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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Community-based field implementation scenarios of a short message service reporting tool for lymphatic filariasis case estimates in Africa and Asia</title>
<author><name sortKey="Mableson, Hayley E" sort="Mableson, Hayley E" uniqKey="Mableson H" first="Hayley E." last="Mableson">Hayley E. Mableson</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Department of Parasitology,<institution>Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine</institution>
,<addr-line>Liverpool L3 5QA</addr-line>
,<country>UK</country>
;</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Martindale, Sarah" sort="Martindale, Sarah" uniqKey="Martindale S" first="Sarah" last="Martindale">Sarah Martindale</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Department of Parasitology,<institution>Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine</institution>
,<addr-line>Liverpool L3 5QA</addr-line>
,<country>UK</country>
;</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stanton, Michelle C" sort="Stanton, Michelle C" uniqKey="Stanton M" first="Michelle C." last="Stanton">Michelle C. Stanton</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Parasitology,<institution>Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine</institution>
,<addr-line>Liverpool L3 5QA</addr-line>
,<country>UK</country>
;</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mackenzie, Charles" sort="Mackenzie, Charles" uniqKey="Mackenzie C" first="Charles" last="Mackenzie">Charles Mackenzie</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Department of Parasitology,<institution>Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine</institution>
,<addr-line>Liverpool L3 5QA</addr-line>
,<country>UK</country>
;</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Michigan State University</institution>
,<addr-line>East Lansing, MI 48824</addr-line>
,<country>USA</country>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kelly Hope, Louise A" sort="Kelly Hope, Louise A" uniqKey="Kelly Hope L" first="Louise A." last="Kelly-Hope">Louise A. Kelly-Hope</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Department of Parasitology,<institution>Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine</institution>
,<addr-line>Liverpool L3 5QA</addr-line>
,<country>UK</country>
;</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">28828375</idno>
<idno type="pmc">5547175</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5547175</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:5547175</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.21037/mhealth.2017.06.06</idno>
<date when="2017">2017</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">003082</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">003082</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Community-based field implementation scenarios of a short message service reporting tool for lymphatic filariasis case estimates in Africa and Asia</title>
<author><name sortKey="Mableson, Hayley E" sort="Mableson, Hayley E" uniqKey="Mableson H" first="Hayley E." last="Mableson">Hayley E. Mableson</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Department of Parasitology,<institution>Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine</institution>
,<addr-line>Liverpool L3 5QA</addr-line>
,<country>UK</country>
;</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Martindale, Sarah" sort="Martindale, Sarah" uniqKey="Martindale S" first="Sarah" last="Martindale">Sarah Martindale</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Department of Parasitology,<institution>Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine</institution>
,<addr-line>Liverpool L3 5QA</addr-line>
,<country>UK</country>
;</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stanton, Michelle C" sort="Stanton, Michelle C" uniqKey="Stanton M" first="Michelle C." last="Stanton">Michelle C. Stanton</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Parasitology,<institution>Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine</institution>
,<addr-line>Liverpool L3 5QA</addr-line>
,<country>UK</country>
;</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mackenzie, Charles" sort="Mackenzie, Charles" uniqKey="Mackenzie C" first="Charles" last="Mackenzie">Charles Mackenzie</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Department of Parasitology,<institution>Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine</institution>
,<addr-line>Liverpool L3 5QA</addr-line>
,<country>UK</country>
;</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Michigan State University</institution>
,<addr-line>East Lansing, MI 48824</addr-line>
,<country>USA</country>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kelly Hope, Louise A" sort="Kelly Hope, Louise A" uniqKey="Kelly Hope L" first="Louise A." last="Kelly-Hope">Louise A. Kelly-Hope</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Department of Parasitology,<institution>Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine</institution>
,<addr-line>Liverpool L3 5QA</addr-line>
,<country>UK</country>
;</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">mHealth</title>
<idno type="eISSN">2306-9740</idno>
<imprint><date when="2017">2017</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title>
<p>Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a neglected tropical disease (NTD) targeted for global elimination by 2020. Currently there is considerable international effort to scale-up morbidity management activities in endemic countries, however there remains a need for rapid, cost-effective methods and adaptable tools for obtaining estimates of people presenting with clinical manifestations of LF, namely lymphoedema and hydrocele. The mHealth tool ‘<italic>MeasureSMS-Morbidity</italic>
’ allows health workers in endemic areas to use their own mobile phones to send clinical information in a simple format using short message service (SMS). The experience gained through programmatic use of the tool in five endemic countries across a diversity of settings in Africa and Asia is used here to present implementation scenarios that are suitable for adapting the tool for use in a range of different programmatic, endemic, demographic and health system settings.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Methods</title>
<p>A checklist of five key factors and sub-questions was used to determine and define specific community-based field implementation scenarios for using the <italic>MeasureSMS-Morbidity</italic>
tool in a range of settings. These factors included: (I) tool feasibility (acceptability; community access and ownership); (II) LF endemicity (high; low prevalence); (III) population demography (urban; rural); (IV) health system structure (human resources; community access); and (V) integration with other diseases (co-endemicity).</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Results</title>
<p>Based on experiences in Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Malawi, Nepal and Tanzania, four implementation scenarios were identified as suitable for using the <italic>MeasureSMS-Morbidity</italic>
tool for searching and reporting LF clinical case data across a range of programmatic, endemic, demographic and health system settings. These include: (I) urban, high endemic setting with two-tier reporting; (II) rural, high endemic setting with one-tier reporting; (III) rural, high endemic setting with two-tier reporting; and (IV) low-endemic, urban and rural setting with one-tier reporting.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusions</title>
<p>A decision-making framework built from the key factors and questions, and the resulting four implementation scenarios is proposed as a means of using the <italic>MeasureSMS-Morbidity</italic>
tool. This framework will help national LF programmes consider appropriate methods to implement a survey using this tool to improve estimates of the clinical burden of LF. Obtaining LF case estimates is a vital step towards the elimination of LF as a public health problem in endemic countries.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Mhealth</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Mhealth</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">MH</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>mHealth</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2306-9740</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>AME Publishing Company</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">28828375</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">5547175</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">mh-03-2017.06.06</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21037/mhealth.2017.06.06</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Original Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Community-based field implementation scenarios of a short message service reporting tool for lymphatic filariasis case estimates in Africa and Asia</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mableson</surname>
<given-names>Hayley E.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="afn2">*</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Martindale</surname>
<given-names>Sarah</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="afn2">*</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Stanton</surname>
<given-names>Michelle C.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mackenzie</surname>
<given-names>Charles</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Kelly-Hope</surname>
<given-names>Louise A.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<aff id="aff1"><label>1</label>
Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Department of Parasitology,<institution>Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine</institution>
,<addr-line>Liverpool L3 5QA</addr-line>
,<country>UK</country>
;</aff>
<aff id="aff2"><label>2</label>
Department of Parasitology,<institution>Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine</institution>
,<addr-line>Liverpool L3 5QA</addr-line>
,<country>UK</country>
;</aff>
<aff id="aff3"><label>3</label>
<institution>Michigan State University</institution>
,<addr-line>East Lansing, MI 48824</addr-line>
,<country>USA</country>
</aff>
</contrib-group>
<author-notes><fn id="afn1"><p><italic>Contributions:</italic>
(I) Conception and design: All authors; (II) Administrative support: All authors; (III) Provision of study materials or patients: All authors; (IV) Collection and assembly of data: All authors; (V) Data analysis and interpretation: All authors; (VI) Manuscript writing: All authors; (VII) Final approval of manuscript: All authors.</p>
</fn>
<fn id="afn2" fn-type="equal"><label>*</label>
<p>These authors contributed equally to this work.</p>
</fn>
<corresp id="cor1"><italic>Correspondence to:</italic>
Louise A. Kelly-Hope. Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Department of Parasitology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK. Email: <email xlink:href="Louise.Kelly-Hope@lstmed.ac.uk">Louise.Kelly-Hope@lstmed.ac.uk</email>
.</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day>
<month>7</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>3</volume>
<elocation-id>28</elocation-id>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>25</day>
<month>4</month>
<year>2017</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>20</day>
<month>6</month>
<year>2017</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>2017 mHealth. All rights reserved.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2017</copyright-year>
<copyright-holder>mHealth.</copyright-holder>
</permissions>
<abstract><sec><title>Background</title>
<p>Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a neglected tropical disease (NTD) targeted for global elimination by 2020. Currently there is considerable international effort to scale-up morbidity management activities in endemic countries, however there remains a need for rapid, cost-effective methods and adaptable tools for obtaining estimates of people presenting with clinical manifestations of LF, namely lymphoedema and hydrocele. The mHealth tool ‘<italic>MeasureSMS-Morbidity</italic>
’ allows health workers in endemic areas to use their own mobile phones to send clinical information in a simple format using short message service (SMS). The experience gained through programmatic use of the tool in five endemic countries across a diversity of settings in Africa and Asia is used here to present implementation scenarios that are suitable for adapting the tool for use in a range of different programmatic, endemic, demographic and health system settings.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Methods</title>
<p>A checklist of five key factors and sub-questions was used to determine and define specific community-based field implementation scenarios for using the <italic>MeasureSMS-Morbidity</italic>
tool in a range of settings. These factors included: (I) tool feasibility (acceptability; community access and ownership); (II) LF endemicity (high; low prevalence); (III) population demography (urban; rural); (IV) health system structure (human resources; community access); and (V) integration with other diseases (co-endemicity).</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Results</title>
<p>Based on experiences in Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Malawi, Nepal and Tanzania, four implementation scenarios were identified as suitable for using the <italic>MeasureSMS-Morbidity</italic>
tool for searching and reporting LF clinical case data across a range of programmatic, endemic, demographic and health system settings. These include: (I) urban, high endemic setting with two-tier reporting; (II) rural, high endemic setting with one-tier reporting; (III) rural, high endemic setting with two-tier reporting; and (IV) low-endemic, urban and rural setting with one-tier reporting.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusions</title>
<p>A decision-making framework built from the key factors and questions, and the resulting four implementation scenarios is proposed as a means of using the <italic>MeasureSMS-Morbidity</italic>
tool. This framework will help national LF programmes consider appropriate methods to implement a survey using this tool to improve estimates of the clinical burden of LF. Obtaining LF case estimates is a vital step towards the elimination of LF as a public health problem in endemic countries.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>
<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author"><title>Keywords: </title>
<kwd>Lymphatic filariasis (LF)</kwd>
<kwd>morbidity mapping</kwd>
<kwd>short message service (SMS)</kwd>
<kwd>mHealth</kwd>
<kwd>lymphoedema</kwd>
<kwd>hydrocele</kwd>
<kwd>community health workers (CHWs)</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>
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