Healthcare-associated outbreaks of bacterial infections in Africa, 2009-2018: A review.
Identifieur interne : 000065 ( PubMed/Curation ); précédent : 000064; suivant : 000066Healthcare-associated outbreaks of bacterial infections in Africa, 2009-2018: A review.
Auteurs : Jessica L. Fraser [Pays-Bas] ; Athman Mwatondo [Royaume-Uni] ; Yewande H. Alimi [Éthiopie] ; Jay K. Varma [États-Unis] ; Victor J Del Rio Vilas [Royaume-Uni]Source :
- International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases [ 1878-3511 ] ; 2021.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
- microbiologie : Infection croisée, Infections bactériennes.
- épidémiologie : Afrique, Bactéries, Infection croisée, Infections bactériennes.
- Humains, Hôpitaux, Épidémies de maladies.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- geographic , epidemiology : Africa.
- classification : Bacteria.
- epidemiology : Bacterial Infections, Cross Infection.
- microbiology : Bacterial Infections, Cross Infection.
- Disease Outbreaks, Hospitals, Humans.
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a major global public health problem, increasing the transmission of drug-resistant infections. In Africa, the prevalence of HAIs among all hospital inpatients is estimated to be between 3% and 15%, but outbreaks are infrequently reported. Failure to detect and/or report outbreaks can increase the risk of ongoing infections and recurrent outbreaks.
METHODS
A search of the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and other outbreak databases was performed to identify published literature on bacterial HAI outbreaks in Africa (January 2009 to December 2018). Details of the outbreak characteristics, hospital environment, and the control measures implemented were extracted.
RESULTS
Twenty-two studies published over the 10-year period were identified. These reported 31 distinct outbreaks and a total of 31 causative pathogens, including Klebsiella pneumoniae (six outbreaks, 19%), Staphylococcus aureus (six outbreaks, 19%), and Enterococcus (five outbreaks, 16%). Most outbreaks were reported from university (n = 8, 26%) and tertiary hospitals (n = 11, 55%), from South Africa (n = 9, 41%) and Tunisia (n = 4, 18%). Interventions to control the outbreaks were described in 27 (90%) outbreaks, and all instituted or recommended enhancing hand hygiene and education.
CONCLUSIONS
Few facilities in Africa reported HAI outbreaks over the 10-year period, suggesting substantial under-detection and under-reporting. The quality and timeliness of reporting require improvement to ensure changes in public health practice.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.12.030
PubMed: 33333248
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Fraser</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Athena Institute, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan, 1105, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: jessicafraser02@gmail.com.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Athena Institute, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan, 1105, 1081 HV Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mwatondo, Athman" sort="Mwatondo, Athman" uniqKey="Mwatondo A" first="Athman" last="Mwatondo">Athman Mwatondo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>The Centre for Universal Health, Chatham House, 10 St James's Square, London SW1Y 4LE, United Kingdom. Electronic address: amwatondo@yahoo.com.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>The Centre for Universal Health, Chatham House, 10 St James's Square, London SW1Y 4LE</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alimi, Yewande H" sort="Alimi, Yewande H" uniqKey="Alimi Y" first="Yewande H" last="Alimi">Yewande H. Alimi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, African Union Commission, Roosevelt Street (Old Airport Area), Addis Ababa, PO Box 3243, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Electronic address: Alimiy@africa-union.org.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Éthiopie</country><wicri:regionArea>Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, African Union Commission, Roosevelt Street (Old Airport Area), Addis Ababa, PO Box 3243, Addis Ababa</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Varma, Jay K" sort="Varma, Jay K" uniqKey="Varma J" first="Jay K" last="Varma">Jay K. Varma</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, African Union Commission, Roosevelt Street (Old Airport Area), Addis Ababa, PO Box 3243, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. Electronic address: jcv9@cdc.gov.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, African Union Commission, Roosevelt Street (Old Airport Area), Addis Ababa, PO Box 3243, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30329</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vilas, Victor J Del Rio" sort="Vilas, Victor J Del Rio" uniqKey="Vilas V" first="Victor J Del Rio" last="Vilas">Victor J Del Rio Vilas</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>The Centre for Universal Health, Chatham House, 10 St James's Square, London SW1Y 4LE, United Kingdom. Electronic address: vdelriovilas@yahoo.co.uk.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>The Centre for Universal Health, Chatham House, 10 St James's Square, London SW1Y 4LE</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases</title><idno type="eISSN">1878-3511</idno><imprint><date when="2021" type="published">2021</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Africa (epidemiology)</term><term>Bacteria (classification)</term><term>Bacterial Infections (epidemiology)</term><term>Bacterial Infections (microbiology)</term><term>Cross Infection (epidemiology)</term><term>Cross Infection (microbiology)</term><term>Disease Outbreaks (MeSH)</term><term>Hospitals (MeSH)</term><term>Humans (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Afrique (épidémiologie)</term><term>Bactéries (classification)</term><term>Humains (MeSH)</term><term>Hôpitaux (MeSH)</term><term>Infection croisée (microbiologie)</term><term>Infection croisée (épidémiologie)</term><term>Infections bactériennes (microbiologie)</term><term>Infections bactériennes (épidémiologie)</term><term>Épidémies de maladies (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Africa</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="classification" xml:lang="en"><term>Bacteria</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Bacterial Infections</term><term>Cross Infection</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="microbiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infection croisée</term><term>Infections bactériennes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="microbiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Bacterial Infections</term><term>Cross Infection</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Afrique</term><term>Bactéries</term><term>Infection croisée</term><term>Infections bactériennes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Disease Outbreaks</term><term>Hospitals</term><term>Humans</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Humains</term><term>Hôpitaux</term><term>Épidémies de maladies</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>BACKGROUND</b></p><p>Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a major global public health problem, increasing the transmission of drug-resistant infections. In Africa, the prevalence of HAIs among all hospital inpatients is estimated to be between 3% and 15%, but outbreaks are infrequently reported. Failure to detect and/or report outbreaks can increase the risk of ongoing infections and recurrent outbreaks.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>METHODS</b></p><p>A search of the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and other outbreak databases was performed to identify published literature on bacterial HAI outbreaks in Africa (January 2009 to December 2018). Details of the outbreak characteristics, hospital environment, and the control measures implemented were extracted.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS</b></p><p>Twenty-two studies published over the 10-year period were identified. These reported 31 distinct outbreaks and a total of 31 causative pathogens, including Klebsiella pneumoniae (six outbreaks, 19%), Staphylococcus aureus (six outbreaks, 19%), and Enterococcus (five outbreaks, 16%). Most outbreaks were reported from university (n = 8, 26%) and tertiary hospitals (n = 11, 55%), from South Africa (n = 9, 41%) and Tunisia (n = 4, 18%). Interventions to control the outbreaks were described in 27 (90%) outbreaks, and all instituted or recommended enhancing hand hygiene and education.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b></p><p>Few facilities in Africa reported HAI outbreaks over the 10-year period, suggesting substantial under-detection and under-reporting. The quality and timeliness of reporting require improvement to ensure changes in public health practice.</p></div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" IndexingMethod="Curated" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">33333248</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2021</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>04</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2021</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>04</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1878-3511</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>103</Volume><PubDate><Year>2021</Year><Month>Feb</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Int J Infect Dis</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Healthcare-associated outbreaks of bacterial infections in Africa, 2009-2018: A review.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>469-477</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S1201-9712(20)32554-6</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.ijid.2020.12.030</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a major global public health problem, increasing the transmission of drug-resistant infections. In Africa, the prevalence of HAIs among all hospital inpatients is estimated to be between 3% and 15%, but outbreaks are infrequently reported. Failure to detect and/or report outbreaks can increase the risk of ongoing infections and recurrent outbreaks.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">A search of the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and other outbreak databases was performed to identify published literature on bacterial HAI outbreaks in Africa (January 2009 to December 2018). Details of the outbreak characteristics, hospital environment, and the control measures implemented were extracted.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">Twenty-two studies published over the 10-year period were identified. These reported 31 distinct outbreaks and a total of 31 causative pathogens, including Klebsiella pneumoniae (six outbreaks, 19%), Staphylococcus aureus (six outbreaks, 19%), and Enterococcus (five outbreaks, 16%). Most outbreaks were reported from university (n = 8, 26%) and tertiary hospitals (n = 11, 55%), from South Africa (n = 9, 41%) and Tunisia (n = 4, 18%). Interventions to control the outbreaks were described in 27 (90%) outbreaks, and all instituted or recommended enhancing hand hygiene and education.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">Few facilities in Africa reported HAI outbreaks over the 10-year period, suggesting substantial under-detection and under-reporting. The quality and timeliness of reporting require improvement to ensure changes in public health practice.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fraser</LastName><ForeName>Jessica L</ForeName><Initials>JL</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Athena Institute, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan, 1105, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: jessicafraser02@gmail.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mwatondo</LastName><ForeName>Athman</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The Centre for Universal Health, Chatham House, 10 St James's Square, London SW1Y 4LE, United Kingdom. Electronic address: amwatondo@yahoo.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Alimi</LastName><ForeName>Yewande H</ForeName><Initials>YH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, African Union Commission, Roosevelt Street (Old Airport Area), Addis Ababa, PO Box 3243, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Electronic address: Alimiy@africa-union.org.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Varma</LastName><ForeName>Jay K</ForeName><Initials>JK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, African Union Commission, Roosevelt Street (Old Airport Area), Addis Ababa, PO Box 3243, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. Electronic address: jcv9@cdc.gov.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Vilas</LastName><ForeName>Victor J Del Rio</ForeName><Initials>VJDR</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The Centre for Universal Health, Chatham House, 10 St James's Square, London SW1Y 4LE, United Kingdom. Electronic address: vdelriovilas@yahoo.co.uk.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>17</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Canada</Country><MedlineTA>Int J Infect Dis</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>9610933</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1201-9712</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000349" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Africa</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001419" MajorTopicYN="N">Bacteria</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000145" MajorTopicYN="N">classification</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001424" MajorTopicYN="N">Bacterial Infections</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="Y">epidemiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000382" MajorTopicYN="Y">microbiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003428" MajorTopicYN="N">Cross Infection</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="Y">epidemiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000382" MajorTopicYN="Y">microbiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004196" MajorTopicYN="Y">Disease Outbreaks</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006761" MajorTopicYN="N">Hospitals</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Africa</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Antimicrobial resistance</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Healthcare-associated infections</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Outbreaks</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2020</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>07</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2020</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>07</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>10</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>18</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2021</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>5</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>17</Day><Hour>20</Hour><Minute>11</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">33333248</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S1201-9712(20)32554-6</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.ijid.2020.12.030</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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