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<title xml:lang="en">Staging Lymphadenectomy in Patients with Clear Cell Carcinoma of the Ovary</title>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mueller, Jennifer J" sort="Mueller, Jennifer J" uniqKey="Mueller J" first="Jennifer J" last="Mueller">Jennifer J. Mueller</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A1">Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Holzapfel, Marie" sort="Holzapfel, Marie" uniqKey="Holzapfel M" first="Marie" last="Holzapfel">Marie Holzapfel</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Han, Chan H" sort="Han, Chan H" uniqKey="Han C" first="Chan H." last="Han">Chan H. Han</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A1">Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Santos, Kevin" sort="Santos, Kevin" uniqKey="Santos K" first="Kevin" last="Santos">Kevin Santos</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A1">Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gunderson, Camille" sort="Gunderson, Camille" uniqKey="Gunderson C" first="Camille" last="Gunderson">Camille Gunderson</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A3">University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Moore, Kathleen" sort="Moore, Kathleen" uniqKey="Moore K" first="Kathleen" last="Moore">Kathleen Moore</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A3">University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Erickson, Britt" sort="Erickson, Britt" uniqKey="Erickson B" first="Britt" last="Erickson">Britt Erickson</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A4">University of Alabama at Birmingham, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Birmingham, AL, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Leath, Charles A" sort="Leath, Charles A" uniqKey="Leath C" first="Charles A." last="Leath">Charles A. Leath</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A4">University of Alabama at Birmingham, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Birmingham, AL, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Diaz, Elena" sort="Diaz, Elena" uniqKey="Diaz E" first="Elena" last="Diaz">Elena Diaz</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Walsh, Christine" sort="Walsh, Christine" uniqKey="Walsh C" first="Christine" last="Walsh">Christine Walsh</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wethington, Stephanie L" sort="Wethington, Stephanie L" uniqKey="Wethington S" first="Stephanie L" last="Wethington">Stephanie L. Wethington</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A1">Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Dejbakhsh, Sheila Z" sort="Dejbakhsh, Sheila Z" uniqKey="Dejbakhsh S" first="Sheila Z" last="Dejbakhsh">Sheila Z. Dejbakhsh</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A1">Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Barakat, Richard R" sort="Barakat, Richard R" uniqKey="Barakat R" first="Richard R" last="Barakat">Richard R. Barakat</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A1">Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A5">Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gardner, Ginger J" sort="Gardner, Ginger J" uniqKey="Gardner G" first="Ginger J" last="Gardner">Ginger J. Gardner</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A1">Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A5">Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hyman, David M" sort="Hyman, David M" uniqKey="Hyman D" first="David M" last="Hyman">David M. Hyman</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A1">Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A6">Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Soslow, Robert A" sort="Soslow, Robert A" uniqKey="Soslow R" first="Robert A" last="Soslow">Robert A. Soslow</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A7">Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A8">Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Leitao, Mario M" sort="Leitao, Mario M" uniqKey="Leitao M" first="Mario M" last="Leitao">Mario M. Leitao</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A1">Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A5">Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
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<idno type="doi">10.1097/IGC.0000000000000559</idno>
<date when="2016">2016</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">003907</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">003907</idno>
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<title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Staging Lymphadenectomy in Patients with Clear Cell Carcinoma of the Ovary</title>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mueller, Jennifer J" sort="Mueller, Jennifer J" uniqKey="Mueller J" first="Jennifer J" last="Mueller">Jennifer J. Mueller</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A1">Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Holzapfel, Marie" sort="Holzapfel, Marie" uniqKey="Holzapfel M" first="Marie" last="Holzapfel">Marie Holzapfel</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Han, Chan H" sort="Han, Chan H" uniqKey="Han C" first="Chan H." last="Han">Chan H. Han</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A1">Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Santos, Kevin" sort="Santos, Kevin" uniqKey="Santos K" first="Kevin" last="Santos">Kevin Santos</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A1">Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gunderson, Camille" sort="Gunderson, Camille" uniqKey="Gunderson C" first="Camille" last="Gunderson">Camille Gunderson</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A3">University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Moore, Kathleen" sort="Moore, Kathleen" uniqKey="Moore K" first="Kathleen" last="Moore">Kathleen Moore</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A3">University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Erickson, Britt" sort="Erickson, Britt" uniqKey="Erickson B" first="Britt" last="Erickson">Britt Erickson</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A4">University of Alabama at Birmingham, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Birmingham, AL, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Leath, Charles A" sort="Leath, Charles A" uniqKey="Leath C" first="Charles A." last="Leath">Charles A. Leath</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A4">University of Alabama at Birmingham, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Birmingham, AL, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Diaz, Elena" sort="Diaz, Elena" uniqKey="Diaz E" first="Elena" last="Diaz">Elena Diaz</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Walsh, Christine" sort="Walsh, Christine" uniqKey="Walsh C" first="Christine" last="Walsh">Christine Walsh</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wethington, Stephanie L" sort="Wethington, Stephanie L" uniqKey="Wethington S" first="Stephanie L" last="Wethington">Stephanie L. Wethington</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A1">Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Dejbakhsh, Sheila Z" sort="Dejbakhsh, Sheila Z" uniqKey="Dejbakhsh S" first="Sheila Z" last="Dejbakhsh">Sheila Z. Dejbakhsh</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A1">Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Barakat, Richard R" sort="Barakat, Richard R" uniqKey="Barakat R" first="Richard R" last="Barakat">Richard R. Barakat</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A1">Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A5">Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gardner, Ginger J" sort="Gardner, Ginger J" uniqKey="Gardner G" first="Ginger J" last="Gardner">Ginger J. Gardner</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A1">Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A5">Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hyman, David M" sort="Hyman, David M" uniqKey="Hyman D" first="David M" last="Hyman">David M. Hyman</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A1">Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A6">Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Soslow, Robert A" sort="Soslow, Robert A" uniqKey="Soslow R" first="Robert A" last="Soslow">Robert A. Soslow</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A7">Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A8">Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Leitao, Mario M" sort="Leitao, Mario M" uniqKey="Leitao M" first="Mario M" last="Leitao">Mario M. Leitao</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A1">Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A5">Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series>
<title level="j">International journal of gynecological cancer : official journal of the International Gynecological Cancer Society</title>
<idno type="ISSN">1048-891X</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1525-1438</idno>
<imprint>
<date when="2016">2016</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
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<textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">
<sec id="S1">
<title>Objective</title>
<p id="P1">The purpose of this study was to assess the rate of lymph node (LN) metastasis in comprehensively staged ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) clinically confined to the ovary and determine factors associated with LN metastasis.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S2">
<title>Methods</title>
<p id="P2">We identified all cases of OCCC treated at four institutions from January 1994 through December 2011. We included cases with disease grossly confined to the ovary that had surgical staging performed, including at least 10 LNs sampled. Clinical and pathologic data were abstracted from electronic medical records and a de-identified data set was compiled and processed at a single institution. Factors potentially associated with LN metastasis were tested. Appropriate statistical tests were performed.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S3">
<title>Results</title>
<p id="P3">We identified 145 eligible cases that met the criteria for this analysis. Median age was 52.9 years (range, 30–81), and median total LN count was 19 (range, 10–74). Seven (4.8%) of 145 comprehensively staged cases had LN metastasis; 6 of these cases (4.1%) were isolated metastasis. Cytologic washings, peritoneal, omental and fallopian tube involvement were not associated with nodal metastasis. Cases with ovarian surface involvement and positive cytology had a 37.5% incidence of LN positivity, which was statistically meaningful when compared with all other cases (p=0.003).</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S4">
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p id="P4">Women who underwent comprehensive staging for clinical stage I OCCC had a LN metastasis rate of 4.8%. The subgroup of cases with both ovarian surface involvement and positive cytology had the highest incidence of LN metastasis. This may influence clinical decision making on whether to perform lymphadenectomy in patients with incidental OCCC found after salpingo-oophorectomy.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="research-article">
<pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<pmc-dir>properties manuscript</pmc-dir>
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-journal-id">9111626</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="pubmed-jr-id">22047</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Int J Gynecol Cancer</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Int. J. Gynecol. Cancer</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>International journal of gynecological cancer : official journal of the International Gynecological Cancer Society</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">1048-891X</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1525-1438</issn>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmid">26509849</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4891809</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1097/IGC.0000000000000559</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">NIHMS782986</article-id>
<article-categories>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
<subject>Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group>
<article-title>Staging Lymphadenectomy in Patients with Clear Cell Carcinoma of the Ovary</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Mueller</surname>
<given-names>Jennifer J</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">a</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Holzapfel</surname>
<given-names>Marie</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">b</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Han</surname>
<given-names>Chan H.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">a</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Santos</surname>
<given-names>Kevin</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">a</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Gunderson</surname>
<given-names>Camille</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">c</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Moore</surname>
<given-names>Kathleen</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">c</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Erickson</surname>
<given-names>Britt</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A4">d</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Leath</surname>
<given-names>Charles A.</given-names>
<suffix>III</suffix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A4">d</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Diaz</surname>
<given-names>Elena</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">b</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Walsh</surname>
<given-names>Christine</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">b</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Wethington</surname>
<given-names>Stephanie L</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">a</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Dejbakhsh</surname>
<given-names>Sheila Z</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">a</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Barakat</surname>
<given-names>Richard R</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">a</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A5">e</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Gardner</surname>
<given-names>Ginger J</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">a</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A5">e</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Hyman</surname>
<given-names>David M</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">a</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A6">f</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Soslow</surname>
<given-names>Robert A</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A7">g</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A8">h</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Leitao</surname>
<given-names>Mario M</given-names>
<suffix>Jr</suffix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">a</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A5">e</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A1">
<label>a</label>
Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA</aff>
<aff id="A2">
<label>b</label>
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA</aff>
<aff id="A3">
<label>c</label>
University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA</aff>
<aff id="A4">
<label>d</label>
University of Alabama at Birmingham, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Birmingham, AL, USA</aff>
<aff id="A5">
<label>e</label>
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA</aff>
<aff id="A6">
<label>f</label>
Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA</aff>
<aff id="A7">
<label>g</label>
Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA</aff>
<aff id="A8">
<label>h</label>
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA</aff>
<author-notes>
<corresp id="cor1">Corresponding author: Mario M. Leitao Jr, MD, Gynecologic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065,
<email>leitaom@mskcc.org</email>
, Tel. 212-639-3987, Fax 212-366-4436</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted">
<day>13</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub">
<month>1</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release">
<day>01</day>
<month>1</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>26</volume>
<issue>1</issue>
<fpage>120</fpage>
<lpage>124</lpage>
<pmc-comment>elocation-id from pubmed: 10.1097/IGC.0000000000000559</pmc-comment>
<abstract>
<sec id="S1">
<title>Objective</title>
<p id="P1">The purpose of this study was to assess the rate of lymph node (LN) metastasis in comprehensively staged ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) clinically confined to the ovary and determine factors associated with LN metastasis.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S2">
<title>Methods</title>
<p id="P2">We identified all cases of OCCC treated at four institutions from January 1994 through December 2011. We included cases with disease grossly confined to the ovary that had surgical staging performed, including at least 10 LNs sampled. Clinical and pathologic data were abstracted from electronic medical records and a de-identified data set was compiled and processed at a single institution. Factors potentially associated with LN metastasis were tested. Appropriate statistical tests were performed.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S3">
<title>Results</title>
<p id="P3">We identified 145 eligible cases that met the criteria for this analysis. Median age was 52.9 years (range, 30–81), and median total LN count was 19 (range, 10–74). Seven (4.8%) of 145 comprehensively staged cases had LN metastasis; 6 of these cases (4.1%) were isolated metastasis. Cytologic washings, peritoneal, omental and fallopian tube involvement were not associated with nodal metastasis. Cases with ovarian surface involvement and positive cytology had a 37.5% incidence of LN positivity, which was statistically meaningful when compared with all other cases (p=0.003).</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S4">
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p id="P4">Women who underwent comprehensive staging for clinical stage I OCCC had a LN metastasis rate of 4.8%. The subgroup of cases with both ovarian surface involvement and positive cytology had the highest incidence of LN metastasis. This may influence clinical decision making on whether to perform lymphadenectomy in patients with incidental OCCC found after salpingo-oophorectomy.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd>ovarian cancer</kwd>
<kwd>lymph node</kwd>
<kwd>metastasis</kwd>
<kwd>staging</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>

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