><subject>Microbial Pathogens</subject><subj-group><subject>Viral Pathogens</subject><subj-group><subject>Reoviruses</subject><subj-group><subject>Rotavirus</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Organisms</subject><subj-group><subject>Viruses</subject><subj-group><subject>Viral Pathogens</subject><subj-group><subject>Reoviruses</subject><subj-group><subject>Rotavirus</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Evolutionary Biology</subject><subj-group><subject>Evolutionary Systematics</subject><subj-group><subject>Phylogenetics</subject><subj-group><subject>Phylogenetic Analysis</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Taxonomy</subject><subj-group><subject>Evolutionary Systematics</subject><subj-group><subject>Phylogenetics</subject><subj-group><subject>Phylogenetic Analysis</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Computer and Information Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Data Management</subject><subj-group><subject>Taxonomy</subject><subj-group><subject>Evolutionary Systematics</subject><subj-group><subject>Phylogenetics</subject><subj-group><subject>Phylogenetic Analysis</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Genetics</subject><subj-group><subject>Genomics</subject><subj-group><subject>Microbial Genomics</subject><subj-group><subject>Viral Genomics</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Microbiology</subject><subj-group><subject>Microbial Genomics</subject><subj-group><subject>Viral Genomics</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Microbiology</subject><subj-group><subject>Virology</subject><subj-group><subject>Viral Genomics</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Genetics</subject><subj-group><subject>Genomics</subject><subj-group><subject>Animal Genomics</subject><subj-group><subject>Invertebrate Genomics</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and life sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Organisms</subject><subj-group><subject>Viruses</subject><subj-group><subject>DNA viruses</subject><subj-group><subject>Adenoviruses</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Microbiology</subject><subj-group><subject>Medical Microbiology</subject><subj-group><subject>Microbial Pathogens</subject><subj-group><subject>Viral Pathogens</subject><subj-group><subject>Adenoviruses</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Pathology and Laboratory Medicine</subject><subj-group><subject>Pathogens</subject><subj-group><subject>Microbial Pathogens</subject><subj-group><subject>Viral Pathogens</subject><subj-group><subject>Adenoviruses</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Organisms</subject><subj-group><subject>Viruses</subject><subj-group><subject>Viral Pathogens</subject><subj-group><subject>Adenoviruses</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>A viral metagenomic survey identifies known and novel mammalian viruses in bats from Saudi Arabia</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">Virome analysis of Saudi Arabian bats</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" equal-contrib="yes"><contrib-id authenticated="true" contrib-id-type="orcid">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1177-9641</contrib-id><name><surname>Mishra</surname><given-names>Nischay</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Conceptualization</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Data curation</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Formal analysis</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Methodology</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Project administration</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Software</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Supervision</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Validation</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Visualization</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Writing – original draft</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor001">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" equal-contrib="yes"><name><surname>Fagbo</surname><given-names>Shamsudeen F.</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Resources</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Writing – review & editing</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff002"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" equal-contrib="yes"><name><surname>Alagaili</surname><given-names>Abdulaziz N.</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Writing – review & editing</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff003"><sup>3</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Nitido</surname><given-names>Adam</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Formal analysis</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Methodology</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="currentaff001"><sup>¤a</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Williams</surname><given-names>Simon H.</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Formal analysis</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Methodology</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ng</surname><given-names>James</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Formal analysis</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Methodology</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lee</surname><given-names>Bohyun</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Formal analysis</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Durosinlorun</surname><given-names>Abdulkareem</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Resources</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff004"><sup>4</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Garcia</surname><given-names>Joel A.</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Investigation</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Jain</surname><given-names>Komal</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Data curation</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kapoor</surname><given-names>Vishal</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Resources</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Epstein</surname><given-names>Jonathan H.</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Resources</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Writing – review & editing</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff005"><sup>5</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Briese</surname><given-names>Thomas</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Writing – review & editing</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Memish</surname><given-names>Ziad A.</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Resources</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Writing – review & editing</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff006"><sup>6</sup></xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="currentaff002"><sup>¤b</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor001">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Olival</surname><given-names>Kevin J.</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Resources</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Writing – review & editing</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff005"><sup>5</sup></xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="econtrib001"><sup>‡</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lipkin</surname><given-names>W. Ian</given-names></name><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Funding acquisition</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Supervision</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Writing – original draft</role><role content-type="http://credit.casrai.org/">Writing – review & editing</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="econtrib001"><sup>‡</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff001"><label>1</label><addr-line>Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff002"><label>2</label><addr-line>One Health Unit, Executive Directorate for Surveillance and Response, National Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff003"><label>3</label><addr-line>KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff004"><label>4</label><addr-line>Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Kaduna, Nigeria</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff005"><label>5</label><addr-line>EcoHealth Alliance, New York, New York, United States of America</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff006"><label>6</label><addr-line>The College of Medicine, Al faisal University & Prince Mohammed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</addr-line></aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Markotter</surname><given-names>Wanda</given-names></name><role>Editor</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="edit1"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="edit1"><addr-line>University of Pretoria, SOUTH AFRICA</addr-line></aff><author-notes><fn fn-type="COI-statement" id="coi001"><p><bold>Competing Interests: </bold>The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</p></fn><fn fn-type="current-aff" id="currentaff001"><label>¤a</label><p>Current address: AN-Ph.D. Program in Virology, Division of Medical Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America</p></fn><fn fn-type="current-aff" id="currentaff002"><label>¤b</label><p>Current address: Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America</p></fn><fn fn-type="other" id="econtrib001"><p>‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.</p></fn><corresp id="cor001">* E-mail: <email>nm2641@cumc.columbia.edu</email> (NM); <email>memishz@pmah.med.sa</email> (ZAM)</corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>4</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>4</issue><elocation-id>e0214227</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>10</day><month>10</month><year>2018</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>9</day><month>3</month><year>2019</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2019 Mishra et al</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Mishra et al</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution License</ext-link>, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="pone.0214227.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><p>Bats are implicated as natural reservoirs for a wide range of zoonotic viruses including SARS and MERS coronaviruses, Ebola, Marburg, Nipah, Hendra, Rabies and other lyssaviruses. Accordingly, many One Health surveillance and viral discovery programs have focused on bats. In this report we present viral metagenomic data from bats collected in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia [KSA]. Unbiased high throughput sequencing of fecal samples from 72 bat individuals comprising four species; lesser mouse-tailed bat (<italic>Rhinopoma hardwickii)</italic>, Egyptian tomb bat <italic>(Taphozous perforatus)</italic>, straw-colored fruit bat <italic>(Eidolon helvum)</italic>, <italic>and</italic> Egyptian fruit bat <italic>(Rousettus aegyptiacus</italic>) revealed molecular evidence of a diverse set of viral families: <italic>Picornaviridae</italic> (hepatovirus, teschovirus, parechovirus), <italic>Reoviridae</italic> (rotavirus), <italic>Polyomaviridae</italic> (polyomavirus), <italic>Papillomaviridae</italic> (papillomavirus), <italic>Astroviridae</italic> (astrovirus), <italic>Caliciviridae</italic> (sapovirus), <italic>Coronaviridae</italic> (coronavirus), <italic>Adenoviridae</italic> (adenovirus), <italic>Paramyxoviridae</italic> (paramyxovirus), and unassigned mononegavirales (chuvirus). Additionally, we discovered a bastro-like virus (Middle East Hepe-Astrovirus), with a genomic organization similar to <italic>Hepeviridae</italic>. However, since it shared homology with <italic>Hepeviridae</italic> and <italic>Astroviridae</italic> at ORF1 and in ORF2, respectively, the newly discovered Hepe-Astrovirus may represent a phylogenetic bridge between <italic>Hepeviridae</italic> and <italic>Astroviridae</italic>.</p></abstract><funding-group><award-group id="award001"><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="funder-id">http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000060</institution-id><institution>National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>U19AI109761</award-id><principal-award-recipient><name><surname>Lipkin</surname><given-names>W. Ian</given-names></name></principal-award-recipient></award-group><award-group id="award002"><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="funder-id">http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000200</institution-id><institution>United States Agency for International Development</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>GG008421</award-id><principal-award-recipient><name><surname>Lipkin</surname><given-names>W. Ian</given-names></name></principal-award-recipient></award-group><funding-statement>Work in the Center for Infection and Immunity and EcoHealth Alliance was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (Center for Research in Diagnostics and Discovery, U19AI109761), and the US Agency for International Development (PREDICT, GG008421).</funding-statement></funding-group><counts><fig-count count="7"></fig-count><table-count count="2"></table-count><page-count count="22"></page-count></counts><custom-meta-group><custom-meta id="data-availability"><meta-name>Data Availability</meta-name><meta-value>All relevant data are within the manuscript, Supporting Information files, and submitted in NCBI public repository. The high throughput sequencing data is submitted in NCBI SRA public access database (SRA# SRP158542, accession #: SRX4590438-SRX4590509, <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra/?term=SRP158542">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra/?term=SRP158542</ext-link>).</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta><notes><title>Data Availability</title><p>All relevant data are within the manuscript, Supporting Information files, and submitted in NCBI public repository. The high throughput sequencing data is submitted in NCBI SRA public access database (SRA# SRP158542, accession #: SRX4590438-SRX4590509, <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra/?term=SRP158542">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra/?term=SRP158542</ext-link>).</p></notes></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Arabie saoudite</li><li>Nigeria</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>État de New York</li></region><settlement><li>New York</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université Columbia</li></orgName></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Memish, Ziad A" sort="Memish, Ziad A" uniqKey="Memish Z" first="Ziad A." last="Memish">Ziad A. Memish</name></noCountry><country name="États-Unis"><region name="État de New York"><name sortKey="Mishra, Nischay" sort="Mishra, Nischay" uniqKey="Mishra N" first="Nischay" last="Mishra">Nischay Mishra</name></region><name sortKey="Briese, Thomas" sort="Briese, Thomas" uniqKey="Briese T" first="Thomas" last="Briese">Thomas Briese</name><name sortKey="Epstein, Jonathan H" sort="Epstein, Jonathan H" uniqKey="Epstein J" first="Jonathan H." last="Epstein">Jonathan H. Epstein</name><name sortKey="Garcia, Joel A" sort="Garcia, Joel A" uniqKey="Garcia J" first="Joel A." last="Garcia">Joel A. Garcia</name><name sortKey="Jain, Komal" sort="Jain, Komal" uniqKey="Jain K" first="Komal" last="Jain">Komal Jain</name><name sortKey="Kapoor, Vishal" sort="Kapoor, Vishal" uniqKey="Kapoor V" first="Vishal" last="Kapoor">Vishal Kapoor</name><name sortKey="Lee, Bohyun" sort="Lee, Bohyun" uniqKey="Lee B" first="Bohyun" last="Lee">Bohyun Lee</name><name sortKey="Lipkin, W Ian" sort="Lipkin, W Ian" uniqKey="Lipkin W" first="W. Ian" last="Lipkin">W. Ian Lipkin</name><name sortKey="Ng, James" sort="Ng, James" uniqKey="Ng J" first="James" last="Ng">James Ng</name><name sortKey="Nitido, Adam" sort="Nitido, Adam" uniqKey="Nitido A" first="Adam" last="Nitido">Adam Nitido</name><name sortKey="Olival, Kevin J" sort="Olival, Kevin J" uniqKey="Olival K" first="Kevin J." last="Olival">Kevin J. Olival</name><name sortKey="Williams, Simon H" sort="Williams, Simon H" uniqKey="Williams S" first="Simon H." last="Williams">Simon H. Williams</name></country><country name="Arabie saoudite"><noRegion><name sortKey="Fagbo, Shamsudeen F" sort="Fagbo, Shamsudeen F" uniqKey="Fagbo S" first="Shamsudeen F." last="Fagbo">Shamsudeen F. Fagbo</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Alagaili, Abdulaziz N" sort="Alagaili, Abdulaziz N" uniqKey="Alagaili A" first="Abdulaziz N." last="Alagaili">Abdulaziz N. Alagaili</name></country><country name="Nigeria"><noRegion><name sortKey="Durosinlorun, Abdulkareem" sort="Durosinlorun, Abdulkareem" uniqKey="Durosinlorun A" first="Abdulkareem" last="Durosinlorun">Abdulkareem Durosinlorun</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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