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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Risk Factors of Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema</title><author><name sortKey="Ugur, Saadet" sort="Ugur, Saadet" uniqKey="Ugur S" first="Saadet" last="Ugur">Saadet Ugur</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ar C, Cumhur" sort="Ar C, Cumhur" uniqKey="Ar C C" first="Cumhur" last="Ar C">Cumhur Ar C</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yaprak, Muhittin" sort="Yaprak, Muhittin" uniqKey="Yaprak M" first="Muhittin" last="Yaprak">Muhittin Yaprak</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mesc, Ayhan" sort="Mesc, Ayhan" uniqKey="Mesc A" first="Ayhan" last="Mesc">Ayhan Mesc</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ar C, Gulbin Ayse" sort="Ar C, Gulbin Ayse" uniqKey="Ar C G" first="Gulbin Ayse" last="Ar C">Gulbin Ayse Ar C</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dolay, Kemal" sort="Dolay, Kemal" uniqKey="Dolay K" first="Kemal" last="Dolay">Kemal Dolay</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ozmen, Vahit" sort="Ozmen, Vahit" uniqKey="Ozmen V" first="Vahit" last="Ozmen">Vahit Ozmen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">23772716</idno><idno type="pmc">3685313</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3685313</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3685313</idno><idno type="doi">10.1089/lrb.2013.0004</idno><date when="2013">2013</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">003026</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">003026</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Risk Factors of Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema</title><author><name sortKey="Ugur, Saadet" sort="Ugur, Saadet" uniqKey="Ugur S" first="Saadet" last="Ugur">Saadet Ugur</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ar C, Cumhur" sort="Ar C, Cumhur" uniqKey="Ar C C" first="Cumhur" last="Ar C">Cumhur Ar C</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yaprak, Muhittin" sort="Yaprak, Muhittin" uniqKey="Yaprak M" first="Muhittin" last="Yaprak">Muhittin Yaprak</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mesc, Ayhan" sort="Mesc, Ayhan" uniqKey="Mesc A" first="Ayhan" last="Mesc">Ayhan Mesc</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ar C, Gulbin Ayse" sort="Ar C, Gulbin Ayse" uniqKey="Ar C G" first="Gulbin Ayse" last="Ar C">Gulbin Ayse Ar C</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dolay, Kemal" sort="Dolay, Kemal" uniqKey="Dolay K" first="Kemal" last="Dolay">Kemal Dolay</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ozmen, Vahit" sort="Ozmen, Vahit" uniqKey="Ozmen V" first="Vahit" last="Ozmen">Vahit Ozmen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Lymphatic Research and Biology</title><idno type="ISSN">1539-6851</idno><idno type="eISSN">1557-8585</idno><imprint><date when="2013">2013</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>Abstract</title><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Secondary lymphedema is one of the major important long-term complications of breast cancer treatment. The aim of this study is to determine patient- and treatment-related risk factors of lymphedema in breast cancer patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Patients and Methods</title><p>Patients, who had been operated on for primary breast cancer at Akdeniz University Hospital and followed regularly between August 1984 and December 2009 were included in the study. In order to evaluate the arm swelling objectively, measurements were performed with a flexible tape measure for both arms, and limb volume was calculated using a truncated cone volume formula. Participants, whose volume difference between the two arms was ≥5%, were considered as lymphedema-positive patients. The SPSS program (SPSS inc. Chicago, IL) was used for statistical analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>The mean age of 455 patients was 50.6 years and the median follow-up time was 53 months. Lymphedema was found in 124 (27%) patients. Most of the patients with a history of postoperative wound infection (52%) and lymphangitis (57%) had lymphedema (<italic>p</italic>=0.003 and <italic>p</italic>=0.002, respectively). Addition of radiation therapy increased lymphedema risk 1.83 times (<italic>p</italic>=0.007). The mean duration of the axillary drainage and number of the removed lymph nodes were 7.8 days and 19, respectively. The rate of lymphedema in patients with early stage breast cancer was less than patients with advanced breast cancer (24% and 35.3%, respectively, <italic>p</italic>=0.018). Most of the patients (92%) with lymphedema had a high body mass index (BMI ≥25 kg/m<sup>2</sup>), and obesity was another important factor for lymphedema (<italic>p</italic><0.001).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>The most important treatment and patient-related risk factors for breast cancer-related lymphedema were obesity (≥25 kg/m<sup>2</sup>), axillary lymph node dissection, postoperative radiotherapy, wound infection, history of lymphangitis, and duration of axillary drainage. Elimination or prevention of these risk factors may reduce the incidence of lymphedema.</p></sec></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Lymphat Res Biol</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Lymphat Res Biol</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lrb</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Lymphatic Research and Biology</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1539-6851</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1557-8585</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.</publisher-name><publisher-loc>140 Huguenot Street, 3rd FloorNew Rochelle, NY 10801USA</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">23772716</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3685313</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">10.1089/lrb.2013.0004</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1089/lrb.2013.0004</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Original Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Risk Factors of Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ugur</surname><given-names>Saadet</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Arıcı</surname><given-names>Cumhur</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yaprak</surname><given-names>Muhittin</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mescı</surname><given-names>Ayhan</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Arıcı</surname><given-names>Gulbin Ayse</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>3</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Dolay</surname><given-names>Kemal</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>4</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ozmen</surname><given-names>Vahit</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"><sup>5</sup></xref></contrib><aff id="aff1"><label><sup>1</sup></label>Department of General Surgery,<institution>Diyarbakir Cermik State Hospital</institution>, Diyarbakir,<country>Turkey</country>.</aff><aff id="aff2"><label><sup>2</sup></label>Department of General Surgery, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya,<institution>Turkey Akdeniz University School of Medicine</institution>, Antalya,<country>Turkey</country>.</aff><aff id="aff3"><label><sup>3</sup></label>Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya,<institution>Turkey Akdeniz University School of Medicine</institution>, Antalya,<country>Turkey</country>.</aff><aff id="aff4"><label><sup>4</sup></label>Department of General Surgery,<institution>Istanbul Medipol University</institution>, Istanbul,<country>Turkey</country>.</aff><aff id="aff5"><label><sup>5</sup></label>Department of General Surgery,<institution>Istanbul University Istanbul Medical Faculty</institution>, Istanbul,<country>Turkey</country>.</aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp>Address correspondence to: <italic>Cumhur Arici, MD, Akdeniz Universitesi Tip Fakultesi Genel Cerrahi A.D., Dumlupinar Bulvari Kampus, 07059 Antalya, Turkey. E-mail:</italic><email xlink:href="mailto:cumarici@yahoo.com">cumarici@yahoo.com</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>6</month><year>2013</year><pmc-comment>string-date: June 2013</pmc-comment>
</pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>72</fpage><lpage>75</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright 2013, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2013</copyright-year></permissions><self-uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="lrb.2013.0004.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><title>Abstract</title><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Secondary lymphedema is one of the major important long-term complications of breast cancer treatment. The aim of this study is to determine patient- and treatment-related risk factors of lymphedema in breast cancer patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Patients and Methods</title><p>Patients, who had been operated on for primary breast cancer at Akdeniz University Hospital and followed regularly between August 1984 and December 2009 were included in the study. In order to evaluate the arm swelling objectively, measurements were performed with a flexible tape measure for both arms, and limb volume was calculated using a truncated cone volume formula. Participants, whose volume difference between the two arms was ≥5%, were considered as lymphedema-positive patients. The SPSS program (SPSS inc. Chicago, IL) was used for statistical analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>The mean age of 455 patients was 50.6 years and the median follow-up time was 53 months. Lymphedema was found in 124 (27%) patients. Most of the patients with a history of postoperative wound infection (52%) and lymphangitis (57%) had lymphedema (<italic>p</italic>=0.003 and <italic>p</italic>=0.002, respectively). Addition of radiation therapy increased lymphedema risk 1.83 times (<italic>p</italic>=0.007). The mean duration of the axillary drainage and number of the removed lymph nodes were 7.8 days and 19, respectively. The rate of lymphedema in patients with early stage breast cancer was less than patients with advanced breast cancer (24% and 35.3%, respectively, <italic>p</italic>=0.018). Most of the patients (92%) with lymphedema had a high body mass index (BMI ≥25 kg/m<sup>2</sup>), and obesity was another important factor for lymphedema (<italic>p</italic><0.001).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>The most important treatment and patient-related risk factors for breast cancer-related lymphedema were obesity (≥25 kg/m<sup>2</sup>), axillary lymph node dissection, postoperative radiotherapy, wound infection, history of lymphangitis, and duration of axillary drainage. Elimination or prevention of these risk factors may reduce the incidence of lymphedema.</p></sec></abstract><counts><table-count count="1"></table-count><ref-count count="21"></ref-count><page-count count="4"></page-count></counts></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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