Retiform Hemangioendothelioma on the Finger
Identifieur interne : 002118 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 002117; suivant : 002119Retiform Hemangioendothelioma on the Finger
Auteurs : Woo Kyung Choi ; Sung Hwan Lee ; Sang Ah Oh ; Dong Hee KangSource :
- Archives of Plastic Surgery [ 2234-6163 ] ; 2012.
Url:
DOI: 10.5999/aps.2012.39.1.80
PubMed: 22783501
PubMed Central: 3385286
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Retiform Hemangioendothelioma on the Finger</title><author><name sortKey="Choi, Woo Kyung" sort="Choi, Woo Kyung" uniqKey="Choi W" first="Woo Kyung" last="Choi">Woo Kyung Choi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dankook University Hospital, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Sung Hwan" sort="Lee, Sung Hwan" uniqKey="Lee S" first="Sung Hwan" last="Lee">Sung Hwan Lee</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dankook University Hospital, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oh, Sang Ah" sort="Oh, Sang Ah" uniqKey="Oh S" first="Sang Ah" last="Oh">Sang Ah Oh</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dankook University Hospital, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kang, Dong Hee" sort="Kang, Dong Hee" uniqKey="Kang D" first="Dong Hee" last="Kang">Dong Hee Kang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dankook University Hospital, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">22783501</idno><idno type="pmc">3385286</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3385286</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3385286</idno><idno type="doi">10.5999/aps.2012.39.1.80</idno><date when="2012">2012</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">002118</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">002118</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Retiform Hemangioendothelioma on the Finger</title><author><name sortKey="Choi, Woo Kyung" sort="Choi, Woo Kyung" uniqKey="Choi W" first="Woo Kyung" last="Choi">Woo Kyung Choi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dankook University Hospital, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Sung Hwan" sort="Lee, Sung Hwan" uniqKey="Lee S" first="Sung Hwan" last="Lee">Sung Hwan Lee</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dankook University Hospital, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oh, Sang Ah" sort="Oh, Sang Ah" uniqKey="Oh S" first="Sang Ah" last="Oh">Sang Ah Oh</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dankook University Hospital, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kang, Dong Hee" sort="Kang, Dong Hee" uniqKey="Kang D" first="Dong Hee" last="Kang">Dong Hee Kang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dankook University Hospital, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Archives of Plastic Surgery</title><idno type="ISSN">2234-6163</idno><idno type="eISSN">2234-6171</idno><imprint><date when="2012">2012</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Calonje, E" uniqKey="Calonje E">E Calonje</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fletcher, Cd" uniqKey="Fletcher C">CD Fletcher</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wilson Jones, E" uniqKey="Wilson Jones E">E Wilson-Jones</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hirsh, Az" uniqKey="Hirsh A">AZ Hirsh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yan, W" uniqKey="Yan W">W Yan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wei, L" uniqKey="Wei L">L Wei</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tan, D" uniqKey="Tan D">D Tan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kraybill, W" uniqKey="Kraybill W">W Kraybill</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cheney, Rt" uniqKey="Cheney R">RT Cheney</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zhang, G" uniqKey="Zhang G">G Zhang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lu, Q" uniqKey="Lu Q">Q Lu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yin, H" uniqKey="Yin H">H Yin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bhutoria, B" uniqKey="Bhutoria B">B Bhutoria</name></author><author><name sortKey="Konar, A" uniqKey="Konar A">A Konar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chakrabarti, S" uniqKey="Chakrabarti S">S Chakrabarti</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="case-report"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arch Plast Surg</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Arch Plast Surg</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">APS</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Archives of Plastic Surgery</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2234-6163</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2234-6171</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">22783501</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3385286</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5999/aps.2012.39.1.80</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Image</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Retiform Hemangioendothelioma on the Finger</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Choi</surname><given-names>Woo Kyung</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Lee</surname><given-names>Sung Hwan</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Oh</surname><given-names>Sang Ah</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kang</surname><given-names>Dong Hee</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="A1">Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dankook University Hospital, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea.</aff><author-notes><corresp>Correspondence: Sung Hwan Lee. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dankook University Hospital, Dankook University College of Medicine, 201 Manghyang-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan 330-180, Korea. Tel: +82-41-550-6477, Fax: +82-41-554-6477, <email>dklsh201@hanmail.net</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>1</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>1</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><volume>39</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>80</fpage><lpage>82</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>13</day><month>6</month><year>2011</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>19</day><month>11</month><year>2011</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>07</day><month>12</month><year>2011</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2012 The Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2012</copyright-year><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0"><license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</ext-link>), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p></license></permissions></article-meta></front><body><p>Retiform hemangioendothelioma was differentiated from low-grade cutaneous angiosarcoma by Calonje et al. [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>] in 1994; retiform hemangioendothelioma is a very rare tumor of the blood vessels, with less than 30 cases reported throughout the world [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>]. The causes of retiform hemangioendothelioma are unknown [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>]. Clinically, this tumor occurs mainly in the limbs of young adults, with greater occurrence in the lower limbs, but occasional cases in the trunk, head, and penis [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>]. Although metastasis or malignancy is rare, retiform hemangioendothelioma is known to recur in approximately 50% of cases [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>].</p><p>No cases of retiform hemangioendothelioma have previously been reported in Korea. The authors describe the case of a Korean patient diagnosed with retiform hemangioendothelioma.</p><p>A 20-year-old male patient without any medical history of interest visited the department of plastic and reconstructive surgery of Dankook University Hospital with a mass on the middle phalanx of the left index finger (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F1">Fig. 1</xref>). The mass began to form about 6 years ago and was gradually enlarged; the patient did not have any history of a wound or a mass in the same region. A soft and compressible protruding mass, with a dimension of 1.5×1×1 cm, was observed. Although there was no open wound, the patient complained of pain when pressed. The finger distal to the mass had normal circulation and sensation. Angiography carried out prior to surgery revealed that the mass corresponded to an angioma (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F2">Fig. 2</xref>).</p><p>The patient was administered general anesthesia since the mass was located below the dermis and its boundary was not clear; skin was incised vertically over the mass and 3 mm of normal surrounding soft tissue was excised with the mass. During the excision, the mass did not present any signs of infection or inflammation. Following the excision, the size of the mass was 0.5×0.4 cm, which was considerably smaller than the size prior to excision.</p><p>Histologically, the lesion was not well demarcated and was composed of elongated and branching blood vessels arranged in a retiform pattern (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F3">Fig. 3</xref>). The blood vessels were lined with hobnail endothelial cells with focal papillary projections. The endothelial cells revealed enlarged nuclei with vesicular chromatin and rare mitosis. Some lymphocytic infiltrate was observed. Immunohistochemically, the endothelial cells were diffusely positive for factor VIII-related antigen (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F4">Fig. 4</xref>).</p><p>The patient was diagnosed with retiform hemangioendothelioma and recovered without complications. However, 2 months after surgery, the tumor had recurred, and the patient was lost to follow-up. Retiform hemangioendothelioma was first considered to be a disease entity separate from low-grade cutaneous angiosarcoma in 1994 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>]. Cutaneous angiosarcoma has a dismal prognosis, with a high incidence of recurrence and metastasis and a high mortality rate [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>]. Retiform hemangioendothelioma also has a high local recurrence rate; however, this tumor rarely metastasizes, and no tumor-related deaths have been reported to date [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>].</p><p>Although retiform hemangioendothelioma occurs across a diverse age range, it is most common in young or middle-aged adults, with a greater frequency in females [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>]. It mostly occurs in the limbs, with a higher incidence in the lower limbs [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>]. But in the trunk, head, and penis, cases occasionally occur [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>]. Retiform hemangioendothelioma mostly occurs as an asymptomatic, slow-growing single lesion [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>]. However multiple, rapid-growing cases have been reported [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>]. The duration of lesion varies between 2 months to several years [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>]. Most cases are presented as exophytic, dermal, or subcutaneous nodules or plaques with a size range of 1 to 30 cm [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>].</p><p>The etiology of retiform hemangioendothelioma remains unknown. However several reports have proposed its association with human herpesvirus-8, lymphedema, previous radiation treatment, and non-epidermal malignant tumors [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>].</p><p>Local recurrence is observed in almost half of all cases of retiform hemangioendothelioma [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>]. A single case of localized lymph node metastasis and one case of soft tissue metastasis have been described, but there have been no reports of remote metastasis or death clearly related to the mass [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>]. As there is no characteristic clinical symptom helpful in diagnosing retiform hemangioendothelioma, biopsy is the only diagnostic method available at present [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref>]. The differential diagnosis of retiform hemangioendothelioma includes Dabska's tumor, malignant lymphoma, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, bacillary angiomatosis, Kaposi's sarcoma, targetoid hemosiderotic hemangioma, and cutaneous angiosarcoma [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>]. Histologically, retiform hemangioendothelioma is characterized by long arborizing vascular channels lined with hobnail endothelial cells. The vascular channels are arranged in a retiform pattern, which mimics normal rete testis. Prominent stromal lymphocytic infiltrates are often observed. Immunohistochemically, the endothelial cells express endothelial markers such as CD31, CD34, factor VIII, and Ulex europaeus agglutinin-1 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>].</p><p>Due to its high incidence of local recurrence, the treatment of choice for retiform hemangioendothelioma is a wide surgical excision with histopathologically tumor-free margins and long-term follow-up is essential. In cases with lymph node metastasis, radiation therapy has been reported to be successful [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>]. In addition, in unresectable retiform hemangioendothelioma was successfully treated with low-dose cisplatin and moderate radiotherapy in one case [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>]. In summary, retiform hemangioendothelioma is a rare vascular neoplasm of low malignant potential with a high recurrence rate, most often occurring on the extremities of young adults. To our knowledge, this is the first case of retiform hemangioendothelioma
reported in Korea.</p></body><back><fn-group><fn fn-type="presented-at"><p>This article was presented at the meeting 68th Congress of the Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons on November 4-7, 2010 in Seoul, Korea.</p></fn><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p></fn></fn-group><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Calonje</surname><given-names>E</given-names></name><name><surname>Fletcher</surname><given-names>CD</given-names></name><name><surname>Wilson-Jones</surname><given-names>E</given-names></name><etal></etal></person-group><article-title>Retiform hemangioendothelioma: a distinctive form of low-grade angiosarcoma delineated in a series of 15 cases</article-title><source>Am J Surg Pathol</source><year>1994</year><volume>18</volume><fpage>115</fpage><lpage>125</lpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">8291650</pub-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Hirsh</surname><given-names>AZ</given-names></name><name><surname>Yan</surname><given-names>W</given-names></name><name><surname>Wei</surname><given-names>L</given-names></name><etal></etal></person-group><article-title>Unresectable retiform hemangioendothelioma treated with external beam radiation therapy and chemotherapy: a case report and review of the literature</article-title><source>Sarcoma</source><year>2010</year><volume>2010</volume><fpage>pii: 756246</fpage><comment><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/756246">http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/756246</ext-link></comment></element-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Tan</surname><given-names>D</given-names></name><name><surname>Kraybill</surname><given-names>W</given-names></name><name><surname>Cheney</surname><given-names>RT</given-names></name><etal></etal></person-group><article-title>Retiform hemangioendothelioma: a case report and review of the literature</article-title><source>J Cutan Pathol</source><year>2005</year><volume>32</volume><fpage>634</fpage><lpage>637</lpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">16176302</pub-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Zhang</surname><given-names>G</given-names></name><name><surname>Lu</surname><given-names>Q</given-names></name><name><surname>Yin</surname><given-names>H</given-names></name><etal></etal></person-group><article-title>A case of retiform-hemangioendothelioma with unusual presentation and aggressive clinical features</article-title><source>Int J Clin Exp Pathol</source><year>2010</year><volume>3</volume><fpage>528</fpage><lpage>533</lpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">20606734</pub-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Bhutoria</surname><given-names>B</given-names></name><name><surname>Konar</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name><name><surname>Chakrabarti</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name><etal></etal></person-group><article-title>Retiform hemangioendothelioma with lymph node metastasis: a rare entity</article-title><source>Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol</source><year>2009</year><volume>75</volume><fpage>60</fpage><lpage>62</lpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">19172034</pub-id></element-citation></ref></ref-list></back><floats-group><fig id="F1" position="float"><label>Fig. 1</label><caption><p>Clinical photograph of retiform hemangioendothelioma on left index finger.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="aps-39-80-g001"></graphic></fig><fig id="F2" position="float"><label>Fig. 2</label><caption><p>Arteriography showing increased focal vascularity on the left index finger during the capillary phase.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="aps-39-80-g002"></graphic></fig><fig id="F3" position="float"><label>Fig. 3</label><caption><p>(A) Microscopic findings of retiform hemangioendothelioma (H&E, ×200). (B) Diagrammatic representation of the branching blood vessels lined with hobnail endothelial cells with focal papillary projections. RBC, red blood cell.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="aps-39-80-g003"></graphic></fig><fig id="F4" position="float"><label>Fig. 4</label><caption><p>Microscopic findings of retiform hemangioendothelioma. Endothelial cells were immunoreactive to factor VIII-related antigen (Immunohistochemistry, ×200).</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="aps-39-80-g004"></graphic></fig></floats-group></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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