Assessing the presence of Wuchereria bancrofti in vector and human populations from urban communities in Conakry, Guinea
Identifieur interne : 000E04 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000E03; suivant : 000E05Assessing the presence of Wuchereria bancrofti in vector and human populations from urban communities in Conakry, Guinea
Auteurs : Bernard L. Kouassi [Suisse] ; Dziedzom K. De Souza [Ghana] ; Andre Goepogui [Guinée] ; Charles A. Narh [Ghana] ; Sandra A. King [Ghana] ; Baldé S. Mamadou [Guinée] ; Lamia Diakité [Guinée] ; Samuel K. Dadzie [Ghana] ; Daniel A. Boakye [Ghana] ; Jürg Utzinger [Suisse] ; Moses J. Bockarie [Royaume-Uni] ; Benjamin G. Koudou [Royaume-Uni]Source :
- Parasites & Vectors [ 1756-3305 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
The Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis was launched in 2000 with the goal of interrupting transmission of lymphatic filariasis (LF) through multiple rounds of mass drug administration (MDA). In Guinea, there is evidence of ongoing LF transmission, but little is known about the most densely populated parts of the country, including the capital Conakry. In order to guide the LF control and elimination efforts, serological and entomological surveys were carried out to determine whether or not LF transmission occurs in Conakry.
The prevalence of circulating filarial antigen (CFA) of
CFA test revealed no infection in the 611 individuals examined. A total of 14,334 mosquitoes were collected; 14,135
This study revealed the presence of
Url:
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-015-1077-x
PubMed: 26410739
PubMed Central: 4583765
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Bernard L. Kouassi<affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Côte d’Ivoire</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff2">Unité de Formation et de Recherche Science de la Nature, Université Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Côte d’Ivoire</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff3">Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff4">University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country>
<wicri:regionArea>University of Basel, Basel</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff2">Unité de Formation et de Recherche Science de la Nature, Université Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Côte d’Ivoire</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff3">Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country>
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</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff4">University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country>
<wicri:regionArea>University of Basel, Basel</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Côte d’Ivoire</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff2">Unité de Formation et de Recherche Science de la Nature, Université Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Côte d’Ivoire</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff7">Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
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<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Côte d’Ivoire</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff7">Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Diakite, Lamia" sort="Diakite, Lamia" uniqKey="Diakite L" first="Lamia" last="Diakité">Lamia Diakité</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Dadzie, Samuel K" sort="Dadzie, Samuel K" uniqKey="Dadzie S" first="Samuel K." last="Dadzie">Samuel K. Dadzie</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Bockarie, Moses J" sort="Bockarie, Moses J" uniqKey="Bockarie M" first="Moses J." last="Bockarie">Moses J. Bockarie</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Koudou, Benjamin G" sort="Koudou, Benjamin G" uniqKey="Koudou B" first="Benjamin G." last="Koudou">Benjamin G. Koudou</name>
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<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Côte d’Ivoire</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff2">Unité de Formation et de Recherche Science de la Nature, Université Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Côte d’Ivoire</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff7">Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool</wicri:regionArea>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Assessing the presence of <italic>Wuchereria bancrofti</italic>
in vector and human populations from urban communities in Conakry, Guinea</title>
<author><name sortKey="Kouassi, Bernard L" sort="Kouassi, Bernard L" uniqKey="Kouassi B" first="Bernard L." last="Kouassi">Bernard L. Kouassi</name>
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<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Côte d’Ivoire</wicri:noCountry>
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<affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff2">Unité de Formation et de Recherche Science de la Nature, Université Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Côte d’Ivoire</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff3">Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel</wicri:regionArea>
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<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff4">University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country>
<wicri:regionArea>University of Basel, Basel</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="De Souza, Dziedzom K" sort="De Souza, Dziedzom K" uniqKey="De Souza D" first="Dziedzom K." last="De Souza">Dziedzom K. De Souza</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff5">Parasitology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Parasitology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Goepogui, Andre" sort="Goepogui, Andre" uniqKey="Goepogui A" first="Andre" last="Goepogui">Andre Goepogui</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff6">Programme National de Lutte contre l’Onchocercose, le Trachome et les autres Maladies Tropicales Négligées, Ministère de la Santé Publique, Conakry, Guinea</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Guinée</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Programme National de Lutte contre l’Onchocercose, le Trachome et les autres Maladies Tropicales Négligées, Ministère de la Santé Publique, Conakry</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Narh, Charles A" sort="Narh, Charles A" uniqKey="Narh C" first="Charles A." last="Narh">Charles A. Narh</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff5">Parasitology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Parasitology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="King, Sandra A" sort="King, Sandra A" uniqKey="King S" first="Sandra A." last="King">Sandra A. King</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff5">Parasitology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Parasitology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mamadou, Balde S" sort="Mamadou, Balde S" uniqKey="Mamadou B" first="Baldé S." last="Mamadou">Baldé S. Mamadou</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff6">Programme National de Lutte contre l’Onchocercose, le Trachome et les autres Maladies Tropicales Négligées, Ministère de la Santé Publique, Conakry, Guinea</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Guinée</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Programme National de Lutte contre l’Onchocercose, le Trachome et les autres Maladies Tropicales Négligées, Ministère de la Santé Publique, Conakry</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Diakite, Lamia" sort="Diakite, Lamia" uniqKey="Diakite L" first="Lamia" last="Diakité">Lamia Diakité</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff6">Programme National de Lutte contre l’Onchocercose, le Trachome et les autres Maladies Tropicales Négligées, Ministère de la Santé Publique, Conakry, Guinea</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Guinée</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Programme National de Lutte contre l’Onchocercose, le Trachome et les autres Maladies Tropicales Négligées, Ministère de la Santé Publique, Conakry</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dadzie, Samuel K" sort="Dadzie, Samuel K" uniqKey="Dadzie S" first="Samuel K." last="Dadzie">Samuel K. Dadzie</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff5">Parasitology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Parasitology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Boakye, Daniel A" sort="Boakye, Daniel A" uniqKey="Boakye D" first="Daniel A." last="Boakye">Daniel A. Boakye</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff5">Parasitology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Parasitology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Utzinger, Jurg" sort="Utzinger, Jurg" uniqKey="Utzinger J" first="Jürg" last="Utzinger">Jürg Utzinger</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff3">Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff4">University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country>
<wicri:regionArea>University of Basel, Basel</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bockarie, Moses J" sort="Bockarie, Moses J" uniqKey="Bockarie M" first="Moses J." last="Bockarie">Moses J. Bockarie</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff7">Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Koudou, Benjamin G" sort="Koudou, Benjamin G" uniqKey="Koudou B" first="Benjamin G." last="Koudou">Benjamin G. Koudou</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Côte d’Ivoire</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff2">Unité de Formation et de Recherche Science de la Nature, Université Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Côte d’Ivoire</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff7">Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Parasites & Vectors</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1756-3305</idno>
<imprint><date when="2015">2015</date>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title>
<p>The Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis was launched in 2000 with the goal of interrupting transmission of lymphatic filariasis (LF) through multiple rounds of mass drug administration (MDA). In Guinea, there is evidence of ongoing LF transmission, but little is known about the most densely populated parts of the country, including the capital Conakry. In order to guide the LF control and elimination efforts, serological and entomological surveys were carried out to determine whether or not LF transmission occurs in Conakry.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Methods</title>
<p>The prevalence of circulating filarial antigen (CFA) of <italic>Wuchereria bancrofti</italic>
was assessed by an immuno-chromatography test (ICT) in people recruited from all five districts of Conakry. Mosquitoes were collected over a 1-year period, in 195 households in 15 communities. A proportion of mosquitoes were analysed for <italic>W. bancrofti</italic>
, using dissection, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay and conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR).</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Results</title>
<p>CFA test revealed no infection in the 611 individuals examined. A total of 14,334 mosquitoes were collected; 14,135 <italic>Culex</italic>
(98.6 %), 161 <italic>Anopheles</italic>
(1.1 %) and a few other species. Out of 1,312 <italic>Culex</italic>
spp. (9.3 %) and 51 <italic>An. gambiae</italic>
(31.7 %) dissected, none was infected with any stage of the <italic>W. bancrofti</italic>
parasite. However, the LAMP assay revealed that 1.8 % of <italic>An. gambiae</italic>
and 0.31 % of <italic>Culex</italic>
spp. were positive, while PCR determined respective prevalences of 0 % and 0.19 %.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusions</title>
<p>This study revealed the presence of <italic>W. bancrofti</italic>
DNA in mosquitoes, despite the apparent absence of infection in the human population. Although MDA interventions are not recommended where the prevalence of ICT is below 1 %, the entomological results are suggestive of the circulation of the parasite in the population of Conakry. Therefore, rigorous surveillance is still warranted so that LF transmission in Conakry would be identified rapidly and adequate responses being implemented.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
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</back>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Parasit Vectors</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Parasit Vectors</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Parasites & Vectors</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1756-3305</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>BioMed Central</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>London</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">26410739</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4583765</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1077</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1186/s13071-015-1077-x</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Assessing the presence of <italic>Wuchereria bancrofti</italic>
in vector and human populations from urban communities in Conakry, Guinea</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kouassi</surname>
<given-names>Bernard L.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff2"></xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff3"></xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff4"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>de Souza</surname>
<given-names>Dziedzom K.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff5"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Goepogui</surname>
<given-names>Andre</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff6"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Narh</surname>
<given-names>Charles A.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff5"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>King</surname>
<given-names>Sandra A.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff5"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mamadou</surname>
<given-names>Baldé S.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff6"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Diakité</surname>
<given-names>Lamia</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff6"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Dadzie</surname>
<given-names>Samuel K.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff5"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Boakye</surname>
<given-names>Daniel A.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff5"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Utzinger</surname>
<given-names>Jürg</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff3"></xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff4"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bockarie</surname>
<given-names>Moses J.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff7"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Koudou</surname>
<given-names>Benjamin G.</given-names>
</name>
<address><email>benjamin.koudou@lstmed.ac.uk</email>
</address>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff2"></xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff7"></xref>
</contrib>
<aff id="Aff1"><label></label>
Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire</aff>
<aff id="Aff2"><label></label>
Unité de Formation et de Recherche Science de la Nature, Université Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire</aff>
<aff id="Aff3"><label></label>
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland</aff>
<aff id="Aff4"><label></label>
University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland</aff>
<aff id="Aff5"><label></label>
Parasitology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana</aff>
<aff id="Aff6"><label></label>
Programme National de Lutte contre l’Onchocercose, le Trachome et les autres Maladies Tropicales Négligées, Ministère de la Santé Publique, Conakry, Guinea</aff>
<aff id="Aff7"><label></label>
Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK</aff>
</contrib-group>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day>
<month>9</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>26</day>
<month>9</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>8</volume>
<elocation-id>492</elocation-id>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>21</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2015</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>8</day>
<month>9</month>
<year>2015</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© Kouassi et al. 2015</copyright-statement>
<license license-type="OpenAccess"><license-p><bold>Open Access</bold>
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link>
), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/</ext-link>
) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract id="Abs1"><sec><title>Background</title>
<p>The Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis was launched in 2000 with the goal of interrupting transmission of lymphatic filariasis (LF) through multiple rounds of mass drug administration (MDA). In Guinea, there is evidence of ongoing LF transmission, but little is known about the most densely populated parts of the country, including the capital Conakry. In order to guide the LF control and elimination efforts, serological and entomological surveys were carried out to determine whether or not LF transmission occurs in Conakry.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Methods</title>
<p>The prevalence of circulating filarial antigen (CFA) of <italic>Wuchereria bancrofti</italic>
was assessed by an immuno-chromatography test (ICT) in people recruited from all five districts of Conakry. Mosquitoes were collected over a 1-year period, in 195 households in 15 communities. A proportion of mosquitoes were analysed for <italic>W. bancrofti</italic>
, using dissection, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay and conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR).</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Results</title>
<p>CFA test revealed no infection in the 611 individuals examined. A total of 14,334 mosquitoes were collected; 14,135 <italic>Culex</italic>
(98.6 %), 161 <italic>Anopheles</italic>
(1.1 %) and a few other species. Out of 1,312 <italic>Culex</italic>
spp. (9.3 %) and 51 <italic>An. gambiae</italic>
(31.7 %) dissected, none was infected with any stage of the <italic>W. bancrofti</italic>
parasite. However, the LAMP assay revealed that 1.8 % of <italic>An. gambiae</italic>
and 0.31 % of <italic>Culex</italic>
spp. were positive, while PCR determined respective prevalences of 0 % and 0.19 %.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusions</title>
<p>This study revealed the presence of <italic>W. bancrofti</italic>
DNA in mosquitoes, despite the apparent absence of infection in the human population. Although MDA interventions are not recommended where the prevalence of ICT is below 1 %, the entomological results are suggestive of the circulation of the parasite in the population of Conakry. Therefore, rigorous surveillance is still warranted so that LF transmission in Conakry would be identified rapidly and adequate responses being implemented.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>
<kwd-group xml:lang="en"><title>Keywords</title>
<kwd>Guinea</kwd>
<kwd>Lymphatic filariasis</kwd>
<kwd>Mass drug administration</kwd>
<kwd>Transmission</kwd>
<kwd><italic>Wuchereria bancrofti</italic>
</kwd>
</kwd-group>
<custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>issue-copyright-statement</meta-name>
<meta-value>© The Author(s) 2015</meta-value>
</custom-meta>
</custom-meta-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>
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