Identification and Characterization of Optimal Gene Expression Markers for Detection of Breast Cancer Metastasis
Identifieur interne : 000B73 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 000B72; suivant : 000B74Identification and Characterization of Optimal Gene Expression Markers for Detection of Breast Cancer Metastasis
Auteurs : John Backus ; Todd Laughlin ; Yixin Wang ; Robert Belly ; Robert White ; Jon Baden ; C. Justus Min ; Ann Mannie ; Lorraine Tafra ; David Atkins ; Kathryn M. VerbanacSource :
- The Journal of molecular diagnostics : JMD [ 1525-1578 ] ; 2005.
Abstract
Sentinel lymph node (SLN) status is highly predictive of overall axillary lymph node involvement in breast cancer. Historically, SLN-positive patients have undergone axillary lymph node dissection in a second surgery. Intraoperative SLN analysis could reduce the cost and complications of a second surgery; however, existing histopathological methods lack standardization and exhibit poor sensitivity. Rapid molecular methods may lead to improved intraoperative diagnosis of SLN metastasis. In this study, we used a genome-wide gene expression analysis of breast and other tissues to identify seven putative markers for detecting breast cancer metastasis. We assessed the utility of these markers for identifying clinically actionable metastases in lymph nodes through reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis of SLNs from 254 breast cancer patients. Polymerase chain reaction signals were compared to pathology on a per-patient basis. The optimal two-gene combination, mammaglobin and cytokeratin 19, detected clinically actionable metastasis in breast SLNs with 90% sensitivity and 94% specificity. Application of stringent criteria for identifying presumptive hematoxylin- and eosin-positive samples increased sensitivity and specificity to 91 and 97%, respectively. This study represents the first comprehensive demonstration of the utility of gene expression markers for detecting clinically actionable breast metastases. An intraoperative molecular assay using these markers has the potential to significantly reduce second surgeries for patients undergoing SLN dissection.
Url:
PubMed: 16049304
PubMed Central: 1867547
Links to Exploration step
PMC:1867547Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Identification and Characterization of Optimal Gene Expression Markers for Detection of Breast Cancer Metastasis</title>
<author><name sortKey="Backus, John" sort="Backus, John" uniqKey="Backus J" first="John" last="Backus">John Backus</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Laughlin, Todd" sort="Laughlin, Todd" uniqKey="Laughlin T" first="Todd" last="Laughlin">Todd Laughlin</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Yixin" sort="Wang, Yixin" uniqKey="Wang Y" first="Yixin" last="Wang">Yixin Wang</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Belly, Robert" sort="Belly, Robert" uniqKey="Belly R" first="Robert" last="Belly">Robert Belly</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="White, Robert" sort="White, Robert" uniqKey="White R" first="Robert" last="White">Robert White</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Baden, Jon" sort="Baden, Jon" uniqKey="Baden J" first="Jon" last="Baden">Jon Baden</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Min, C Justus" sort="Min, C Justus" uniqKey="Min C" first="C. Justus" last="Min">C. Justus Min</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mannie, Ann" sort="Mannie, Ann" uniqKey="Mannie A" first="Ann" last="Mannie">Ann Mannie</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tafra, Lorraine" sort="Tafra, Lorraine" uniqKey="Tafra L" first="Lorraine" last="Tafra">Lorraine Tafra</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Atkins, David" sort="Atkins, David" uniqKey="Atkins D" first="David" last="Atkins">David Atkins</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Verbanac, Kathryn M" sort="Verbanac, Kathryn M" uniqKey="Verbanac K" first="Kathryn M." last="Verbanac">Kathryn M. Verbanac</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">16049304</idno>
<idno type="pmc">1867547</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1867547</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:1867547</idno>
<date when="2005">2005</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000B73</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000B73</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Identification and Characterization of Optimal Gene Expression Markers for Detection of Breast Cancer Metastasis</title>
<author><name sortKey="Backus, John" sort="Backus, John" uniqKey="Backus J" first="John" last="Backus">John Backus</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Laughlin, Todd" sort="Laughlin, Todd" uniqKey="Laughlin T" first="Todd" last="Laughlin">Todd Laughlin</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Yixin" sort="Wang, Yixin" uniqKey="Wang Y" first="Yixin" last="Wang">Yixin Wang</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Belly, Robert" sort="Belly, Robert" uniqKey="Belly R" first="Robert" last="Belly">Robert Belly</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="White, Robert" sort="White, Robert" uniqKey="White R" first="Robert" last="White">Robert White</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Baden, Jon" sort="Baden, Jon" uniqKey="Baden J" first="Jon" last="Baden">Jon Baden</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Min, C Justus" sort="Min, C Justus" uniqKey="Min C" first="C. Justus" last="Min">C. Justus Min</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mannie, Ann" sort="Mannie, Ann" uniqKey="Mannie A" first="Ann" last="Mannie">Ann Mannie</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tafra, Lorraine" sort="Tafra, Lorraine" uniqKey="Tafra L" first="Lorraine" last="Tafra">Lorraine Tafra</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Atkins, David" sort="Atkins, David" uniqKey="Atkins D" first="David" last="Atkins">David Atkins</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Verbanac, Kathryn M" sort="Verbanac, Kathryn M" uniqKey="Verbanac K" first="Kathryn M." last="Verbanac">Kathryn M. Verbanac</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">The Journal of molecular diagnostics : JMD</title>
<idno type="ISSN">1525-1578</idno>
<imprint><date when="2005">2005</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Sentinel lymph node (SLN) status is highly predictive of overall axillary lymph node involvement in breast cancer. Historically, SLN-positive patients have undergone axillary lymph node dissection in a second surgery. Intraoperative SLN analysis could reduce the cost and complications of a second surgery; however, existing histopathological methods lack standardization and exhibit poor sensitivity. Rapid molecular methods may lead to improved intraoperative diagnosis of SLN metastasis. In this study, we used a genome-wide gene expression analysis of breast and other tissues to identify seven putative markers for detecting breast cancer metastasis. We assessed the utility of these markers for identifying clinically actionable metastases in lymph nodes through reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis of SLNs from 254 breast cancer patients. Polymerase chain reaction signals were compared to pathology on a per-patient basis. The optimal two-gene combination, mammaglobin and cytokeratin 19, detected clinically actionable metastasis in breast SLNs with 90% sensitivity and 94% specificity. Application of stringent criteria for identifying presumptive hematoxylin- and eosin-positive samples increased sensitivity and specificity to 91 and 97%, respectively. This study represents the first comprehensive demonstration of the utility of gene expression markers for detecting clinically actionable breast metastases. An intraoperative molecular assay using these markers has the potential to significantly reduce second surgeries for patients undergoing SLN dissection.</p>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Mol Diagn</journal-id>
<journal-title>The Journal of molecular diagnostics : JMD</journal-title>
<issn pub-type="ppub">1525-1578</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>American Society for Investigative Pathology</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">16049304</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">1867547</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">6317</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Regular Articles</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Identification and Characterization of Optimal Gene Expression Markers for Detection of Breast Cancer Metastasis</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Backus</surname>
<given-names>John</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8">*</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Laughlin</surname>
<given-names>Todd</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8">*</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wang</surname>
<given-names>Yixin</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8">*</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Belly</surname>
<given-names>Robert</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8">*</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>White</surname>
<given-names>Robert</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8">*</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Baden</surname>
<given-names>Jon</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8">*</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Min</surname>
<given-names>C. Justus</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mannie</surname>
<given-names>Ann</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tafra</surname>
<given-names>Lorraine</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8">‡</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Atkins</surname>
<given-names>David</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8">*</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Verbanac</surname>
<given-names>Kathryn M.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8">†</xref>
</contrib>
<aff id="N0x364e2d0N0x3d59aa8">From Veridex LLC,<label>*</label>
Warren, New Jersey; the Brody School of Medicine,<label>†</label>
East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina; and the Anne Arundel Medical Center,<label>‡</label>
Annapolis, Maryland</aff>
</contrib-group>
<author-notes><fn fn-type="corresp"><p>Address reprint requests to John Backus, Veridex, LLC, P.O. Box 4920, 33 Technology Drive, Warren, NJ 07059. E-mail: <email>jbackus@vrxus.jnj.com</email>
.</p>
</fn>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>8</month>
<year>2005</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>7</volume>
<issue>3</issue>
<fpage>327</fpage>
<lpage>336</lpage>
<history><date date-type="accepted"><day>25</day>
<month>3</month>
<year>2005</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © American Society for Investigative Pathology and the Association for Molecular Pathology</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2005</copyright-year>
</permissions>
<abstract><p>Sentinel lymph node (SLN) status is highly predictive of overall axillary lymph node involvement in breast cancer. Historically, SLN-positive patients have undergone axillary lymph node dissection in a second surgery. Intraoperative SLN analysis could reduce the cost and complications of a second surgery; however, existing histopathological methods lack standardization and exhibit poor sensitivity. Rapid molecular methods may lead to improved intraoperative diagnosis of SLN metastasis. In this study, we used a genome-wide gene expression analysis of breast and other tissues to identify seven putative markers for detecting breast cancer metastasis. We assessed the utility of these markers for identifying clinically actionable metastases in lymph nodes through reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis of SLNs from 254 breast cancer patients. Polymerase chain reaction signals were compared to pathology on a per-patient basis. The optimal two-gene combination, mammaglobin and cytokeratin 19, detected clinically actionable metastasis in breast SLNs with 90% sensitivity and 94% specificity. Application of stringent criteria for identifying presumptive hematoxylin- and eosin-positive samples increased sensitivity and specificity to 91 and 97%, respectively. This study represents the first comprehensive demonstration of the utility of gene expression markers for detecting clinically actionable breast metastases. An intraoperative molecular assay using these markers has the potential to significantly reduce second surgeries for patients undergoing SLN dissection.</p>
</abstract>
</article-meta>
</front>
<floats-wrap><table-wrap position="float" id="T1-6317"><label>Table 1</label>
<caption><p>Sample Summary for Microarray Analysis</p>
</caption>
<table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th colspan="1" rowspan="2" align="left" valign="bottom"></th>
<th colspan="4" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Number of Samples
<hr></hr>
</th>
</tr>
<tr><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Tumor</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Normal</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Benign</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Total</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">Breast</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">318</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">14</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">6</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">338</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">Colon</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">128</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">39</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">0</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">167</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">Lung</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">45</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">38</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">1</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">84</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">Ovary</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">22</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">32</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">0</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">54</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">Prostate</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">39</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">8</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">22</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">69</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">Blood</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">0</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">12</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">0</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">12</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</table-wrap>
<table-wrap position="float" id="T2-6317"><label>Table 2</label>
<caption><p>TaqMan Assay Primer and Probe Sequences</p>
</caption>
<table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Gene</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Type</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Sequence (5′ to 3′)</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">MG</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">F</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">CAAACGGATGAAACTCTGAGCAATGTTGA</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">R</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">TCTGTGAGCCAAAGGTCTTGCAGA</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">P</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">TGTTTATGCAATTAATATATGACAGCAGTCTTTGTG</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">CK19</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">F</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">AGATGAGCAGGTCCGAGGTTA</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">R</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">CCTGATTCTGCCGCTCACTATCA</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">P</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">ACCCTTCAGGGTCTTGAGATTGAGCTGCA</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">PDEF</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">F</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">GCCGCTTCATTAGGTGGCTCAA</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">R</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">AGCGGCTCAGCTTGTCGTAGTT</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">P</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">AAGGAGAAGGGCATCTTCAAAATTGAGGACTCAGC</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">B305D C-form</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">F*</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">TCTGATAAAGGCCGTACAATG</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">R*</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">TCACGACTTGCTGTTTTTGCTC</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">P*</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">ATCAAAAAACAAGCATGGCCTCACACCACT</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">B305D A-form</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">F</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">GTATCTTCTCAAGATCTGGAAAG</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">R</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">AAGTCTTGTTCTGGATTGCTGT</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">P</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">AGTCATCATCATGTAATTTGCCAGTTACT</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">PIP</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">F</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">GCTTGGTGGTTAAAACTTACC</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">R</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">TGAACAGTTCTGTTGGTGTA</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">P</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">CTGCCTGCCTATGTGACGACAATCCGG</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">GABA-pi</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">F*</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">CAATTTTGGTGGAGAACCCG</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">R*</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">GCTGTCGGAGGTATATGGTG</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">P*</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">CATTTCAGAGAGTAACATGGACTACACA</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">B726</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">F*</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">GCAAGTGCCAATGATCAGAGG</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">R*</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">ATATAGACTCAGGTATACACACT</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">P*</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">TCCCATCAGAATCCAAACAAGAGGAAGATG</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">Porphobilinogen deaminase</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">F</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">CTGCTTCGCTGCATCGCTGAAA</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">R</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">CAGACTCCTCCAGTCAGGTACA</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">P</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">CCTGAGGCACCTGGAAGGAGGCTGCAGTGT</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table-wrap-foot><fn><p>F, forward primer; R, reverse primer; P, probe. </p>
</fn>
</table-wrap-foot>
</table-wrap>
<fig position="float" id="F1-6317"><label>Figure 1</label>
<caption><p>Marker selection process. Identification of breast-specific markers and/or breast cancer-status markers was carried out using a series of four filters: 1) expression in WBCs, 2) expression level in breast cancer tissues, 3) expression level in normal/benign breast tissues, and 4) expression in other epithelial cancers. Markers had to pass the first two criteria and either of the last two criteria to be selected.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="zjx0030563170001"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig position="float" id="F2-6317"><label>Figure 2</label>
<caption><p>Sensitivity of markers in lymph nodes. Individual marker sensitivity was assessed in lymph node tissues by RT-PCR. A specificity of 94% was used to identify individual markers that offered optimal performance for detection of clinically actionable metastases.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="zjx0030563170002"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig position="float" id="F3-6317"><label>Figure 3</label>
<caption><p>Sensitivity of marker combinations in lymph nodes. Two-marker and three-marker combinations were assessed in lymph node tissues by RT-PCR. A specificity of 94% was used to identify marker combinations that offered optimal performance for detection of clinically actionable metastases.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="zjx0030563170003"></graphic>
</fig>
<table-wrap position="float" id="T4-6317"><label>Table 4</label>
<caption><p>Performance of Two-Gene Combination Relative to Standard Histology</p>
</caption>
<table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th colspan="1" rowspan="2" align="left" valign="bottom"></th>
<th colspan="3" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded H&E (+) without immunohistochemistry
<hr></hr>
</th>
</tr>
<tr><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom"></th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">+</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">−</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">MG/CK19</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">+</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">64</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">11</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">−</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">7</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">172</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Total</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">71</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">183</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table-wrap-foot><fn><p>Sensitivity, 90%; Specificity, 94%; positive predictive value, 85%; negative predictive value, 96%. </p>
</fn>
</table-wrap-foot>
</table-wrap>
<table-wrap position="float" id="T5-6317"><label>Table 5</label>
<caption><p>Performance of RT-PCR Markers</p>
</caption>
<table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Marker</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Histology positive (%)</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">MG/CK19 positive, histology negative (%)</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">MG/CK19 negative, histology negative (%)</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">MG</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">73</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">82</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">CK19</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">86</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">82</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">PDEF</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">79</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">73</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">1.7</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">PIP</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">69</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">73</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">1.7</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">B305D</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">70</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">73</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">2.3</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">GABA</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">31</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">36</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">4.1</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">B726</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">59</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">45</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">3.5</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">Markers (+)</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">5.2</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">5.2</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">0.16</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</table-wrap>
<table-wrap position="float" id="T6-6317"><label>Table 6</label>
<caption><p>Identification of Presumptive Positive Patients</p>
</caption>
<table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Patient</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">MG</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">VBM1</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Total no. of markers positive</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Markers strongly positive</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Presumptive positive</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">1</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">++</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">++</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">7</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">6</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">+</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">2</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">++</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">5</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">4</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">+</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">3</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">++</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">++</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">7</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">3</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">+</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">4</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">++</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">+</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">7</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">3</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">+</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">5</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">++</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">++</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">4</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">3</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">+</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">6</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">++</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">+</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">4</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">1</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">+</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">7</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">++</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">2</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">1</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">8</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">++</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">2</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">1</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">9</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">+</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">+</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">6</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">0</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">10<xref rid="TFN6-1-6317" ref-type="other">*</xref>
</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">+</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">+</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">5</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">0</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">11</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">+</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">1</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">0</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table-wrap-foot><fn><p>+, PCR positive (Ct ≤ cut-off); ++, strongly PCR positive (>5 cycles below Ct cut-off); Presumptive positive, PCR positive with ≥4 markers, strongly PCR positive with ≥1 marker. </p>
</fn>
<fn id="TFN6-1-6317"><label>*</label>
<p>Sample detected by H&E only after immunohistochemistry. </p>
</fn>
</table-wrap-foot>
</table-wrap>
<table-wrap position="float" id="T7-6317"><label>Table 7</label>
<caption><p>Performance of Two-Gene Combination Relative to Presumptive Positivity</p>
</caption>
<table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th colspan="1" rowspan="2" align="center" valign="bottom"></th>
<th colspan="3" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded H&E (+) or presumptive (+)
<hr></hr>
</th>
</tr>
<tr><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom"></th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">+</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">−</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">MG/CK19
<hr></hr>
</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">+
<hr></hr>
</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">70
<hr></hr>
</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">5</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">−</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">7</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">172</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Total</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">77</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">177</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table-wrap-foot><fn><p>Sensitivity, 91%; Specificity, 97%; PPV, 93%; NPV, 96%. </p>
</fn>
</table-wrap-foot>
</table-wrap>
<table-wrap position="float" id="T3-6317"><label>Table 3</label>
<caption><p>Markers Tested and Testing Summary</p>
</caption>
<table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th colspan="1" rowspan="2" align="center" valign="bottom"></th>
<th colspan="2" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Breast marker type
<hr></hr>
</th>
<th colspan="3" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Identification method
<hr></hr>
</th>
<th colspan="4" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Mode of marker failure
<hr></hr>
</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="2" align="center" valign="bottom">Marker adequate?</th>
</tr>
<tr><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Tissue</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Cancer</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Incyte</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Micro-array</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Literature</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Low breast expression</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">High WBC expression</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Tissue cross-reactivity</th>
<th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Inadequate up-regulation</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">Putative breast-specific markers</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> Mammaglobin</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Y</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> PIP</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Y</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> Small breast epithelial mucin</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Y</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> Gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor, pi</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Y</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> Breast tumour-specific gene B726P</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Y</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> ML-1 protein</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">N</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> FLJ22418 fis, clone HRC08590</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">N</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> Iroquois-class homeodomain protein (IRX-2A)</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">N</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> Breast tumour-specific gene B311D</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">N</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> Breast tumour-specific gene B305D</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">N</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> Breast tumour-specific gene B533S</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">N</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">Putative breast cancer-specific markers</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> PDEF</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">N/Y</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> FLJ22945 fis, clone KAT09065</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">N</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">Putative breast cancer status markers</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> Nonspecific cross-reacting antigen (CEACAM-6)</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Y</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> Grb7V protein</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Y</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> Polymorphic epithelial mucin</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Y</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> CK19</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Y</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> Troponin T1, skeletal, slow</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Y</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> S100-type calcium binding protein A14</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Y</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> S100 calcium-binding protein A7 (psoriasin 1)</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Y</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> Erb-b-2 (Her2/neu)</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Y</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> Secretory Protein (P1.B)</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">N</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> Integrin β-5 Subunit</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">N</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> Trefoil factor 3, intestinal (TFF3)</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">N</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> Glycoprotein hormones, α polypeptide (CGA)</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">N</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> Carboxypeptidase B1</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">N</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> Fatty acid binding protein, brain-type (hB-FABP)</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">N</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> UROC28</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">N</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> Survivin</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">N</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">N</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> Plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor (uPAR)</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">N</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"> Synuclein, γ (breast cancer-specific gene BCSG1)</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">NA</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">X</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">N</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</table-wrap>
</floats-wrap>
</pmc>
</record>
Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Sante/explor/LymphedemaV1/Data/Pmc/Corpus
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000B73 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Corpus/biblio.hfd -nk 000B73 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien |wiki= Wicri/Sante |area= LymphedemaV1 |flux= Pmc |étape= Corpus |type= RBID |clé= PMC:1867547 |texte= Identification and Characterization of Optimal Gene Expression Markers for Detection of Breast Cancer Metastasis }}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Corpus/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:16049304" \ | HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Corpus/biblio.hfd \ | NlmPubMed2Wicri -a LymphedemaV1
![]() | This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.31. | ![]() |