Gene Synthesis – Enabling Technologies for Synthetic Biology
Identifieur interne : 000696 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000695; suivant : 000697Gene Synthesis – Enabling Technologies for Synthetic Biology
Auteurs : Michael Liss ; Ralf WagnerSource :
Abstract
Abstract: Biotechnology has enabled us to render the adaptation of living natural resources from a top-down approach (breeding) to a bottom-up process (designing). Common modern cloning techniques allow for the rearrangement of genetic building blocks, the removal of cross-species boundaries and minor modifications of the DNA sequence itself. The availability of in silico gene optimization and in vitro gene synthesis from synthetic oligonucleotides has ushered a new era by confering independency of natural templates. The fast development of this technology during the last decade has dramatically advanced the availability of this service to a present level that by now outperforms classical cloning techniques in terms of flexibility, speed and costs. The exponential increase of biological sequence database contents and the growing need for genes designed for industrial applications, rather than natural function, further drives this market. The fast-growing demand for synthetic genes is attended by a rapid improvement of techniques to enable their stable and reliable production. Downscaling reaction volumes, massive parallelization and automation are integral parts in this development. With the emerging field of synthetic biology the requirements for gene synthesis expand particularly in terms of synthesis speed and construct size to allow for the construction of pathway operons or even complete viral and bacterial genomes. This challenges the engineering of novel techniques to assemble and manipulate synthetic DNA building blocks to large molecular entities efficiently to provide the necessary tools for tomorrows biotechnology.
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DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-6766-4_15
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<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Gene Synthesis – Enabling Technologies for Synthetic Biology</title><author><name sortKey="Liss, Michael" sort="Liss, Michael" uniqKey="Liss M" first="Michael" last="Liss">Michael Liss</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wagner, Ralf" sort="Wagner, Ralf" uniqKey="Wagner R" first="Ralf" last="Wagner">Ralf Wagner</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Life Technologies Inc. Geneart AG, Im Gewerbepark B35, 93059, Regensburg, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Molecular Microbiology and Gene Therapy, University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: ralf.wagner@lifetech.com</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:02440B612132855EFE34A3D310464773BB75D3AA</idno><date when="2011" year="2011">2011</date><idno type="doi">10.1007/978-1-4419-6766-4_15</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/HCB-XK83NKLZ-7/fulltext.pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">000696</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">000696</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Gene Synthesis – Enabling Technologies for Synthetic Biology</title><author><name sortKey="Liss, Michael" sort="Liss, Michael" uniqKey="Liss M" first="Michael" last="Liss">Michael Liss</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wagner, Ralf" sort="Wagner, Ralf" uniqKey="Wagner R" first="Ralf" last="Wagner">Ralf Wagner</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Life Technologies Inc. Geneart AG, Im Gewerbepark B35, 93059, Regensburg, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Molecular Microbiology and Gene Therapy, University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: ralf.wagner@lifetech.com</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: Biotechnology has enabled us to render the adaptation of living natural resources from a top-down approach (breeding) to a bottom-up process (designing). Common modern cloning techniques allow for the rearrangement of genetic building blocks, the removal of cross-species boundaries and minor modifications of the DNA sequence itself. The availability of in silico gene optimization and in vitro gene synthesis from synthetic oligonucleotides has ushered a new era by confering independency of natural templates. The fast development of this technology during the last decade has dramatically advanced the availability of this service to a present level that by now outperforms classical cloning techniques in terms of flexibility, speed and costs. The exponential increase of biological sequence database contents and the growing need for genes designed for industrial applications, rather than natural function, further drives this market. The fast-growing demand for synthetic genes is attended by a rapid improvement of techniques to enable their stable and reliable production. Downscaling reaction volumes, massive parallelization and automation are integral parts in this development. With the emerging field of synthetic biology the requirements for gene synthesis expand particularly in terms of synthesis speed and construct size to allow for the construction of pathway operons or even complete viral and bacterial genomes. This challenges the engineering of novel techniques to assemble and manipulate synthetic DNA building blocks to large molecular entities efficiently to provide the necessary tools for tomorrows biotechnology.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>springer-ebooks</corpusName><editor><json:item><name>Heinz Koeppl</name><affiliations><json:string>, Automatic Control Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Physikstrasse 3, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland</json:string><json:string>E-mail: koeppl@ethz.ch</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Gianluca Setti</name><affiliations><json:string>ARCES, Università di Bologna, Via Toffano 2/2, 40125, Bologna, Italy</json:string><json:string>E-mail: gianluca.setti@unife.it</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Mario di Bernardo</name><affiliations><json:string>Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125, Napoli, Italy</json:string><json:string>E-mail: mario.dibernardo@unina.it</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Douglas Densmore</name><affiliations><json:string>, Department of Electrical and Computer En, Boston University, Saint Mary's St. 8, 02446, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</json:string><json:string>E-mail: dougd@bu.edu</json:string></affiliations></json:item></editor><author><json:item><name>Michael Liss</name></json:item><json:item><name>Ralf Wagner</name><affiliations><json:string>Life Technologies Inc. Geneart AG, Im Gewerbepark B35, 93059, Regensburg, Germany</json:string><json:string>Molecular Microbiology and Gene Therapy, University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany</json:string><json:string>E-mail: ralf.wagner@lifetech.com</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Gene optimization</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Gene synthesis</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Synthetic genes</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Synthetic biology</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Protein expression</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Biosafety</value></json:item></subject><arkIstex>ark:/67375/HCB-XK83NKLZ-7</arkIstex><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>chapter</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Abstract: Biotechnology has enabled us to render the adaptation of living natural resources from a top-down approach (breeding) to a bottom-up process (designing). Common modern cloning techniques allow for the rearrangement of genetic building blocks, the removal of cross-species boundaries and minor modifications of the DNA sequence itself. The availability of in silico gene optimization and in vitro gene synthesis from synthetic oligonucleotides has ushered a new era by confering independency of natural templates. The fast development of this technology during the last decade has dramatically advanced the availability of this service to a present level that by now outperforms classical cloning techniques in terms of flexibility, speed and costs. The exponential increase of biological sequence database contents and the growing need for genes designed for industrial applications, rather than natural function, further drives this market. The fast-growing demand for synthetic genes is attended by a rapid improvement of techniques to enable their stable and reliable production. Downscaling reaction volumes, massive parallelization and automation are integral parts in this development. With the emerging field of synthetic biology the requirements for gene synthesis expand particularly in terms of synthesis speed and construct size to allow for the construction of pathway operons or even complete viral and bacterial genomes. This challenges the engineering of novel techniques to assemble and manipulate synthetic DNA building blocks to large molecular entities efficiently to provide the necessary tools for tomorrows biotechnology.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>9.82</score><pdfWordCount>6928</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>44188</pdfCharCount><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageCount>19</pdfPageCount><pdfPageSize>439 x 666 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>false</refBibsNative><abstractWordCount>235</abstractWordCount><abstractCharCount>1653</abstractCharCount><keywordCount>6</keywordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Gene Synthesis – Enabling Technologies for Synthetic Biology</title><chapterId><json:string>15</json:string><json:string>b978-1-4419-6766-4_15</json:string></chapterId><genre><json:string>chapter</json:string></genre><host><title>Design and Analysis of Biomolecular Circuits</title><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><copyrightDate>2011</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1007/978-1-4419-6766-4</json:string></doi><eisbn><json:string>978-1-4419-6766-4</json:string></eisbn><bookId><json:string>978-1-4419-6766-4</json:string></bookId><isbn><json:string>978-1-4419-6765-7</json:string></isbn><pages><first>317</first><last>335</last></pages><genre><json:string>book</json:string></genre><editor><json:item><name>Heinz Koeppl</name><affiliations><json:string>, Automatic Control Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Physikstrasse 3, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland</json:string><json:string>E-mail: koeppl@ethz.ch</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Gianluca Setti</name><affiliations><json:string>ARCES, Università di Bologna, Via Toffano 2/2, 40125, Bologna, Italy</json:string><json:string>E-mail: gianluca.setti@unife.it</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Mario di Bernardo</name><affiliations><json:string>Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125, Napoli, Italy</json:string><json:string>E-mail: mario.dibernardo@unina.it</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Douglas Densmore</name><affiliations><json:string>, Department of Electrical and Computer En, Boston University, Saint Mary's St. 8, 02446, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</json:string><json:string>E-mail: dougd@bu.edu</json:string></affiliations></json:item></editor><subject><json:item><value>Engineering</value></json:item><json:item><value>Engineering</value></json:item><json:item><value>Circuits and Systems</value></json:item><json:item><value>Computer-Aided Engineering (CAD, CAE) and Design</value></json:item></subject></host><ark><json:string>ark:/67375/HCB-XK83NKLZ-7</json:string></ark><publicationDate>2011</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2011</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1007/978-1-4419-6766-4_15</json:string></doi><id>02440B612132855EFE34A3D310464773BB75D3AA</id><score>1</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/HCB-XK83NKLZ-7/fulltext.pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/HCB-XK83NKLZ-7/bundle.zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/HCB-XK83NKLZ-7/fulltext.tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="m" type="main">Design and Analysis of Biomolecular Circuits</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Springer New York</publisher><pubPlace>New York, NY</pubPlace><availability><licence>Springer Science+Business Media, LLC</licence></availability><date when="2011">2011</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content-type" subtype="other" source="Monograph" scheme="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-7474895G-0">other</note><note type="publication-type" subtype="book" scheme="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-5WTPMB5N-F">book</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Gene Synthesis – Enabling Technologies for Synthetic Biology</title><author><persName><forename type="first">Michael</forename><surname>Liss</surname></persName></author><author role="corresp"><persName><forename type="first">Ralf</forename><surname>Wagner</surname></persName><email>ralf.wagner@lifetech.com</email><affiliation><orgName type="institution">Life Technologies Inc. Geneart AG</orgName><address><street>Im Gewerbepark B35</street><settlement>Regensburg</settlement><postCode>93059</postCode><country key="DE">GERMANY</country></address></affiliation><affiliation><orgName type="department">Molecular Microbiology and Gene Therapy</orgName><orgName type="institution">University of Regensburg</orgName><address><street>Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11</street><settlement>Regensburg</settlement><postCode>93053</postCode><country key="DE">GERMANY</country></address></affiliation></author><idno type="istex">02440B612132855EFE34A3D310464773BB75D3AA</idno><idno type="ark">ark:/67375/HCB-XK83NKLZ-7</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1007/978-1-4419-6766-4_15</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="m" type="main">Design and Analysis of Biomolecular Circuits</title><title level="m" type="sub">Engineering Approaches to Systems and Synthetic Biology</title><title level="m" type="part">Enabling technologies</title><idno type="DOI">10.1007/978-1-4419-6766-4</idno><idno type="book-id">978-1-4419-6766-4</idno><idno type="ISBN">978-1-4419-6765-7</idno><idno type="eISBN">978-1-4419-6766-4</idno><idno type="chapter-id">b978-1-4419-6766-4_15</idno><idno type="part-id">Part4</idno><editor><persName><forename type="first">Heinz</forename><surname>Koeppl</surname></persName><email>koeppl@ethz.ch</email><affiliation><orgName type="department">, Automatic Control Laboratory</orgName><orgName type="institution">ETH Zurich</orgName><address><street>Physikstrasse 3</street><settlement>Zurich</settlement><postCode>8092</postCode><country key="CH">SWITZERLAND</country></address></affiliation></editor><editor><persName><forename type="first">Gianluca</forename><surname>Setti</surname></persName><email>gianluca.setti@unife.it</email><affiliation><orgName type="department">ARCES</orgName><orgName type="institution">Università di Bologna</orgName><address><street>Via Toffano 2/2</street><settlement>Bologna</settlement><postCode>40125</postCode><country key="IT">ITALY</country></address></affiliation></editor><editor><persName><forename type="first">Mario</forename><surname>di Bernardo</surname></persName><email>mario.dibernardo@unina.it</email><affiliation><orgName type="institution">Università di Napoli Federico II</orgName><address><street>Via Claudio 21</street><settlement>Napoli</settlement><postCode>80125</postCode><country key="IT">ITALY</country></address></affiliation></editor><editor><persName><forename type="first">Douglas</forename><surname>Densmore</surname></persName><email>dougd@bu.edu</email><affiliation><orgName type="department">, Department of Electrical and Computer En</orgName><orgName type="institution">Boston University</orgName><address><street>Saint Mary's St. 8</street><settlement>Boston</settlement><postCode>02446</postCode><region>Massachusetts</region><country key="US">UNITED STATES</country></address></affiliation></editor><imprint><biblScope unit="page" from="317">317</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="335">335</biblScope><biblScope unit="chapter-count">17</biblScope><biblScope unit="part-chapter-count">3</biblScope></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><abstract xml:lang="en"><head>Abstract</head><p>Biotechnology has enabled us to render the adaptation of living natural resources from a top-down approach (breeding) to a bottom-up process (designing). Common modern cloning techniques allow for the rearrangement of genetic building blocks, the removal of cross-species boundaries and minor modifications of the DNA sequence itself. The availability of in silico gene optimization and in vitro gene synthesis from synthetic oligonucleotides has ushered a new era by confering independency of natural templates. The fast development of this technology during the last decade has dramatically advanced the availability of this service to a present level that by now outperforms classical cloning techniques in terms of flexibility, speed and costs. The exponential increase of biological sequence database contents and the growing need for genes designed for industrial applications, rather than natural function, further drives this market. The fast-growing demand for synthetic genes is attended by a rapid improvement of techniques to enable their stable and reliable production. Downscaling reaction volumes, massive parallelization and automation are integral parts in this development. With the emerging field of synthetic biology the requirements for gene synthesis expand particularly in terms of synthesis speed and construct size to allow for the construction of pathway operons or even complete viral and bacterial genomes. This challenges the engineering of novel techniques to assemble and manipulate synthetic DNA building blocks to large molecular entities efficiently to provide the necessary tools for tomorrows biotechnology.</p></abstract><textClass ana="keyword"><keywords xml:lang="en"><term>Gene optimization</term><term>Gene synthesis</term><term>Synthetic genes</term><term>Synthetic biology</term><term>Protein expression</term><term>Biosafety</term></keywords></textClass><textClass ana="subject"><keywords scheme="book-subject-collection"><list><label>SUCO11647</label><item><term>Engineering</term></item></list></keywords></textClass><textClass ana="subject"><keywords scheme="book-subject"><list><label>SCT</label><item><term type="Primary">Engineering</term></item><label>SCT24068</label><item><term type="Secondary" subtype="priority-1">Circuits and Systems</term></item><label>SCI23044</label><item><term type="Secondary" subtype="priority-2">Computer-Aided Engineering (CAD, CAE) and 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AffiliationIDS="AffID1"><EditorName DisplayOrder="Western"><GivenName>Heinz</GivenName><FamilyName>Koeppl</FamilyName></EditorName><Contact><Phone>+41 44 632 7288</Phone><Email>koeppl@ethz.ch</Email></Contact></Editor><Editor AffiliationIDS="AffID2"><EditorName DisplayOrder="Western"><GivenName>Gianluca</GivenName><FamilyName>Setti</FamilyName></EditorName><Contact><Phone>532974997</Phone><Email>gianluca.setti@unife.it</Email></Contact></Editor><Editor AffiliationIDS="AffID3"><EditorName DisplayOrder="Western"><GivenName>Mario</GivenName><FamilyName>di Bernardo</FamilyName></EditorName><Contact><Phone>817683909</Phone><Email>mario.dibernardo@unina.it</Email></Contact></Editor><Editor AffiliationIDS="AffID4"><EditorName DisplayOrder="Western"><GivenName>Douglas</GivenName><FamilyName>Densmore</FamilyName></EditorName><Contact><Email>dougd@bu.edu</Email></Contact></Editor><Affiliation ID="AffID1"><OrgDivision>, Automatic Control Laboratory</OrgDivision><OrgName>ETH Zurich</OrgName><OrgAddress><Street>Physikstrasse 3</Street><City>Zurich</City><Postcode>8092</Postcode><Country>Switzerland</Country></OrgAddress></Affiliation><Affiliation ID="AffID2"><OrgDivision>ARCES</OrgDivision><OrgName>Università di Bologna</OrgName><OrgAddress><Street>Via Toffano 2/2</Street><City>Bologna</City><Postcode>40125</Postcode><Country>Italy</Country></OrgAddress></Affiliation><Affiliation ID="AffID3"><OrgName>Università di Napoli Federico II</OrgName><OrgAddress><Street>Via Claudio 21</Street><City>Napoli</City><Postcode>80125</Postcode><Country>Italy</Country></OrgAddress></Affiliation><Affiliation ID="AffID4"><OrgDivision>, Department of Electrical and Computer En</OrgDivision><OrgName>Boston University</OrgName><OrgAddress><Street>Saint Mary's St. 8</Street><City>Boston</City><Postcode>02446</Postcode><State>Massachusetts</State><Country>USA</Country></OrgAddress></Affiliation></EditorGroup></BookHeader><Part ID="Part4" OutputMedium="All"><PartInfo 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LLC</CopyrightHolderName><CopyrightYear>2011</CopyrightYear></ChapterCopyright><ChapterHistory><RegistrationDate><Year>2011</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>28</Day></RegistrationDate><OnlineDate><Year>2011</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>3</Day></OnlineDate></ChapterHistory><ChapterContext><PartID>4</PartID><BookID>978-1-4419-6766-4</BookID><BookTitle>Design and Analysis of Biomolecular Circuits</BookTitle></ChapterContext></ChapterInfo><ChapterHeader><AuthorGroup><Author><AuthorName DisplayOrder="Western"><GivenName>Michael</GivenName><FamilyName>Liss</FamilyName></AuthorName></Author><Author AffiliationIDS="Aff1_15 Aff2_15" CorrespondingAffiliationID="Aff1_15"><AuthorName DisplayOrder="Western"><GivenName>Ralf</GivenName><FamilyName>Wagner</FamilyName></AuthorName><Contact><Email>ralf.wagner@lifetech.com</Email></Contact></Author><Affiliation ID="Aff1_15"><OrgName>Life Technologies Inc. Geneart AG</OrgName><OrgAddress><Street>Im Gewerbepark B35</Street><City>Regensburg</City><Postcode>93059</Postcode><Country>Germany</Country></OrgAddress></Affiliation><Affiliation ID="Aff2_15"><OrgDivision>Molecular Microbiology and Gene Therapy</OrgDivision><OrgName>University of Regensburg</OrgName><OrgAddress><Street>Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11</Street><City>Regensburg</City><Postcode>93053</Postcode><Country>Germany</Country></OrgAddress></Affiliation></AuthorGroup><Abstract ID="Abs1_15" Language="En" OutputMedium="All"><Heading>Abstract</Heading><Para>Biotechnology has enabled us to render the adaptation of living natural resources from a top-down approach (breeding) to a bottom-up process (designing). Common modern cloning techniques allow for the rearrangement of genetic building blocks, the removal of cross-species boundaries and minor modifications of the DNA sequence itself. The availability of in silico gene optimization and in vitro gene synthesis from synthetic oligonucleotides has ushered a new era by confering independency of natural templates. The fast development of this technology during the last decade has dramatically advanced the availability of this service to a present level that by now outperforms classical cloning techniques in terms of flexibility, speed and costs. The exponential increase of biological sequence database contents and the growing need for genes designed for industrial applications, rather than natural function, further drives this market. The fast-growing demand for synthetic genes is attended by a rapid improvement of techniques to enable their stable and reliable production. Downscaling reaction volumes, massive parallelization and automation are integral parts in this development. With the emerging field of synthetic biology the requirements for gene synthesis expand particularly in terms of synthesis speed and construct size to allow for the construction of pathway operons or even complete viral and bacterial genomes. This challenges the engineering of novel techniques to assemble and manipulate synthetic DNA building blocks to large molecular entities efficiently to provide the necessary tools for tomorrows biotechnology.</Para></Abstract><KeywordGroup Language="En" OutputMedium="All"><Heading>Keywords</Heading><Keyword>Gene optimization</Keyword><Keyword>Gene synthesis</Keyword><Keyword>Synthetic genes</Keyword><Keyword>Synthetic biology</Keyword><Keyword>Protein expression</Keyword><Keyword>Biosafety</Keyword></KeywordGroup></ChapterHeader><NoBody></NoBody></Chapter></Part></Book></Publisher></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Gene Synthesis – Enabling Technologies for Synthetic Biology</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA"><title>Gene Synthesis – Enabling Technologies for Synthetic Biology</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Michael</namePart><namePart type="family">Liss</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal" displayLabel="corresp"><namePart type="given">Ralf</namePart><namePart type="family">Wagner</namePart><affiliation>Life Technologies Inc. Geneart AG, Im Gewerbepark B35, 93059, Regensburg, Germany</affiliation><affiliation>Molecular Microbiology and Gene Therapy, University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: ralf.wagner@lifetech.com</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Heinz</namePart><namePart type="family">Koeppl</namePart><affiliation>, Automatic Control Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Physikstrasse 3, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: koeppl@ethz.ch</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">editor</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Gianluca</namePart><namePart type="family">Setti</namePart><affiliation>ARCES, Università di Bologna, Via Toffano 2/2, 40125, Bologna, Italy</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: gianluca.setti@unife.it</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">editor</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Mario</namePart><namePart type="family">di Bernardo</namePart><affiliation>Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125, Napoli, Italy</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: mario.dibernardo@unina.it</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">editor</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Douglas</namePart><namePart type="family">Densmore</namePart><affiliation>, Department of Electrical and Computer En, Boston University, Saint Mary's St. 8, 02446, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: dougd@bu.edu</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">editor</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="chapter" displayLabel="chapter" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-CGT4WMJM-6"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Springer New York</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">New York, NY</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2011</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2011</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><abstract lang="en">Abstract: Biotechnology has enabled us to render the adaptation of living natural resources from a top-down approach (breeding) to a bottom-up process (designing). Common modern cloning techniques allow for the rearrangement of genetic building blocks, the removal of cross-species boundaries and minor modifications of the DNA sequence itself. The availability of in silico gene optimization and in vitro gene synthesis from synthetic oligonucleotides has ushered a new era by confering independency of natural templates. The fast development of this technology during the last decade has dramatically advanced the availability of this service to a present level that by now outperforms classical cloning techniques in terms of flexibility, speed and costs. The exponential increase of biological sequence database contents and the growing need for genes designed for industrial applications, rather than natural function, further drives this market. The fast-growing demand for synthetic genes is attended by a rapid improvement of techniques to enable their stable and reliable production. Downscaling reaction volumes, massive parallelization and automation are integral parts in this development. With the emerging field of synthetic biology the requirements for gene synthesis expand particularly in terms of synthesis speed and construct size to allow for the construction of pathway operons or even complete viral and bacterial genomes. This challenges the engineering of novel techniques to assemble and manipulate synthetic DNA building blocks to large molecular entities efficiently to provide the necessary tools for tomorrows biotechnology.</abstract><subject lang="en"><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>Gene optimization</topic><topic>Gene synthesis</topic><topic>Synthetic genes</topic><topic>Synthetic biology</topic><topic>Protein expression</topic><topic>Biosafety</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Design and Analysis of Biomolecular Circuits</title><subTitle>Engineering Approaches to Systems and Synthetic Biology</subTitle></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Heinz</namePart><namePart type="family">Koeppl</namePart><affiliation>, Automatic Control Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Physikstrasse 3, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: koeppl@ethz.ch</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">editor</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Gianluca</namePart><namePart type="family">Setti</namePart><affiliation>ARCES, Università di Bologna, Via Toffano 2/2, 40125, Bologna, Italy</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: gianluca.setti@unife.it</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">editor</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Mario</namePart><namePart type="family">di Bernardo</namePart><affiliation>Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125, Napoli, Italy</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: mario.dibernardo@unina.it</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">editor</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Douglas</namePart><namePart type="family">Densmore</namePart><affiliation>, Department of Electrical and Computer En, Boston University, Saint Mary's St. 8, 02446, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: dougd@bu.edu</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">editor</roleTerm></role></name><genre type="book" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-5WTPMB5N-F">book</genre><originInfo><publisher>Springer</publisher><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2011</copyrightDate><issuance>monographic</issuance></originInfo><subject><genre>Book-Subject-Collection</genre><topic authority="SpringerSubjectCodes" authorityURI="SUCO11647">Engineering</topic></subject><subject><genre>Book-Subject-Group</genre><topic authority="SpringerSubjectCodes" authorityURI="SCT">Engineering</topic><topic authority="SpringerSubjectCodes" authorityURI="SCT24068">Circuits and Systems</topic><topic authority="SpringerSubjectCodes" authorityURI="SCI23044">Computer-Aided Engineering (CAD, CAE) and Design</topic></subject><identifier type="DOI">10.1007/978-1-4419-6766-4</identifier><identifier type="ISBN">978-1-4419-6765-7</identifier><identifier type="eISBN">978-1-4419-6766-4</identifier><identifier type="BookTitleID">192108</identifier><identifier type="BookID">978-1-4419-6766-4</identifier><identifier type="BookChapterCount">17</identifier><identifier type="PartChapterCount">3</identifier><part><date>2011</date><detail type="part"><title>Enabling technologies</title></detail><detail type="chapter"><number>Chapter 15</number><caption>chapter</caption></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>317</start><end>335</end></extent></part><recordInfo><recordOrigin>Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2011</recordOrigin></recordInfo></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">02440B612132855EFE34A3D310464773BB75D3AA</identifier><identifier type="ark">ark:/67375/HCB-XK83NKLZ-7</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1007/978-1-4419-6766-4_15</identifier><identifier type="ChapterID">15</identifier><identifier type="ChapterID">b978-1-4419-6766-4_15</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2011</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XBH-RLRX46XW-4">springer</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2011</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods><json:item><extension>json</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/json</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/HCB-XK83NKLZ-7/record.json</uri></json:item></metadata><annexes><json:item><extension>xml</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/xml</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/HCB-XK83NKLZ-7/annexes.xml</uri></json:item></annexes><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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