Airflow analysis of Pyeongtaek St Mary's Hospital during hospitalization of the first Middle East respiratory syndrome patient in Korea
Identifieur interne : 002206 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 002205; suivant : 002207Airflow analysis of Pyeongtaek St Mary's Hospital during hospitalization of the first Middle East respiratory syndrome patient in Korea
Auteurs : Seongmin Jo [Corée du Sud] ; Jinkwan Hong [Corée du Sud] ; Sang-Eun Lee [Corée du Sud] ; Moran Ki [Corée du Sud] ; Bo Youl Choi [Corée du Sud] ; Minki Sung [Corée du Sud]Source :
- Royal Society Open Science [ 2054-5703 ] ; 2019.
Abstract
Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is known to be transmitted through close contact. However, epidemiological surveys of MERS in Korea indicated that some secondary patients were infected without close contact. Therefore, the possibility of other transmission routes must be identified. In this study, the possibility of MERS spreading through airflow was investigated on the eighth floor of Pyeongtaek St Mary's Hospital. Computational fluid dynamics was used to analyse the indoor airflow and passive tracer diffusion during the index patient's stay. Six cases were simulated for different outdoor wind directions and indoor mechanical ventilation operations. When a passive tracer was released in ward 8104, where the index patient was hospitalized, the passive tracer spread through the indoor airflow, which was created by the outdoor airflow. Ward 8109, which had the largest number of infected cases and was far distant from ward 8104, showed passive tracer concentration in all cases. This result indicates that MERS may have spread through airflow. The study results do not imply that the infection pathway of MERS is airborne. However, the results show the possibility of MERS spreading through airflow in specific environments such as poor ventilation environments.
Url:
DOI: 10.1098/rsos.181164
PubMed: 31031996
PubMed Central: 6458380
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is known to be transmitted through close contact. However, epidemiological surveys of MERS in Korea indicated that some secondary patients were infected without close contact. Therefore, the possibility of other transmission routes must be identified. In this study, the possibility of MERS spreading through airflow was investigated on the eighth floor of Pyeongtaek St Mary's Hospital. Computational fluid dynamics was used to analyse the indoor airflow and passive tracer diffusion during the index patient's stay. Six cases were simulated for different outdoor wind directions and indoor mechanical ventilation operations. When a passive tracer was released in ward 8104, where the index patient was hospitalized, the passive tracer spread through the indoor airflow, which was created by the outdoor airflow. Ward 8109, which had the largest number of infected cases and was far distant from ward 8104, showed passive tracer concentration in all cases. This result indicates that MERS may have spread through airflow. The study results do not imply that the infection pathway of MERS is airborne. However, the results show the possibility of MERS spreading through airflow in specific environments such as poor ventilation environments.</p>
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</TEI>
<double pmid="31031996"><pmc><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Airflow analysis of Pyeongtaek St Mary's Hospital during hospitalization of the first Middle East respiratory syndrome patient in Korea</title>
<author><name sortKey="Jo, Seongmin" sort="Jo, Seongmin" uniqKey="Jo S" first="Seongmin" last="Jo">Seongmin Jo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1"><institution>Department of Architectural Engineering, Sejong University</institution>
,<addr-line>Seoul</addr-line>
,<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hong, Jinkwan" sort="Hong, Jinkwan" uniqKey="Hong J" first="Jinkwan" last="Hong">Jinkwan Hong</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af2"><institution>Department of HVAC and Firefighting Engineering, Gachon University</institution>
,<addr-line>Gyeonggi-do</addr-line>
,<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lee, Sang Eun" sort="Lee, Sang Eun" uniqKey="Lee S" first="Sang-Eun" last="Lee">Sang-Eun Lee</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af3"><institution>Division of Vectors and Parasitic Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</institution>
,<addr-line>Cheongju</addr-line>
,<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ki, Moran" sort="Ki, Moran" uniqKey="Ki M" first="Moran" last="Ki">Moran Ki</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af4"><institution>Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center</institution>
,<addr-line>Goyang</addr-line>
,<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Choi, Bo Youl" sort="Choi, Bo Youl" uniqKey="Choi B" first="Bo Youl" last="Choi">Bo Youl Choi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af5"><institution>Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University Medical College</institution>
,<addr-line>Seoul</addr-line>
,<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sung, Minki" sort="Sung, Minki" uniqKey="Sung M" first="Minki" last="Sung">Minki Sung</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1"><institution>Department of Architectural Engineering, Sejong University</institution>
,<addr-line>Seoul</addr-line>
,<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">31031996</idno>
<idno type="pmc">6458380</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6458380</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:6458380</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1098/rsos.181164</idno>
<date when="2019">2019</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001132</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001132</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">001132</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">001132</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000404</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000404</idno>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Airflow analysis of Pyeongtaek St Mary's Hospital during hospitalization of the first Middle East respiratory syndrome patient in Korea</title>
<author><name sortKey="Jo, Seongmin" sort="Jo, Seongmin" uniqKey="Jo S" first="Seongmin" last="Jo">Seongmin Jo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1"><institution>Department of Architectural Engineering, Sejong University</institution>
,<addr-line>Seoul</addr-line>
,<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hong, Jinkwan" sort="Hong, Jinkwan" uniqKey="Hong J" first="Jinkwan" last="Hong">Jinkwan Hong</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af2"><institution>Department of HVAC and Firefighting Engineering, Gachon University</institution>
,<addr-line>Gyeonggi-do</addr-line>
,<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lee, Sang Eun" sort="Lee, Sang Eun" uniqKey="Lee S" first="Sang-Eun" last="Lee">Sang-Eun Lee</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af3"><institution>Division of Vectors and Parasitic Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</institution>
,<addr-line>Cheongju</addr-line>
,<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ki, Moran" sort="Ki, Moran" uniqKey="Ki M" first="Moran" last="Ki">Moran Ki</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af4"><institution>Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center</institution>
,<addr-line>Goyang</addr-line>
,<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Choi, Bo Youl" sort="Choi, Bo Youl" uniqKey="Choi B" first="Bo Youl" last="Choi">Bo Youl Choi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af5"><institution>Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University Medical College</institution>
,<addr-line>Seoul</addr-line>
,<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sung, Minki" sort="Sung, Minki" uniqKey="Sung M" first="Minki" last="Sung">Minki Sung</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1"><institution>Department of Architectural Engineering, Sejong University</institution>
,<addr-line>Seoul</addr-line>
,<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Royal Society Open Science</title>
<idno type="eISSN">2054-5703</idno>
<imprint><date when="2019">2019</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
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<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is known to be transmitted through close contact. However, epidemiological surveys of MERS in Korea indicated that some secondary patients were infected without close contact. Therefore, the possibility of other transmission routes must be identified. In this study, the possibility of MERS spreading through airflow was investigated on the eighth floor of Pyeongtaek St Mary's Hospital. Computational fluid dynamics was used to analyse the indoor airflow and passive tracer diffusion during the index patient's stay. Six cases were simulated for different outdoor wind directions and indoor mechanical ventilation operations. When a passive tracer was released in ward 8104, where the index patient was hospitalized, the passive tracer spread through the indoor airflow, which was created by the outdoor airflow. Ward 8109, which had the largest number of infected cases and was far distant from ward 8104, showed passive tracer concentration in all cases. This result indicates that MERS may have spread through airflow. The study results do not imply that the infection pathway of MERS is airborne. However, the results show the possibility of MERS spreading through airflow in specific environments such as poor ventilation environments.</p>
</div>
</front>
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<pubmed><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Airflow analysis of Pyeongtaek St Mary's Hospital during hospitalization of the first Middle East respiratory syndrome patient in Korea.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Jo, Seongmin" sort="Jo, Seongmin" uniqKey="Jo S" first="Seongmin" last="Jo">Seongmin Jo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Architectural Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Architectural Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Séoul</settlement>
<region type="capital">Région capitale de Séoul</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hong, Jinkwan" sort="Hong, Jinkwan" uniqKey="Hong J" first="Jinkwan" last="Hong">Jinkwan Hong</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of HVAC and Firefighting Engineering, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of HVAC and Firefighting Engineering, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Gyeonggi-do</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lee, Sang Eun" sort="Lee, Sang Eun" uniqKey="Lee S" first="Sang-Eun" last="Lee">Sang-Eun Lee</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Vectors and Parasitic Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Vectors and Parasitic Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cheongju</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ki, Moran" sort="Ki, Moran" uniqKey="Ki M" first="Moran" last="Ki">Moran Ki</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Goyang</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Choi, Bo Youl" sort="Choi, Bo Youl" uniqKey="Choi B" first="Bo Youl" last="Choi">Bo Youl Choi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University Medical College, Seoul, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University Medical College, Seoul</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Séoul</settlement>
<region type="capital">Région capitale de Séoul</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sung, Minki" sort="Sung, Minki" uniqKey="Sung M" first="Minki" last="Sung">Minki Sung</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Architectural Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Architectural Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Séoul</settlement>
<region type="capital">Région capitale de Séoul</region>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Airflow analysis of Pyeongtaek St Mary's Hospital during hospitalization of the first Middle East respiratory syndrome patient in Korea.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Jo, Seongmin" sort="Jo, Seongmin" uniqKey="Jo S" first="Seongmin" last="Jo">Seongmin Jo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Architectural Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Architectural Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Séoul</settlement>
<region type="capital">Région capitale de Séoul</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hong, Jinkwan" sort="Hong, Jinkwan" uniqKey="Hong J" first="Jinkwan" last="Hong">Jinkwan Hong</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of HVAC and Firefighting Engineering, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of HVAC and Firefighting Engineering, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Gyeonggi-do</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lee, Sang Eun" sort="Lee, Sang Eun" uniqKey="Lee S" first="Sang-Eun" last="Lee">Sang-Eun Lee</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Vectors and Parasitic Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Vectors and Parasitic Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cheongju</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ki, Moran" sort="Ki, Moran" uniqKey="Ki M" first="Moran" last="Ki">Moran Ki</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Goyang</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Choi, Bo Youl" sort="Choi, Bo Youl" uniqKey="Choi B" first="Bo Youl" last="Choi">Bo Youl Choi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University Medical College, Seoul, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University Medical College, Seoul</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Séoul</settlement>
<region type="capital">Région capitale de Séoul</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sung, Minki" sort="Sung, Minki" uniqKey="Sung M" first="Minki" last="Sung">Minki Sung</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Architectural Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Architectural Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Séoul</settlement>
<region type="capital">Région capitale de Séoul</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Royal Society open science</title>
<idno type="ISSN">2054-5703</idno>
<imprint><date when="2019" type="published">2019</date>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is known to be transmitted through close contact. However, epidemiological surveys of MERS in Korea indicated that some secondary patients were infected without close contact. Therefore, the possibility of other transmission routes must be identified. In this study, the possibility of MERS spreading through airflow was investigated on the eighth floor of Pyeongtaek St Mary's Hospital. Computational fluid dynamics was used to analyse the indoor airflow and passive tracer diffusion during the index patient's stay. Six cases were simulated for different outdoor wind directions and indoor mechanical ventilation operations. When a passive tracer was released in ward 8104, where the index patient was hospitalized, the passive tracer spread through the indoor airflow, which was created by the outdoor airflow. Ward 8109, which had the largest number of infected cases and was far distant from ward 8104, showed passive tracer concentration in all cases. This result indicates that MERS may have spread through airflow. The study results do not imply that the infection pathway of MERS is airborne. However, the results show the possibility of MERS spreading through airflow in specific environments such as poor ventilation environments.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
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