Risk Factors for Podoconiosis: Kamwenge District, Western Uganda, September 2015.
Identifieur interne : 000102 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 000101; suivant : 000103Risk Factors for Podoconiosis: Kamwenge District, Western Uganda, September 2015.
Auteurs : Christine Kihembo ; Ben Masiira ; William Z. Lali ; Gabriel K. Matwale ; Joseph K B. Matovu ; Frank Kaharuza ; Alex R. Ario ; Immaculate Nabukenya ; Issa Makumbi ; Monica Musenero ; Bao-Ping Zhu ; Miriam NanyunjaSource :
- The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene [ 1476-1645 ] ; 2017.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Case-Control Studies, Elephantiasis (diagnosis), Elephantiasis (epidemiology), Elephantiasis, Filarial (diagnosis), Elephantiasis, Filarial (epidemiology), Female, Health Behavior, Humans, Hygiene, Male, Middle Aged, Neglected Diseases (diagnosis), Neglected Diseases (epidemiology), Prevalence, Risk Factors, Sample Size, Shoes, Soil (parasitology), Uganda (epidemiology), Young Adult.
- MESH :
- chemical , parasitology : Soil.
- diagnosis : Elephantiasis, Elephantiasis, Filarial, Neglected Diseases.
- epidemiology : Elephantiasis, Elephantiasis, Filarial, Neglected Diseases, Uganda.
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Case-Control Studies, Female, Health Behavior, Humans, Hygiene, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Sample Size, Shoes, Young Adult.
Abstract
AbstractPodoconiosis, a noninfectious elephantiasis, is a disabling neglected tropical disease. In August 2015, an elephantiasis case-cluster was reported in Kamwenge District, western Uganda. We investigated to identify the disease's nature and risk factors. We defined a suspected podoconiosis case as onset in a Kamwenge resident of bilateral asymmetrical lower limb swelling lasting ≥ 1 month, plus ≥ 1 of the following associated symptoms: skin itching, burning sensation, plantar edema, lymph ooze, prominent skin markings, rigid toes, or mossy papillomata. A probable case was a suspected case with negative microfilaria antigen immunochromatographic card test (ruling out filarial elephantiasis). We conducted active case-finding. In a case-control investigation, we tested the hypothesis that the disease was caused by prolonged foot skin exposure to irritant soils, using 40 probable case-persons and 80 asymptomatic village control-persons, individually matched by age and sex. We collected soil samples to characterize irritants. We identified 52 suspected (including 40 probable) cases with onset from 1980 to 2015. Prevalence rates increased with age; annual incidence (by reported onset of disease) was stable over time at 2.9/100,000. We found that 93% (37/40) of cases and 68% (54/80) of controls never wore shoes at work (Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio [ORMH] = 7.7; 95% [confidence interval] CI = 2.0-30); 80% (32/40) of cases and 49% (39/80) of controls never wore shoes at home (ORMH = 5.2; 95% CI = 1.8-15); and 70% (27/39) of cases and 44% (35/79) of controls washed feet at day end (versus immediately after work) (OR = 11; 95% CI = 2.1-56). Soil samples were characterized as rich black-red volcanic clays. In conclusion, this reported elephantiasis is podoconiosis associated with prolonged foot exposure to volcanic soil. We recommended foot hygiene and universal use of protective shoes.
DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.16-0932
PubMed: 28719274
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:28719274Le document en format XML
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Lali</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>World Health Organization Uganda Country Office, Kampala, Uganda.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Matwale, Gabriel K" sort="Matwale, Gabriel K" uniqKey="Matwale G" first="Gabriel K" last="Matwale">Gabriel K. Matwale</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Vector Control Division, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Matovu, Joseph K B" sort="Matovu, Joseph K B" uniqKey="Matovu J" first="Joseph K B" last="Matovu">Joseph K B. Matovu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kaharuza, Frank" sort="Kaharuza, Frank" uniqKey="Kaharuza F" first="Frank" last="Kaharuza">Frank Kaharuza</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ario, Alex R" sort="Ario, Alex R" uniqKey="Ario A" first="Alex R" last="Ario">Alex R. Ario</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Uganda Public Health Fellowship Program, Field Epidemiology Track, Kampala, Uganda.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nabukenya, Immaculate" sort="Nabukenya, Immaculate" uniqKey="Nabukenya I" first="Immaculate" last="Nabukenya">Immaculate Nabukenya</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Epidemiology and Surveillance Division, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Makumbi, Issa" sort="Makumbi, Issa" uniqKey="Makumbi I" first="Issa" last="Makumbi">Issa Makumbi</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Public Health Emergency Operations Centre, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Musenero, Monica" sort="Musenero, Monica" uniqKey="Musenero M" first="Monica" last="Musenero">Monica Musenero</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Epidemiology and Surveillance Division, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhu, Bao Ping" sort="Zhu, Bao Ping" uniqKey="Zhu B" first="Bao-Ping" last="Zhu">Bao-Ping Zhu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kampala, Uganda.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nanyunja, Miriam" sort="Nanyunja, Miriam" uniqKey="Nanyunja M" first="Miriam" last="Nanyunja">Miriam Nanyunja</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>World Health Organization Uganda Country Office, Kampala, Uganda.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2017">2017</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:28719274</idno><idno type="pmid">28719274</idno><idno type="doi">10.4269/ajtmh.16-0932</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000102</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000102</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Risk Factors for Podoconiosis: Kamwenge District, Western Uganda, September 2015.</title><author><name sortKey="Kihembo, Christine" sort="Kihembo, Christine" uniqKey="Kihembo C" first="Christine" last="Kihembo">Christine Kihembo</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Epidemiology and Surveillance Division, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Masiira, Ben" sort="Masiira, Ben" uniqKey="Masiira B" first="Ben" last="Masiira">Ben Masiira</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Epidemiology and Surveillance Division, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lali, William Z" sort="Lali, William Z" uniqKey="Lali W" first="William Z" last="Lali">William Z. Lali</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>World Health Organization Uganda Country Office, Kampala, Uganda.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Matwale, Gabriel K" sort="Matwale, Gabriel K" uniqKey="Matwale G" first="Gabriel K" last="Matwale">Gabriel K. Matwale</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Vector Control Division, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Matovu, Joseph K B" sort="Matovu, Joseph K B" uniqKey="Matovu J" first="Joseph K B" last="Matovu">Joseph K B. Matovu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kaharuza, Frank" sort="Kaharuza, Frank" uniqKey="Kaharuza F" first="Frank" last="Kaharuza">Frank Kaharuza</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ario, Alex R" sort="Ario, Alex R" uniqKey="Ario A" first="Alex R" last="Ario">Alex R. Ario</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Uganda Public Health Fellowship Program, Field Epidemiology Track, Kampala, Uganda.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nabukenya, Immaculate" sort="Nabukenya, Immaculate" uniqKey="Nabukenya I" first="Immaculate" last="Nabukenya">Immaculate Nabukenya</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Epidemiology and Surveillance Division, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Makumbi, Issa" sort="Makumbi, Issa" uniqKey="Makumbi I" first="Issa" last="Makumbi">Issa Makumbi</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Public Health Emergency Operations Centre, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Musenero, Monica" sort="Musenero, Monica" uniqKey="Musenero M" first="Monica" last="Musenero">Monica Musenero</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Epidemiology and Surveillance Division, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhu, Bao Ping" sort="Zhu, Bao Ping" uniqKey="Zhu B" first="Bao-Ping" last="Zhu">Bao-Ping Zhu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kampala, Uganda.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nanyunja, Miriam" sort="Nanyunja, Miriam" uniqKey="Nanyunja M" first="Miriam" last="Nanyunja">Miriam Nanyunja</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>World Health Organization Uganda Country Office, Kampala, Uganda.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene</title><idno type="eISSN">1476-1645</idno><imprint><date when="2017" type="published">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Aged</term><term>Aged, 80 and over</term><term>Case-Control Studies</term><term>Elephantiasis (diagnosis)</term><term>Elephantiasis (epidemiology)</term><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial (diagnosis)</term><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial (epidemiology)</term><term>Female</term><term>Health Behavior</term><term>Humans</term><term>Hygiene</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Neglected Diseases (diagnosis)</term><term>Neglected Diseases (epidemiology)</term><term>Prevalence</term><term>Risk Factors</term><term>Sample Size</term><term>Shoes</term><term>Soil (parasitology)</term><term>Uganda (epidemiology)</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="parasitology" xml:lang="en"><term>Soil</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="diagnosis" xml:lang="en"><term>Elephantiasis</term><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial</term><term>Neglected Diseases</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Elephantiasis</term><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial</term><term>Neglected Diseases</term><term>Uganda</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Aged</term><term>Aged, 80 and over</term><term>Case-Control Studies</term><term>Female</term><term>Health Behavior</term><term>Humans</term><term>Hygiene</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Prevalence</term><term>Risk Factors</term><term>Sample Size</term><term>Shoes</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">AbstractPodoconiosis, a noninfectious elephantiasis, is a disabling neglected tropical disease. In August 2015, an elephantiasis case-cluster was reported in Kamwenge District, western Uganda. We investigated to identify the disease's nature and risk factors. We defined a suspected podoconiosis case as onset in a Kamwenge resident of bilateral asymmetrical lower limb swelling lasting ≥ 1 month, plus ≥ 1 of the following associated symptoms: skin itching, burning sensation, plantar edema, lymph ooze, prominent skin markings, rigid toes, or mossy papillomata. A probable case was a suspected case with negative microfilaria antigen immunochromatographic card test (ruling out filarial elephantiasis). We conducted active case-finding. In a case-control investigation, we tested the hypothesis that the disease was caused by prolonged foot skin exposure to irritant soils, using 40 probable case-persons and 80 asymptomatic village control-persons, individually matched by age and sex. We collected soil samples to characterize irritants. We identified 52 suspected (including 40 probable) cases with onset from 1980 to 2015. Prevalence rates increased with age; annual incidence (by reported onset of disease) was stable over time at 2.9/100,000. We found that 93% (37/40) of cases and 68% (54/80) of controls never wore shoes at work (Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio [ORMH] = 7.7; 95% [confidence interval] CI = 2.0-30); 80% (32/40) of cases and 49% (39/80) of controls never wore shoes at home (ORMH = 5.2; 95% CI = 1.8-15); and 70% (27/39) of cases and 44% (35/79) of controls washed feet at day end (versus immediately after work) (OR = 11; 95% CI = 2.1-56). Soil samples were characterized as rich black-red volcanic clays. In conclusion, this reported elephantiasis is podoconiosis associated with prolonged foot exposure to volcanic soil. We recommended foot hygiene and universal use of protective shoes.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">28719274</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2017</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>18</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2017</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>23</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2017</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>23</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1476-1645</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>96</Volume><Issue>6</Issue><PubDate><Year>2017</Year><Month>Jun</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Risk Factors for Podoconiosis: Kamwenge District, Western Uganda, September 2015.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>1490-1496</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.4269/ajtmh.16-0932</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>AbstractPodoconiosis, a noninfectious elephantiasis, is a disabling neglected tropical disease. In August 2015, an elephantiasis case-cluster was reported in Kamwenge District, western Uganda. We investigated to identify the disease's nature and risk factors. We defined a suspected podoconiosis case as onset in a Kamwenge resident of bilateral asymmetrical lower limb swelling lasting ≥ 1 month, plus ≥ 1 of the following associated symptoms: skin itching, burning sensation, plantar edema, lymph ooze, prominent skin markings, rigid toes, or mossy papillomata. A probable case was a suspected case with negative microfilaria antigen immunochromatographic card test (ruling out filarial elephantiasis). We conducted active case-finding. In a case-control investigation, we tested the hypothesis that the disease was caused by prolonged foot skin exposure to irritant soils, using 40 probable case-persons and 80 asymptomatic village control-persons, individually matched by age and sex. We collected soil samples to characterize irritants. We identified 52 suspected (including 40 probable) cases with onset from 1980 to 2015. Prevalence rates increased with age; annual incidence (by reported onset of disease) was stable over time at 2.9/100,000. We found that 93% (37/40) of cases and 68% (54/80) of controls never wore shoes at work (Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio [ORMH] = 7.7; 95% [confidence interval] CI = 2.0-30); 80% (32/40) of cases and 49% (39/80) of controls never wore shoes at home (ORMH = 5.2; 95% CI = 1.8-15); and 70% (27/39) of cases and 44% (35/79) of controls washed feet at day end (versus immediately after work) (OR = 11; 95% CI = 2.1-56). Soil samples were characterized as rich black-red volcanic clays. In conclusion, this reported elephantiasis is podoconiosis associated with prolonged foot exposure to volcanic soil. We recommended foot hygiene and universal use of protective shoes.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kihembo</LastName><ForeName>Christine</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Epidemiology and Surveillance Division, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Uganda Public Health Fellowship Program, Field Epidemiology Track, Kampala, Uganda.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Masiira</LastName><ForeName>Ben</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Epidemiology and Surveillance Division, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Uganda Public Health Fellowship Program, Field Epidemiology Track, Kampala, Uganda.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lali</LastName><ForeName>William Z</ForeName><Initials>WZ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>World Health Organization Uganda Country Office, Kampala, Uganda.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Matwale</LastName><ForeName>Gabriel K</ForeName><Initials>GK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Vector Control Division, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Matovu</LastName><ForeName>Joseph K B</ForeName><Initials>JKB</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kaharuza</LastName><ForeName>Frank</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ario</LastName><ForeName>Alex R</ForeName><Initials>AR</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Uganda Public Health Fellowship Program, Field Epidemiology Track, Kampala, Uganda.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nabukenya</LastName><ForeName>Immaculate</ForeName><Initials>I</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Epidemiology and Surveillance Division, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Makumbi</LastName><ForeName>Issa</ForeName><Initials>I</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Public Health Emergency Operations Centre, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Musenero</LastName><ForeName>Monica</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Epidemiology and Surveillance Division, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhu</LastName><ForeName>Bao-Ping</ForeName><Initials>BP</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kampala, Uganda.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nanyunja</LastName><ForeName>Miriam</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>World Health Organization Uganda Country Office, Kampala, Uganda.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Am J Trop Med Hyg</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>0370507</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0002-9637</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D012987">Soil</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>AIM</CitationSubset><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><CommentsCorrectionsList><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2014 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