Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus neutralising serum antibodies in dromedary camels: a comparative serological study
Identifieur interne : 000B10 ( Ncbi/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000B09; suivant : 000B11Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus neutralising serum antibodies in dromedary camels: a comparative serological study
Auteurs : Chantal Bem Reusken [Pays-Bas] ; Bart L. Haagmans [Pays-Bas] ; Marcel A. Müller [Allemagne] ; Carlos Gutierrez [Espagne] ; Gert-Jan Godeke [Pays-Bas] ; Benjamin Meyer [Allemagne] ; Doreen Muth [Allemagne] ; V Stalin Raj [Pays-Bas] ; Laura Smits-De Vries [Pays-Bas] ; Victor M. Corman [Allemagne] ; Jan-Felix Drexler [Allemagne] ; Saskia L. Smits [Pays-Bas] ; Yasmin E. El Tahir [Oman] ; Rita De Sousa [Pays-Bas, Suède] ; Janko Van Beek [Pays-Bas] ; Norbert Nowotny [Oman, Autriche] ; Kees Van Maanen [Pays-Bas] ; Ezequiel Hidalgo-Hermoso [Chili] ; Berend-Jan Bosch [Pays-Bas] ; Peter Rottier [Pays-Bas] ; Albert Osterhaus [Pays-Bas] ; Christian Gortázar-Schmidt [Espagne] ; Christian Drosten [Allemagne] ; Marion Pg Koopmans [Pays-Bas]Source :
- The Lancet. Infectious Diseases [ 1473-3099 ] ; 2013.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
- immunologie : Coronavirus.
- sang : Anticorps antiviraux, Anticorps neutralisants, Bovins, Camélidés du Nouveau Monde, Capra, Chameaux, Immunoglobuline G, Ovis.
- Animaux, Coronavirus, Femelle, Humains, Mâle.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical , blood : Antibodies, Neutralizing, Antibodies, Viral, Immunoglobulin G.
- blood : Camelids, New World, Camelus, Cattle, Goats, Sheep.
- classification : Coronavirus.
- immunology : Coronavirus.
- Animals, Female, Humans, Male.
Abstract
A new betacoronavirus—Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV)—has been identified in patients with severe acute respiratory infection. Although related viruses infect bats, molecular clock analyses have been unable to identify direct ancestors of MERS-CoV. Anecdotal exposure histories suggest that patients had been in contact with dromedary camels or goats. We investigated possible animal reservoirs of MERS-CoV by assessing specific serum antibodies in livestock.
We took sera from animals in the Middle East (Oman) and from elsewhere (Spain, Netherlands, Chile). Cattle (n=80), sheep (n=40), goats (n=40), dromedary camels (n=155), and various other camelid species (n=34) were tested for specific serum IgG by protein microarray using the receptor-binding S1 subunits of spike proteins of MERS-CoV, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, and human coronavirus OC43. Results were confirmed by virus neutralisation tests for MERS-CoV and bovine coronavirus.
50 of 50 (100%) sera from Omani camels and 15 of 105 (14%) from Spanish camels had protein-specific antibodies against MERS-CoV spike. Sera from European sheep, goats, cattle, and other camelids had no such antibodies. MERS-CoV neutralising antibody titres varied between 1/320 and 1/2560 for the Omani camel sera and between 1/20 and 1/320 for the Spanish camel sera. There was no evidence for cross-neutralisation by bovine coronavirus antibodies.
MERS-CoV or a related virus has infected camel populations. Both titres and seroprevalences in sera from different locations in Oman suggest widespread infection.
European Union, European Centre For Disease Prevention and Control, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70164-6
PubMed: 23933067
PubMed Central: 7106530
Affiliations:
- Allemagne, Autriche, Chili, Espagne, Oman, Pays-Bas, Suède
- District de Cologne, Hollande-Méridionale, Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie, Svealand, Utrecht (province), Vienne (Autriche)
- Bonn, Rotterdam, Stockholm, Utrecht, Vienne (Autriche)
- Université d'Utrecht
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Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country><wicri:regionArea>Viral Zoonoses, Emerging and Vector-Borne Infections Group, Institute of Virology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Vienne (Autriche)</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Vienne (Autriche)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Maanen, Kees" sort="Van Maanen, Kees" uniqKey="Van Maanen K" first="Kees" last="Van Maanen">Kees Van Maanen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff10">Animal Health Service, Deventer, Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Animal Health Service, Deventer</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Deventer</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hidalgo Hermoso, Ezequiel" sort="Hidalgo Hermoso, Ezequiel" uniqKey="Hidalgo Hermoso E" first="Ezequiel" last="Hidalgo-Hermoso">Ezequiel Hidalgo-Hermoso</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff11">Department of Conservation and Research, Parque Zoologico Buin Zoo, Buin, Chile</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Chili</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Conservation and Research, Parque Zoologico Buin Zoo, Buin</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Buin</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bosch, Berend Jan" sort="Bosch, Berend Jan" uniqKey="Bosch B" first="Berend-Jan" last="Bosch">Berend-Jan Bosch</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff5">Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht, Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Utrecht</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Utrecht (province)</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Utrecht</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rottier, Peter" sort="Rottier, Peter" uniqKey="Rottier P" first="Peter" last="Rottier">Peter Rottier</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff5">Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht, Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Utrecht</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Utrecht (province)</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Utrecht</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Osterhaus, Albert" sort="Osterhaus, Albert" uniqKey="Osterhaus A" first="Albert" last="Osterhaus">Albert Osterhaus</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff13">Viroclinics Biosciences BV, Rotterdam, Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Viroclinics Biosciences BV, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gortazar Schmidt, Christian" sort="Gortazar Schmidt, Christian" uniqKey="Gortazar Schmidt C" first="Christian" last="Gortázar-Schmidt">Christian Gortázar-Schmidt</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff12">SaBio-IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ciudad Real, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>SaBio-IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ciudad Real</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ciudad Real</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Drosten, Christian" sort="Drosten, Christian" uniqKey="Drosten C" first="Christian" last="Drosten">Christian Drosten</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Koopmans, Marion Pg" sort="Koopmans, Marion Pg" uniqKey="Koopmans M" first="Marion Pg" last="Koopmans">Marion Pg Koopmans</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Diagnostics and Screening, Division Virology, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Diagnostics and Screening, Division Virology, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bilthoven</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" 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Virology, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Diagnostics and Screening, Division Virology, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bilthoven</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Haagmans, Bart L" sort="Haagmans, Bart L" uniqKey="Haagmans B" first="Bart L" last="Haagmans">Bart L. Haagmans</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muller, Marcel A" sort="Muller, Marcel A" uniqKey="Muller M" first="Marcel A" last="Müller">Marcel A. Müller</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gutierrez, Carlos" sort="Gutierrez, Carlos" uniqKey="Gutierrez C" first="Carlos" last="Gutierrez">Carlos Gutierrez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4">Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Canary Islands</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Canary Islands</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Godeke, Gert Jan" sort="Godeke, Gert Jan" uniqKey="Godeke G" first="Gert-Jan" last="Godeke">Gert-Jan Godeke</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Diagnostics and Screening, Division Virology, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Diagnostics and Screening, Division Virology, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bilthoven</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Meyer, Benjamin" sort="Meyer, Benjamin" uniqKey="Meyer B" first="Benjamin" last="Meyer">Benjamin Meyer</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muth, Doreen" sort="Muth, Doreen" uniqKey="Muth D" first="Doreen" last="Muth">Doreen Muth</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Raj, V Stalin" sort="Raj, V Stalin" uniqKey="Raj V" first="V Stalin" last="Raj">V Stalin Raj</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vries, Laura Smits De" sort="Vries, Laura Smits De" uniqKey="Vries L" first="Laura Smits-De" last="Vries">Laura Smits-De Vries</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff5">Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht, Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Utrecht</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Utrecht (province)</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Utrecht</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Corman, Victor M" sort="Corman, Victor M" uniqKey="Corman V" first="Victor M" last="Corman">Victor M. Corman</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Drexler, Jan Felix" sort="Drexler, Jan Felix" uniqKey="Drexler J" first="Jan-Felix" last="Drexler">Jan-Felix Drexler</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smits, Saskia L" sort="Smits, Saskia L" uniqKey="Smits S" first="Saskia L" last="Smits">Saskia L. Smits</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff13">Viroclinics Biosciences BV, Rotterdam, Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Viroclinics Biosciences BV, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="El Tahir, Yasmin E" sort="El Tahir, Yasmin E" uniqKey="El Tahir Y" first="Yasmin E" last="El Tahir">Yasmin E. El Tahir</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6">Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Oman</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Muscat</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Sousa, Rita" sort="De Sousa, Rita" uniqKey="De Sousa R" first="Rita" last="De Sousa">Rita De Sousa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Diagnostics and Screening, Division Virology, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Diagnostics and Screening, Division Virology, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bilthoven</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff8">The European Programme for Public Health Microbiology Training, European Center for Disease Control, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>The European Programme for Public Health Microbiology Training, European Center for Disease Control, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Stockholm</settlement><region nuts="2">Svealand</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Beek, Janko" sort="Van Beek, Janko" uniqKey="Van Beek J" first="Janko" last="Van Beek">Janko Van Beek</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Diagnostics and Screening, Division Virology, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Diagnostics and Screening, Division Virology, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bilthoven</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nowotny, Norbert" sort="Nowotny, Norbert" uniqKey="Nowotny N" first="Norbert" last="Nowotny">Norbert Nowotny</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff7">Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Oman</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Muscat</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff9">Viral Zoonoses, Emerging and Vector-Borne Infections Group, Institute of Virology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country><wicri:regionArea>Viral Zoonoses, Emerging and Vector-Borne Infections Group, Institute of Virology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Vienne (Autriche)</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Vienne (Autriche)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Maanen, Kees" sort="Van Maanen, Kees" uniqKey="Van Maanen K" first="Kees" last="Van Maanen">Kees Van Maanen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff10">Animal Health Service, Deventer, Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Animal Health Service, Deventer</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Deventer</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hidalgo Hermoso, Ezequiel" sort="Hidalgo Hermoso, Ezequiel" uniqKey="Hidalgo Hermoso E" first="Ezequiel" last="Hidalgo-Hermoso">Ezequiel Hidalgo-Hermoso</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff11">Department of Conservation and Research, Parque Zoologico Buin Zoo, Buin, Chile</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Chili</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Conservation and Research, Parque Zoologico Buin Zoo, Buin</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Buin</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bosch, Berend Jan" sort="Bosch, Berend Jan" uniqKey="Bosch B" first="Berend-Jan" last="Bosch">Berend-Jan Bosch</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff5">Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht, Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Utrecht</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Utrecht (province)</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Utrecht</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rottier, Peter" sort="Rottier, Peter" uniqKey="Rottier P" first="Peter" last="Rottier">Peter Rottier</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff5">Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht, Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Utrecht</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Utrecht (province)</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Utrecht</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Osterhaus, Albert" sort="Osterhaus, Albert" uniqKey="Osterhaus A" first="Albert" last="Osterhaus">Albert Osterhaus</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff13">Viroclinics Biosciences BV, Rotterdam, Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Viroclinics Biosciences BV, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gortazar Schmidt, Christian" sort="Gortazar Schmidt, Christian" uniqKey="Gortazar Schmidt C" first="Christian" last="Gortázar-Schmidt">Christian Gortázar-Schmidt</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff12">SaBio-IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ciudad Real, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>SaBio-IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ciudad Real</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ciudad Real</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Drosten, Christian" sort="Drosten, Christian" uniqKey="Drosten C" first="Christian" last="Drosten">Christian Drosten</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Koopmans, Marion Pg" sort="Koopmans, Marion Pg" uniqKey="Koopmans M" first="Marion Pg" last="Koopmans">Marion Pg Koopmans</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Diagnostics and Screening, Division Virology, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Diagnostics and Screening, Division Virology, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bilthoven</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The Lancet. Infectious Diseases</title><idno type="ISSN">1473-3099</idno><idno type="eISSN">1474-4457</idno><imprint><date when="2013">2013</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Antibodies, Neutralizing (blood)</term><term>Antibodies, Viral (blood)</term><term>Camelids, New World (blood)</term><term>Camelus (blood)</term><term>Cattle (blood)</term><term>Coronavirus (classification)</term><term>Coronavirus (immunology)</term><term>Female</term><term>Goats (blood)</term><term>Humans</term><term>Immunoglobulin G (blood)</term><term>Male</term><term>Sheep (blood)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term><term>Anticorps antiviraux (sang)</term><term>Anticorps neutralisants (sang)</term><term>Bovins (sang)</term><term>Camélidés du Nouveau Monde (sang)</term><term>Capra (sang)</term><term>Chameaux (sang)</term><term>Coronavirus ()</term><term>Coronavirus (immunologie)</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Immunoglobuline G (sang)</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Ovis (sang)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="blood" xml:lang="en"><term>Antibodies, Neutralizing</term><term>Antibodies, Viral</term><term>Immunoglobulin G</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="blood" xml:lang="en"><term>Camelids, New World</term><term>Camelus</term><term>Cattle</term><term>Goats</term><term>Sheep</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="classification" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Coronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="sang" xml:lang="fr"><term>Anticorps antiviraux</term><term>Anticorps neutralisants</term><term>Bovins</term><term>Camélidés du Nouveau Monde</term><term>Capra</term><term>Chameaux</term><term>Immunoglobuline G</term><term>Ovis</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term><term>Coronavirus</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Mâle</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>Summary</title><sec><title>Background</title><p>A new betacoronavirus—Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV)—has been identified in patients with severe acute respiratory infection. Although related viruses infect bats, molecular clock analyses have been unable to identify direct ancestors of MERS-CoV. Anecdotal exposure histories suggest that patients had been in contact with dromedary camels or goats. We investigated possible animal reservoirs of MERS-CoV by assessing specific serum antibodies in livestock.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>We took sera from animals in the Middle East (Oman) and from elsewhere (Spain, Netherlands, Chile). Cattle (n=80), sheep (n=40), goats (n=40), dromedary camels (n=155), and various other camelid species (n=34) were tested for specific serum IgG by protein microarray using the receptor-binding S1 subunits of spike proteins of MERS-CoV, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, and human coronavirus OC43. Results were confirmed by virus neutralisation tests for MERS-CoV and bovine coronavirus.</p></sec><sec><title>Findings</title><p>50 of 50 (100%) sera from Omani camels and 15 of 105 (14%) from Spanish camels had protein-specific antibodies against MERS-CoV spike. Sera from European sheep, goats, cattle, and other camelids had no such antibodies. MERS-CoV neutralising antibody titres varied between 1/320 and 1/2560 for the Omani camel sera and between 1/20 and 1/320 for the Spanish camel sera. There was no evidence for cross-neutralisation by bovine coronavirus antibodies.</p></sec><sec><title>Interpretation</title><p>MERS-CoV or a related virus has infected camel populations. Both titres and seroprevalences in sera from different locations in Oman suggest widespread infection.</p></sec><sec><title>Funding</title><p>European Union, European Centre For Disease Prevention and Control, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Albarrak, Am" uniqKey="Albarrak A">AM Albarrak</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stephens, Gm" uniqKey="Stephens G">GM Stephens</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hewson, R" uniqKey="Hewson R">R Hewson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zumla, Ai" uniqKey="Zumla A">AI Zumla</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Hakeem, Rf" uniqKey="Al Hakeem R">RF Al-Hakeem</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al 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uniqKey="Wang M">M Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lau, Sk" uniqKey="Lau S">SK Lau</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cotten, M" uniqKey="Cotten M">M Cotten</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lam, Tt" uniqKey="Lam T">TT Lam</name></author><author><name sortKey="Watson, Sj" uniqKey="Watson S">SJ Watson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cauchemez, S" uniqKey="Cauchemez S">S Cauchemez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van Kerkhove, Md" uniqKey="Van Kerkhove M">MD Van Kerkhove</name></author><author><name sortKey="Riley, S" uniqKey="Riley S">S Riley</name></author><author><name sortKey="Donelly, Ca" uniqKey="Donelly C">CA Donelly</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fraser, C" uniqKey="Fraser C">C Fraser</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ferguson, Nm" uniqKey="Ferguson N">NM Ferguson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Raj, Vs" uniqKey="Raj V">VS Raj</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mou, H" uniqKey="Mou H">H Mou</name></author><author><name sortKey="Smits, Sl" uniqKey="Smits S">SL Smits</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Corman, V" uniqKey="Corman V">V Corman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Muller, M" uniqKey="Muller M">M Muller</name></author><author><name sortKey="Costabel, U" uniqKey="Costabel U">U Costabel</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Reusken, C" uniqKey="Reusken C">C Reusken</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mou, H" uniqKey="Mou H">H Mou</name></author><author><name sortKey="Godeke, G" uniqKey="Godeke G">G Godeke</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gutierrez, C" uniqKey="Gutierrez C">C Gutierrez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Juste, Mc" uniqKey="Juste M">MC Juste</name></author><author><name 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uniqKey="Carlsson U">U Carlsson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lunden, A" uniqKey="Lunden A">A Lunden</name></author><author><name sortKey="Larsson, B" uniqKey="Larsson B">B Larsson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Yang, Dk" uniqKey="Yang D">DK Yang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hwang, Ij" uniqKey="Hwang I">IJ Hwang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Bh" uniqKey="Kim B">BH Kim</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wunschmann, A" uniqKey="Wunschmann A">A Wunschmann</name></author><author><name sortKey="Frank, R" uniqKey="Frank R">R Frank</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pomeroy, K" uniqKey="Pomeroy K">K Pomeroy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kapil, S" uniqKey="Kapil S">S Kapil</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Jin, L" uniqKey="Jin L">L Jin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cebra, Ck" uniqKey="Cebra C">CK Cebra</name></author><author><name sortKey="Baker, Rj" uniqKey="Baker R">RJ Baker</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Da Silva Filho, Lv" uniqKey="Da Silva Filho L">LV da Silva Filho</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zerbinati, Rm" uniqKey="Zerbinati R">RM Zerbinati</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tateno, Af" uniqKey="Tateno A">AF Tateno</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="De Souza Luna, Lk" uniqKey="De Souza Luna L">LK de Souza Luna</name></author><author><name sortKey="Heiser, V" uniqKey="Heiser V">V Heiser</name></author><author><name sortKey="Regamey, N" uniqKey="Regamey N">N Regamey</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hufnagel, L" uniqKey="Hufnagel L">L Hufnagel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brockmann, D" uniqKey="Brockmann D">D Brockmann</name></author><author><name sortKey="Geisel, T" uniqKey="Geisel T">T Geisel</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Trujillo, D" uniqKey="Trujillo D">D Trujillo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Barone, R" uniqKey="Barone R">R Barone</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Woo, Pc" uniqKey="Woo P">PC Woo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, Y" uniqKey="Huang Y">Y Huang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lau, Sk" uniqKey="Lau S">SK Lau</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yuen, Ky" uniqKey="Yuen K">KY Yuen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ohlson, A" uniqKey="Ohlson A">A Ohlson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Heuer, C" uniqKey="Heuer C">C Heuer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lockhart, C" uniqKey="Lockhart C">C Lockhart</name></author><author><name sortKey="Traven, M" uniqKey="Traven M">M Traven</name></author><author><name sortKey="Emanuelson, U" uniqKey="Emanuelson U">U Emanuelson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alenius, S" uniqKey="Alenius S">S Alenius</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cernicchiaro, N" uniqKey="Cernicchiaro N">N Cernicchiaro</name></author><author><name sortKey="White, Bj" uniqKey="White B">BJ White</name></author><author><name sortKey="Renter, Dg" uniqKey="Renter D">DG Renter</name></author><author><name sortKey="Babcock, Ah" uniqKey="Babcock A">AH Babcock</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kelly, L" uniqKey="Kelly L">L Kelly</name></author><author><name sortKey="Slattery, R" uniqKey="Slattery R">R Slattery</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ithete, Nl" uniqKey="Ithete N">NL Ithete</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stoffberg, S" uniqKey="Stoffberg S">S Stoffberg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Corman, Vm" uniqKey="Corman V">VM Corman</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li><li>Autriche</li><li>Chili</li><li>Espagne</li><li>Oman</li><li>Pays-Bas</li><li>Suède</li></country><region><li>District de Cologne</li><li>Hollande-Méridionale</li><li>Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</li><li>Svealand</li><li>Utrecht (province)</li><li>Vienne (Autriche)</li></region><settlement><li>Bonn</li><li>Rotterdam</li><li>Stockholm</li><li>Utrecht</li><li>Vienne (Autriche)</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université d'Utrecht</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Pays-Bas"><noRegion><name sortKey="Reusken, Chantal Bem" sort="Reusken, Chantal Bem" uniqKey="Reusken C" first="Chantal Bem" last="Reusken">Chantal Bem Reusken</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Bosch, Berend Jan" sort="Bosch, Berend Jan" uniqKey="Bosch B" first="Berend-Jan" last="Bosch">Berend-Jan Bosch</name><name sortKey="De Sousa, Rita" sort="De Sousa, Rita" uniqKey="De Sousa R" first="Rita" last="De Sousa">Rita De Sousa</name><name sortKey="Godeke, Gert Jan" sort="Godeke, Gert Jan" uniqKey="Godeke G" first="Gert-Jan" last="Godeke">Gert-Jan Godeke</name><name sortKey="Haagmans, Bart L" sort="Haagmans, Bart L" uniqKey="Haagmans B" first="Bart L" last="Haagmans">Bart L. Haagmans</name><name sortKey="Koopmans, Marion Pg" sort="Koopmans, Marion Pg" uniqKey="Koopmans M" first="Marion Pg" last="Koopmans">Marion Pg Koopmans</name><name sortKey="Koopmans, Marion Pg" sort="Koopmans, Marion Pg" uniqKey="Koopmans M" first="Marion Pg" last="Koopmans">Marion Pg Koopmans</name><name sortKey="Osterhaus, Albert" sort="Osterhaus, Albert" uniqKey="Osterhaus A" first="Albert" last="Osterhaus">Albert Osterhaus</name><name sortKey="Osterhaus, Albert" sort="Osterhaus, Albert" uniqKey="Osterhaus A" first="Albert" last="Osterhaus">Albert Osterhaus</name><name sortKey="Raj, V Stalin" sort="Raj, V Stalin" uniqKey="Raj V" first="V Stalin" last="Raj">V Stalin Raj</name><name sortKey="Rottier, Peter" sort="Rottier, Peter" uniqKey="Rottier P" first="Peter" last="Rottier">Peter Rottier</name><name sortKey="Smits, Saskia L" sort="Smits, Saskia L" uniqKey="Smits S" first="Saskia L" last="Smits">Saskia L. Smits</name><name sortKey="Smits, Saskia L" sort="Smits, Saskia L" uniqKey="Smits S" first="Saskia L" last="Smits">Saskia L. Smits</name><name sortKey="Van Beek, Janko" sort="Van Beek, Janko" uniqKey="Van Beek J" first="Janko" last="Van Beek">Janko Van Beek</name><name sortKey="Van Maanen, Kees" sort="Van Maanen, Kees" uniqKey="Van Maanen K" first="Kees" last="Van Maanen">Kees Van Maanen</name><name sortKey="Vries, Laura Smits De" sort="Vries, Laura Smits De" uniqKey="Vries L" first="Laura Smits-De" last="Vries">Laura Smits-De Vries</name></country><country name="Allemagne"><region name="Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie"><name sortKey="Muller, Marcel A" sort="Muller, Marcel A" uniqKey="Muller M" first="Marcel A" last="Müller">Marcel A. Müller</name></region><name sortKey="Corman, Victor M" sort="Corman, Victor M" uniqKey="Corman V" first="Victor M" last="Corman">Victor M. Corman</name><name sortKey="Drexler, Jan Felix" sort="Drexler, Jan Felix" uniqKey="Drexler J" first="Jan-Felix" last="Drexler">Jan-Felix Drexler</name><name sortKey="Drosten, Christian" sort="Drosten, Christian" uniqKey="Drosten C" first="Christian" last="Drosten">Christian Drosten</name><name sortKey="Meyer, Benjamin" sort="Meyer, Benjamin" uniqKey="Meyer B" first="Benjamin" last="Meyer">Benjamin Meyer</name><name sortKey="Muth, Doreen" sort="Muth, Doreen" uniqKey="Muth D" first="Doreen" last="Muth">Doreen Muth</name></country><country name="Espagne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Gutierrez, Carlos" sort="Gutierrez, Carlos" uniqKey="Gutierrez C" first="Carlos" last="Gutierrez">Carlos Gutierrez</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Gortazar Schmidt, Christian" sort="Gortazar Schmidt, Christian" uniqKey="Gortazar Schmidt C" first="Christian" last="Gortázar-Schmidt">Christian Gortázar-Schmidt</name></country><country name="Oman"><noRegion><name sortKey="El Tahir, Yasmin E" sort="El Tahir, Yasmin E" uniqKey="El Tahir Y" first="Yasmin E" last="El Tahir">Yasmin E. El Tahir</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Nowotny, Norbert" sort="Nowotny, Norbert" uniqKey="Nowotny N" first="Norbert" last="Nowotny">Norbert Nowotny</name></country><country name="Suède"><region name="Svealand"><name sortKey="De Sousa, Rita" sort="De Sousa, Rita" uniqKey="De Sousa R" first="Rita" last="De Sousa">Rita De Sousa</name></region></country><country name="Autriche"><region name="Vienne (Autriche)"><name sortKey="Nowotny, Norbert" sort="Nowotny, Norbert" uniqKey="Nowotny N" first="Norbert" last="Nowotny">Norbert Nowotny</name></region></country><country name="Chili"><noRegion><name sortKey="Hidalgo Hermoso, Ezequiel" sort="Hidalgo Hermoso, Ezequiel" uniqKey="Hidalgo Hermoso E" first="Ezequiel" last="Hidalgo-Hermoso">Ezequiel Hidalgo-Hermoso</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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