Engineering subtle targeted mutations into the mouse genome
Identifieur interne : 002399 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 002398; suivant : 002400Engineering subtle targeted mutations into the mouse genome
Auteurs : Douglas B. MenkeSource :
- genesis [ 1526-954X ] ; 2013-09.
English descriptors
- Teeft :
- Acad, Allele, Allelic series, Base pairs, Biallelic mutations, Biol, Biotechnol, Cas9, Cassette, Cell clones, Clone, Coding exons, Conditional alleles, Consortium, Deletion, Dsbs, Eppig, Exon, Extraneous sequences, Gene, Gene expression, Gene function, Genetics, Genome, Genome editing, Genome engineering, Grnas, High frequency, Homology, Human cells, Insertion, Knockout, Locus, Mammalian cells, Menke, Mouse, Mouse alleles, Mouse genome, Mouse models, Mouse mutations, Mouse zygotes, Mrna, Multiple genes, Mutation, Natl, Negative selection, Nhej, Nhej pathway, Nuclease, Nucleic, Nucleic acids, Null alleles, Pathway, Pbase, Piggybac, Point mutation, Point mutations, Positive selection, Proc, Proc natl acad, Recombinase systems, Recombinases, Recombination, Selectable, Selection cassette, Selection cassettes, Small deletions, Small insertions, Stm, Talens, Target sites, Transient expression, Transposon, Ttaa, Wang, Zfns, Zhang.
Abstract
Homologous recombination in embryonic stem (ES) cells offers an exquisitely precise mechanism to introduce targeted modifications to the mouse genome. This ability to produce specific alterations to the mouse genome has become an essential tool for the analysis of gene function and the development of mouse models of human disease. Of the many thousands of mouse alleles that have been generated by gene targeting, the majority are designed to completely ablate gene function, to create conditional alleles that are inactivated in the presence of Cre recombinase, or to produce reporter alleles that label‐specific tissues or cell populations (Eppig et al., 2012, Nucleic Acids Res 40:D881–D886). However, there is a variety of powerful motivations for the introduction of subtle targeted mutations (STMs) such as point mutations, small deletions, or small insertions into the mouse genome. The introduction of STMs allows the ablation of specific transcript isoforms, permits the functional investigation of particular domains or amino acids within a protein, provides the ability to study the role of specific sites with in cis‐regulatory elements, and can result in better mouse models of human genetic disorders. In this review, I examine the current strategies that are commonly used to introduce STMs into the mouse genome and highlight new gene targeting technologies, including TALENs and CRISPR/Cas, which are likely to influence the future of gene targeting in mice. genesis 51:605–618. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Url:
DOI: 10.1002/dvg.22422
Links to Exploration step
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<front><div type="abstract">Homologous recombination in embryonic stem (ES) cells offers an exquisitely precise mechanism to introduce targeted modifications to the mouse genome. This ability to produce specific alterations to the mouse genome has become an essential tool for the analysis of gene function and the development of mouse models of human disease. Of the many thousands of mouse alleles that have been generated by gene targeting, the majority are designed to completely ablate gene function, to create conditional alleles that are inactivated in the presence of Cre recombinase, or to produce reporter alleles that label‐specific tissues or cell populations (Eppig et al., 2012, Nucleic Acids Res 40:D881–D886). However, there is a variety of powerful motivations for the introduction of subtle targeted mutations (STMs) such as point mutations, small deletions, or small insertions into the mouse genome. The introduction of STMs allows the ablation of specific transcript isoforms, permits the functional investigation of particular domains or amino acids within a protein, provides the ability to study the role of specific sites with in cis‐regulatory elements, and can result in better mouse models of human genetic disorders. In this review, I examine the current strategies that are commonly used to introduce STMs into the mouse genome and highlight new gene targeting technologies, including TALENs and CRISPR/Cas, which are likely to influence the future of gene targeting in mice. genesis 51:605–618. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</div>
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<note type="citation/reference">Zijlstra M, Li E, Sajjadi F, Subramani S, Jaenisch R. 1989. Germ‐line transmission of a disrupted beta 2‐microglobulin gene produced by homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells. Nature 342:435–438.</note>
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