Feasibility study of axillary reverse mapping lymphoscintigraphy in carcinoma breast: A concept toward preventing lymphedema.
Identifieur interne : 000983 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 000982; suivant : 000984Feasibility study of axillary reverse mapping lymphoscintigraphy in carcinoma breast: A concept toward preventing lymphedema.
Auteurs : Sunny J. Gandhi ; C. Satish ; Palaniswamy Shanmuga Sundaram ; Padma Subramanyam ; D K VijaykumarSource :
- Indian journal of nuclear medicine : IJNM : the official journal of the Society of Nuclear Medicine, India [ 0972-3919 ]
Abstract
In the surgery of breast cancer, axillary reverse mapping (ARM) is the identification and preservation of arm draining lymph node (ARM node) during an axillary dissection. The assumption is that the ARM node is different from node draining breast and is unlikely to be involved even in the patients with axillary nodal metastases. If we can identify and preserve ARM node using lymphoscintigraphy; morbidity of lymphedema, as seen with axillary dissection, may be avoided.
DOI: 10.4103/0972-3919.172341
PubMed: 26917887
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Feasibility study of axillary reverse mapping lymphoscintigraphy in carcinoma breast: A concept toward preventing lymphedema.</title><author><name sortKey="Gandhi, Sunny J" sort="Gandhi, Sunny J" uniqKey="Gandhi S" first="Sunny J" last="Gandhi">Sunny J. Gandhi</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET CT, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Satish, C" sort="Satish, C" uniqKey="Satish C" first="C" last="Satish">C. Satish</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Surgical Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sundaram, Palaniswamy Shanmuga" sort="Sundaram, Palaniswamy Shanmuga" uniqKey="Sundaram P" first="Palaniswamy Shanmuga" last="Sundaram">Palaniswamy Shanmuga Sundaram</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET CT, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Subramanyam, Padma" sort="Subramanyam, Padma" uniqKey="Subramanyam P" first="Padma" last="Subramanyam">Padma Subramanyam</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET CT, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vijaykumar, D K" sort="Vijaykumar, D K" uniqKey="Vijaykumar D" first="D K" last="Vijaykumar">D K Vijaykumar</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Surgical Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="????"><PubDate><MedlineDate>2016 Jan-Mar</MedlineDate></PubDate></date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:26917887</idno><idno type="pmid">26917887</idno><idno type="doi">10.4103/0972-3919.172341</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000983</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000983</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Feasibility study of axillary reverse mapping lymphoscintigraphy in carcinoma breast: A concept toward preventing lymphedema.</title><author><name sortKey="Gandhi, Sunny J" sort="Gandhi, Sunny J" uniqKey="Gandhi S" first="Sunny J" last="Gandhi">Sunny J. Gandhi</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET CT, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Satish, C" sort="Satish, C" uniqKey="Satish C" first="C" last="Satish">C. Satish</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Surgical Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sundaram, Palaniswamy Shanmuga" sort="Sundaram, Palaniswamy Shanmuga" uniqKey="Sundaram P" first="Palaniswamy Shanmuga" last="Sundaram">Palaniswamy Shanmuga Sundaram</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET CT, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Subramanyam, Padma" sort="Subramanyam, Padma" uniqKey="Subramanyam P" first="Padma" last="Subramanyam">Padma Subramanyam</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET CT, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vijaykumar, D K" sort="Vijaykumar, D K" uniqKey="Vijaykumar D" first="D K" last="Vijaykumar">D K Vijaykumar</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Surgical Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Indian journal of nuclear medicine : IJNM : the official journal of the Society of Nuclear Medicine, India</title><idno type="ISSN">0972-3919</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">In the surgery of breast cancer, axillary reverse mapping (ARM) is the identification and preservation of arm draining lymph node (ARM node) during an axillary dissection. The assumption is that the ARM node is different from node draining breast and is unlikely to be involved even in the patients with axillary nodal metastases. If we can identify and preserve ARM node using lymphoscintigraphy; morbidity of lymphedema, as seen with axillary dissection, may be avoided.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">26917887</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2016</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>26</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>26</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2017</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>20</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">0972-3919</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>31</Volume><Issue>1</Issue><PubDate><MedlineDate>2016 Jan-Mar</MedlineDate></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Indian journal of nuclear medicine : IJNM : the official journal of the Society of Nuclear Medicine, India</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Indian J Nucl Med</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Feasibility study of axillary reverse mapping lymphoscintigraphy in carcinoma breast: A concept toward preventing lymphedema.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>9-13</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.4103/0972-3919.172341</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVE" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">In the surgery of breast cancer, axillary reverse mapping (ARM) is the identification and preservation of arm draining lymph node (ARM node) during an axillary dissection. The assumption is that the ARM node is different from node draining breast and is unlikely to be involved even in the patients with axillary nodal metastases. If we can identify and preserve ARM node using lymphoscintigraphy; morbidity of lymphedema, as seen with axillary dissection, may be avoided.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="MATERIALS AND METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">Pathologically proven 50 breast cancer patients undergoing initial surgery (cTx-4, cN0-2, and Mx-0) were included in this study. Less than 37 MBq, 0.5 ml in equally divided doses of filtered 99mTc sulfur colloid was injected intradermally into the second and third web spaces. ARM nodes in the axilla were identified with the help of Gamma Probe intraoperatively; however, their location was noted with the reference to specific anatomical landmarks and sent for histopathological examination after excision.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">The ARM node was successfully identified in 47/50 cases (sensitivity - 94%). In 40 out of 47 cases (85%), the location of the ARM node was found to lateral to the subscapular pedicle, above the second intercostobrachial nerve and just below the axillary vein. Of the 47 patients in whom ARM node/s were identified, metastasis was noted in 5 of them (10%). Four out of these 5 patients had the pN3 disease.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSION" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">ARM node exists, and it is feasible to identify ARM node using radio isotope technique with an excellent sensitivity. ARM node seems to have a fairly constant location in more than 80% cases. It is involved with metastasis (10% cases) only when there are multiple lymph nodal metastases in the axilla.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gandhi</LastName><ForeName>Sunny J</ForeName><Initials>SJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET CT, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Satish</LastName><ForeName>C</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Surgical Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sundaram</LastName><ForeName>Palaniswamy Shanmuga</ForeName><Initials>PS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET CT, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Subramanyam</LastName><ForeName>Padma</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET CT, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Vijaykumar</LastName><ForeName>D K</ForeName><Initials>DK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Surgical Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>India</Country><MedlineTA>Indian J Nucl Med</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>8901274</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0974-0244</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CommentsCorrectionsList><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Arch Surg. 2003 May;138(5):482-7; 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