SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses
Identifieur interne : 001031 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001030; suivant : 001032SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses
Auteurs : Emmie De Wit ; Neeltje Van Doremalen ; Darryl Falzarano ; Vincent J. MunsterSource :
- Nature Reviews. Microbiology [ 1740-1526 ] ; 2016.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Animaux, Chameaux (virologie), Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (pathogénicité), Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (physiologie), Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (ultrastructure), Flambées de maladies (), Humains, Infection croisée, Infections à coronavirus (), Infections à coronavirus (immunologie), Infections à coronavirus (transmission), Infections à coronavirus (virologie), Maladies transmissibles émergentes (), Maladies transmissibles émergentes (virologie), Pandémies (), Réplication virale, Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère (immunologie), Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère (transmission), Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère (virologie), Virus du SRAS (pathogénicité), Virus du SRAS (physiologie), Virus du SRAS (ultrastructure), Voyage, Échappement immunitaire.
- MESH :
- immunologie : Infections à coronavirus, Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère.
- pathogénicité : Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient, Virus du SRAS.
- physiologie : Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient, Virus du SRAS.
- virologie : Chameaux, Infections à coronavirus, Maladies transmissibles émergentes, Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère.
- Animaux, Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient, Flambées de maladies, Humains, Infection croisée, Infections à coronavirus, Maladies transmissibles émergentes, Pandémies, Réplication virale, Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère, Virus du SRAS, Voyage, Échappement immunitaire.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Animals, Camelus (virology), Communicable Diseases, Emerging (prevention & control), Communicable Diseases, Emerging (virology), Coronavirus Infections (immunology), Coronavirus Infections (therapy), Coronavirus Infections (transmission), Coronavirus Infections (virology), Cross Infection, Disease Outbreaks (prevention & control), Humans, Immune Evasion, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (pathogenicity), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (physiology), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (ultrastructure), Pandemics (prevention & control), SARS Virus (pathogenicity), SARS Virus (physiology), SARS Virus (ultrastructure), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (immunology), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (transmission), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (virology), Travel, Virus Replication.
- MESH :
- immunology : Coronavirus Infections, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome.
- pathogenicity : Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, SARS Virus.
- physiology : Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, SARS Virus.
- prevention & control : Communicable Diseases, Emerging, Disease Outbreaks, Pandemics.
- therapy : Coronavirus Infections.
- transmission : Coronavirus Infections, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome.
- ultrastructure : Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, SARS Virus.
- virology : Camelus, Communicable Diseases, Emerging, Coronavirus Infections, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome.
- Animals, Cross Infection, Humans, Immune Evasion, Travel, Virus Replication.
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) are zoonotic pathogens that can cause severe respiratory disease in humans. Although disease progression is fairly similar for SARS and MERS, the case fatality rate of MERS is much higher than that of SARS. Comorbidities have an important role in SARS and MERS. Several risk factors are associated with progression to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in SARS and MERS cases, especially advanced age and male sex. For MERS, additional risk factors that are associated with severe disease include chronic conditions such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cancer, renal and lung disease, and co-infections. Although the ancestors of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV probably circulate in bats, zoonotic transmission of SARS-CoV required an incidental amplifying host. Dromedary camels are the MERS-CoV reservoir from which zoonotic transmission occurs; serological evidence indicates that MERS-CoV-like viruses have been circulating in dromedary camels for at least three decades. Human-to-human transmission of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV occurs mainly in health care settings. Patients do not shed large amounts of virus until well after the onset of symptoms, when patients are most probably already seeking medical care. Analysis of hospital surfaces after the treatment of patients with MERS showed the ubiquitous presence of infectious virus. Our understanding of the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV is still incomplete, but the combination of viral replication in the lower respiratory tract and an aberrant immune response is thought to have a crucial role in the severity of both syndromes. The severity of the diseases that are caused by emerging coronaviruses highlights the need to develop effective therapeutic measures against these viruses. Although several treatments for SARS and MERS (based on inhibition of viral replication with drugs or neutralizing antibodies, or on dampening the host response) have been identified in animal models and
The online version of this article (doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2016.81) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Url:
DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro.2016.81
PubMed: 27344959
PubMed Central: 7097822
Affiliations:
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Munster</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.419681.3</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 2164 9667</institution-id><institution>Division of Intramural Research,</institution><institution>Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rocky Mountain Laboratories,</institution></institution-wrap>Hamilton, 59840 Montana USA</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">59840 Montana USA</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Nature Reviews. Microbiology</title><idno type="ISSN">1740-1526</idno><idno type="eISSN">1740-1534</idno><imprint><date when="2016">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Camelus (virology)</term><term>Communicable Diseases, Emerging (prevention & control)</term><term>Communicable Diseases, Emerging (virology)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (immunology)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (therapy)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (transmission)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (virology)</term><term>Cross Infection</term><term>Disease Outbreaks (prevention & control)</term><term>Humans</term><term>Immune Evasion</term><term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (pathogenicity)</term><term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (physiology)</term><term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (ultrastructure)</term><term>Pandemics (prevention & control)</term><term>SARS Virus (pathogenicity)</term><term>SARS Virus (physiology)</term><term>SARS Virus (ultrastructure)</term><term>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (immunology)</term><term>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (transmission)</term><term>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (virology)</term><term>Travel</term><term>Virus Replication</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term><term>Chameaux (virologie)</term><term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (pathogénicité)</term><term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (physiologie)</term><term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (ultrastructure)</term><term>Flambées de maladies ()</term><term>Humains</term><term>Infection croisée</term><term>Infections à coronavirus ()</term><term>Infections à coronavirus (immunologie)</term><term>Infections à coronavirus (transmission)</term><term>Infections à coronavirus (virologie)</term><term>Maladies transmissibles émergentes ()</term><term>Maladies transmissibles émergentes (virologie)</term><term>Pandémies ()</term><term>Réplication virale</term><term>Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère (immunologie)</term><term>Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère (transmission)</term><term>Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère (virologie)</term><term>Virus du SRAS (pathogénicité)</term><term>Virus du SRAS (physiologie)</term><term>Virus du SRAS (ultrastructure)</term><term>Voyage</term><term>Échappement immunitaire</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à coronavirus</term><term>Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term><term>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathogenicity" xml:lang="en"><term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus</term><term>SARS Virus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathogénicité" xml:lang="fr"><term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient</term><term>Virus du SRAS</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient</term><term>Virus du SRAS</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus</term><term>SARS Virus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prevention & control" xml:lang="en"><term>Communicable Diseases, Emerging</term><term>Disease Outbreaks</term><term>Pandemics</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="transmission" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term><term>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="ultrastructure" xml:lang="en"><term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus</term><term>SARS Virus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Chameaux</term><term>Infections à coronavirus</term><term>Maladies transmissibles émergentes</term><term>Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>Camelus</term><term>Communicable Diseases, Emerging</term><term>Coronavirus Infections</term><term>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Cross Infection</term><term>Humans</term><term>Immune Evasion</term><term>Travel</term><term>Virus Replication</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term><term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient</term><term>Flambées de maladies</term><term>Humains</term><term>Infection croisée</term><term>Infections à coronavirus</term><term>Maladies transmissibles émergentes</term><term>Pandémies</term><term>Réplication virale</term><term>Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère</term><term>Virus du SRAS</term><term>Voyage</term><term>Échappement immunitaire</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>Key Points</title><p id="Par5"><list list-type="bullet"><list-item><p id="Par6">Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) are zoonotic pathogens that can cause severe respiratory disease in humans. Although disease progression is fairly similar for SARS and MERS, the case fatality rate of MERS is much higher than that of SARS.</p></list-item><list-item><p id="Par7">Comorbidities have an important role in SARS and MERS. Several risk factors are associated with progression to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in SARS and MERS cases, especially advanced age and male sex. For MERS, additional risk factors that are associated with severe disease include chronic conditions such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cancer, renal and lung disease, and co-infections.</p></list-item><list-item><p id="Par8">Although the ancestors of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV probably circulate in bats, zoonotic transmission of SARS-CoV required an incidental amplifying host. Dromedary camels are the MERS-CoV reservoir from which zoonotic transmission occurs; serological evidence indicates that MERS-CoV-like viruses have been circulating in dromedary camels for at least three decades.</p></list-item><list-item><p id="Par9">Human-to-human transmission of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV occurs mainly in health care settings. Patients do not shed large amounts of virus until well after the onset of symptoms, when patients are most probably already seeking medical care. Analysis of hospital surfaces after the treatment of patients with MERS showed the ubiquitous presence of infectious virus.</p></list-item><list-item><p id="Par10">Our understanding of the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV is still incomplete, but the combination of viral replication in the lower respiratory tract and an aberrant immune response is thought to have a crucial role in the severity of both syndromes.</p></list-item><list-item><p id="Par11">The severity of the diseases that are caused by emerging coronaviruses highlights the need to develop effective therapeutic measures against these viruses. Although several treatments for SARS and MERS (based on inhibition of viral replication with drugs or neutralizing antibodies, or on dampening the host response) have been identified in animal models and <italic>in vitro</italic> studies, efficacy data from human clinical trials are urgently required.</p></list-item></list></p><sec><title>Supplementary information</title><p>The online version of this article (doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2016.81) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zhong, Ns" uniqKey="Zhong N">NS Zhong</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lee, N" uniqKey="Lee N">N Lee</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Guan, Y" uniqKey="Guan Y">Y Guan</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Drosten, C" 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Wu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Adney, Dr" uniqKey="Adney D">DR Adney</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Becker, Mm" uniqKey="Becker M">MM Becker</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Menachery, Vd" uniqKey="Menachery V">VD Menachery</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="De Wit, Emmie" sort="De Wit, Emmie" uniqKey="De Wit E" first="Emmie" last="De Wit">Emmie De Wit</name><name sortKey="Falzarano, Darryl" sort="Falzarano, Darryl" uniqKey="Falzarano D" first="Darryl" last="Falzarano">Darryl Falzarano</name><name sortKey="Munster, Vincent J" sort="Munster, Vincent J" uniqKey="Munster V" first="Vincent J." last="Munster">Vincent J. Munster</name><name sortKey="Van Doremalen, Neeltje" sort="Van Doremalen, Neeltje" uniqKey="Van Doremalen N" first="Neeltje" last="Van Doremalen">Neeltje Van Doremalen</name></noCountry></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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|étape= Exploration
|type= RBID
|clé= PMC:7097822
|texte= SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:27344959" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a MersV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33. |  |