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Molecular pathology of emerging coronavirus infections

Identifieur interne : 000F13 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 000F12; suivant : 000F14

Molecular pathology of emerging coronavirus infections

Auteurs : Lisa E. Gralinski [États-Unis] ; Ralph S. Baric [États-Unis]

Source :

RBID : PMC:4267971

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

Abstract

Respiratory viruses can cause a wide spectrum of pulmonary diseases, ranging from mild, upper respiratory tract infections to severe and life-threatening lower respiratory tract infections, including the development of acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Viral clearance and subsequent recovery from infection require activation of an effective host immune response; however, many immune effector cells may also cause injury to host tissues. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus cause severe infection of the lower respiratory tract, with 10% and 35% overall mortality rates, respectively; however, >50% mortality rates are seen in the aged and immunosuppressed populations. While these viruses are susceptible to interferon treatment in vitro, they both encode numerous genes that allow for successful evasion of the host immune system until after high virus titres have been achieved. In this review, we discuss the importance of the innate immune response and the development of lung pathology following human coronavirus infection.


Url:
DOI: 10.1002/path.4454
PubMed: 25270030
PubMed Central: 4267971

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PMC:4267971

Le document en format XML

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<p>Respiratory viruses can cause a wide spectrum of pulmonary diseases, ranging from mild, upper respiratory tract infections to severe and life-threatening lower respiratory tract infections, including the development of acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Viral clearance and subsequent recovery from infection require activation of an effective host immune response; however, many immune effector cells may also cause injury to host tissues. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus cause severe infection of the lower respiratory tract, with 10% and 35% overall mortality rates, respectively; however, >50% mortality rates are seen in the aged and immunosuppressed populations. While these viruses are susceptible to interferon treatment
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<institution>Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina</institution>
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<institution>Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina</institution>
<addr-line>Chapel Hill, NC, USA</addr-line>
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<institution>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina</institution>
<addr-line>Chapel Hill, NC, USA</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
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<idno type="doi">10.1002/path.4454</idno>
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<title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Molecular pathology of emerging coronavirus infections</title>
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<name sortKey="Gralinski, Lisa E" sort="Gralinski, Lisa E" uniqKey="Gralinski L" first="Lisa E" last="Gralinski">Lisa E. Gralinski</name>
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<nlm:aff id="au1">
<institution>Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina</institution>
<addr-line>Chapel Hill, NC, USA</addr-line>
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<author>
<name sortKey="Baric, Ralph S" sort="Baric, Ralph S" uniqKey="Baric R" first="Ralph S" last="Baric">Ralph S. Baric</name>
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<institution>Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina</institution>
<addr-line>Chapel Hill, NC, USA</addr-line>
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<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Chapel Hill, NC</wicri:regionArea>
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<region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region>
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<nlm:aff id="au2">
<institution>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina</institution>
<addr-line>Chapel Hill, NC, USA</addr-line>
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<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
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<title level="j">The Journal of Pathology</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0022-3417</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1096-9896</idno>
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<date when="2014">2014</date>
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<p>Respiratory viruses can cause a wide spectrum of pulmonary diseases, ranging from mild, upper respiratory tract infections to severe and life-threatening lower respiratory tract infections, including the development of acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Viral clearance and subsequent recovery from infection require activation of an effective host immune response; however, many immune effector cells may also cause injury to host tissues. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus cause severe infection of the lower respiratory tract, with 10% and 35% overall mortality rates, respectively; however, >50% mortality rates are seen in the aged and immunosuppressed populations. While these viruses are susceptible to interferon treatment
<italic>in vitro</italic>
, they both encode numerous genes that allow for successful evasion of the host immune system until after high virus titres have been achieved. In this review, we discuss the importance of the innate immune response and the development of lung pathology following human coronavirus infection.</p>
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<term>Coronavirus (drug effects)</term>
<term>Coronavirus (immunology)</term>
<term>Coronavirus (isolation & purification)</term>
<term>Coronavirus (pathogenicity)</term>
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<term>Coronavirus Infections (immunology)</term>
<term>Coronavirus Infections (pathology)</term>
<term>Coronavirus Infections (virology)</term>
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<term>Immunity, Innate</term>
<term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (isolation & purification)</term>
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<term>Respiratory System (immunology)</term>
<term>Respiratory System (pathology)</term>
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</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathology" xml:lang="en">
<term>Coronavirus Infections</term>
<term>Respiratory System</term>
<term>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="traitement médicamenteux" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Infections à coronavirus</term>
<term>Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="usage thérapeutique" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Antiviraux</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virologie" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Appareil respiratoire</term>
<term>Infections à coronavirus</term>
<term>Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en">
<term>Coronavirus Infections</term>
<term>Respiratory System</term>
<term>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en">
<term>Animals</term>
<term>Biopsy</term>
<term>Communicable Diseases, Emerging</term>
<term>Host-Pathogen Interactions</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Immunity, Innate</term>
<term>Predictive Value of Tests</term>
<term>Risk Factors</term>
<term>Virulence</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Anatomopathologie moléculaire</term>
<term>Animaux</term>
<term>Appareil respiratoire</term>
<term>Biopsie</term>
<term>Coronavirus</term>
<term>Facteurs de risque</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Immunité innée</term>
<term>Interactions hôte-pathogène</term>
<term>Maladies transmissibles émergentes</term>
<term>Valeur prédictive des tests</term>
<term>Virologie</term>
<term>Virulence</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Respiratory viruses can cause a wide spectrum of pulmonary diseases, ranging from mild, upper respiratory tract infections to severe and life-threatening lower respiratory tract infections, including the development of acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Viral clearance and subsequent recovery from infection require activation of an effective host immune response; however, many immune effector cells may also cause injury to host tissues. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus cause severe infection of the lower respiratory tract, with 10% and 35% overall mortality rates, respectively; however, >50% mortality rates are seen in the aged and immunosuppressed populations. While these viruses are susceptible to interferon treatment in vitro, they both encode numerous genes that allow for successful evasion of the host immune system until after high virus titres have been achieved. In this review, we discuss the importance of the innate immune response and the development of lung pathology following human coronavirus infection.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
</pubmed>
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