Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: another zoonotic betacoronavirus causing SARS-like disease.
Identifieur interne : 001667 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001666; suivant : 001668Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: another zoonotic betacoronavirus causing SARS-like disease.
Auteurs : Jasper F W. Chan [République populaire de Chine] ; Susanna K P. Lau [République populaire de Chine] ; Kelvin K W. To [République populaire de Chine] ; Vincent C C. Cheng [République populaire de Chine] ; Patrick C Y. Woo [République populaire de Chine] ; Kwok-Yung Yuen [Hong Kong]Source :
- Clinical microbiology reviews [ 1098-6618 ] ; 2015.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Animaux, Antiviraux (usage thérapeutique), Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (), Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (physiologie), Humains, Infections à coronavirus (), Infections à coronavirus (anatomopathologie), Infections à coronavirus (transmission), Infections à coronavirus (virologie), Infections à coronavirus (épidémiologie), Lutte contre l'infection, Modèles animaux de maladie humaine, Zoonoses (), Zoonoses (anatomopathologie), Zoonoses (transmission), Zoonoses (virologie), Zoonoses (épidémiologie).
- MESH :
- anatomopathologie : Infections à coronavirus, Zoonoses.
- physiologie : Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient.
- usage thérapeutique : Antiviraux, Infections à coronavirus, Zoonoses.
- virologie : Infections à coronavirus, Zoonoses.
- épidémiologie : Infections à coronavirus, Zoonoses.
- Animaux, Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient, Humains, Infections à coronavirus, Lutte contre l'infection, Modèles animaux de maladie humaine, Zoonoses.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Animals, Antiviral Agents (therapeutic use), Coronavirus Infections (epidemiology), Coronavirus Infections (pathology), Coronavirus Infections (therapy), Coronavirus Infections (transmission), Coronavirus Infections (virology), Disease Models, Animal, Humans, Infection Control, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (classification), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (physiology), Zoonoses (epidemiology), Zoonoses (pathology), Zoonoses (therapy), Zoonoses (transmission), Zoonoses (virology).
- MESH :
- chemical , therapeutic use : Antiviral Agents.
- classification : Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus.
- epidemiology : Coronavirus Infections, Zoonoses.
- pathology : Coronavirus Infections, Zoonoses.
- physiology : Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus.
- therapy : Coronavirus Infections, Zoonoses.
- transmission : Coronavirus Infections, Zoonoses.
- virology : Coronavirus Infections, Zoonoses.
- Animals, Disease Models, Animal, Humans, Infection Control.
Abstract
The source of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic was traced to wildlife market civets and ultimately to bats. Subsequent hunting for novel coronaviruses (CoVs) led to the discovery of two additional human and over 40 animal CoVs, including the prototype lineage C betacoronaviruses, Tylonycteris bat CoV HKU4 and Pipistrellus bat CoV HKU5; these are phylogenetically closely related to the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) CoV, which has affected more than 1,000 patients with over 35% fatality since its emergence in 2012. All primary cases of MERS are epidemiologically linked to the Middle East. Some of these patients had contacted camels which shed virus and/or had positive serology. Most secondary cases are related to health care-associated clusters. The disease is especially severe in elderly men with comorbidities. Clinical severity may be related to MERS-CoV's ability to infect a broad range of cells with DPP4 expression, evade the host innate immune response, and induce cytokine dysregulation. Reverse transcription-PCR on respiratory and/or extrapulmonary specimens rapidly establishes diagnosis. Supportive treatment with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and dialysis is often required in patients with organ failure. Antivirals with potent in vitro activities include neutralizing monoclonal antibodies, antiviral peptides, interferons, mycophenolic acid, and lopinavir. They should be evaluated in suitable animal models before clinical trials. Developing an effective camel MERS-CoV vaccine and implementing appropriate infection control measures may control the continuing epidemic.
DOI: 10.1128/CMR.00102-14
PubMed: 25810418
Affiliations:
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Le document en format XML
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The source of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic was traced to wildlife market civets and ultimately to bats. Subsequent hunting for novel coronaviruses (CoVs) led to the discovery of two additional human and over 40 animal CoVs, including the prototype lineage C betacoronaviruses, Tylonycteris bat CoV HKU4 and Pipistrellus bat CoV HKU5; these are phylogenetically closely related to the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) CoV, which has affected more than 1,000 patients with over 35% fatality since its emergence in 2012. All primary cases of MERS are epidemiologically linked to the Middle East. Some of these patients had contacted camels which shed virus and/or had positive serology. Most secondary cases are related to health care-associated clusters. The disease is especially severe in elderly men with comorbidities. Clinical severity may be related to MERS-CoV's ability to infect a broad range of cells with DPP4 expression, evade the host innate immune response, and induce cytokine dysregulation. Reverse transcription-PCR on respiratory and/or extrapulmonary specimens rapidly establishes diagnosis. Supportive treatment with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and dialysis is often required in patients with organ failure. Antivirals with potent in vitro activities include neutralizing monoclonal antibodies, antiviral peptides, interferons, mycophenolic acid, and lopinavir. They should be evaluated in suitable animal models before clinical trials. Developing an effective camel MERS-CoV vaccine and implementing appropriate infection control measures may control the continuing epidemic. </div>
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