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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Role of Combined Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy and Axillary Node Sampling in Clinically Node-Negative Breast Cancer</title><author><name sortKey="Edwards, K J" sort="Edwards, K J" uniqKey="Edwards K" first="K. J." last="Edwards">K. J. Edwards</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Breast Unit, North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Hardwick Road, Stockton-on-Tees, TS19 8PE UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dordea, M A" sort="Dordea, M A" uniqKey="Dordea M" first="M. A." last="Dordea">M. A. Dordea</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Breast Unit, North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Hardwick Road, Stockton-on-Tees, TS19 8PE UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="French, R" sort="French, R" uniqKey="French R" first="R." last="French">R. French</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Breast Unit, North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Hardwick Road, Stockton-on-Tees, TS19 8PE UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kurup, V" sort="Kurup, V" uniqKey="Kurup V" first="V." last="Kurup">V. Kurup</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Breast Unit, North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Hardwick Road, Stockton-on-Tees, TS19 8PE UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">26884657</idno><idno type="pmc">4744230</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4744230</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4744230</idno><idno type="doi">10.1007/s12262-015-1300-1</idno><date when="2015">2015</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000B36</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000B36</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Role of Combined Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy and Axillary Node Sampling in Clinically Node-Negative Breast Cancer</title><author><name sortKey="Edwards, K J" sort="Edwards, K J" uniqKey="Edwards K" first="K. J." last="Edwards">K. J. Edwards</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Breast Unit, North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Hardwick Road, Stockton-on-Tees, TS19 8PE UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dordea, M A" sort="Dordea, M A" uniqKey="Dordea M" first="M. A." last="Dordea">M. A. Dordea</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Breast Unit, North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Hardwick Road, Stockton-on-Tees, TS19 8PE UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="French, R" sort="French, R" uniqKey="French R" first="R." last="French">R. French</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Breast Unit, North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Hardwick Road, Stockton-on-Tees, TS19 8PE UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kurup, V" sort="Kurup, V" uniqKey="Kurup V" first="V." last="Kurup">V. Kurup</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Breast Unit, North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Hardwick Road, Stockton-on-Tees, TS19 8PE UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The Indian Journal of Surgery</title><idno type="ISSN">0972-2068</idno><idno type="eISSN">0973-9793</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Axillary lymph node status is a prognostic marker in breast cancer management, and axillary surgery plays an important role in staging and local control. This study aims to assess whether a combination of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) using patent blue dye and axillary node sampling (ANS) offers equivalent identification rate to dual tracer technique. Furthermore, we aim to investigate whether there are any potential benefits to this combined technique. Retrospective study of 230 clinically node-negative patients undergoing breast-conserving surgery for single T1–T3 tumours between 2006 and 2011. Axillae were staged using a combined blue dye SLNB/ANS technique. SLNs were localized in 226/230 (identification rate 98.3 %). Three of one hundred ninety-two patients with a negative SLN were found to have positive ANS nodes and 1/4 failed SLNB patients had positive ANS nodes. Thirty-four of two hundred twenty-six patients had SLN metastases and 11/34 (32.4 %) also had a positive non-sentinel lymph node on ANS. Twenty-one of twenty-four (87.5 %) node-positive T1 tumours had single node involvement. Nine of thirty-eight node-positive patients progressed to completion axillary clearance (cALND), and the rest were treated with axillary radiotherapy. Axillary recurrence was nil at median 5 year follow-up. Complementing SLNB with axillary node sampling (ANS) decreases the unavoidable false-negative rate associated with SLNB. Appropriate operator experience and technique can result in an SLN localization rate of 98 %, rivalling a dual tracer technique. The additional insight offered by ANS into the status of non-sentinel nodes has potential applications in an era of less frequent cALND.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Indian J Surg</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Indian J Surg</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>The Indian Journal of Surgery</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0972-2068</issn><issn pub-type="epub">0973-9793</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Springer India</publisher-name><publisher-loc>New Delhi</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">26884657</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4744230</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1300</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1007/s12262-015-1300-1</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Original Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Role of Combined Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy and Axillary Node Sampling in Clinically Node-Negative Breast Cancer</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Edwards</surname><given-names>K. J.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Dordea</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><address><phone>+44 1642617617</phone><email>matei.dordea@nhs.net</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>French</surname><given-names>R.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kurup</surname><given-names>V.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref></contrib><aff id="Aff1">Breast Unit, North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Hardwick Road, Stockton-on-Tees, TS19 8PE UK</aff></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>6</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>12</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>77</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>495</fpage><lpage>501</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>14</day><month>5</month><year>2014</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>9</day><month>6</month><year>2015</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© Association of Surgeons of India 2015</copyright-statement></permissions><abstract id="Abs1"><p>Axillary lymph node status is a prognostic marker in breast cancer management, and axillary surgery plays an important role in staging and local control. This study aims to assess whether a combination of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) using patent blue dye and axillary node sampling (ANS) offers equivalent identification rate to dual tracer technique. Furthermore, we aim to investigate whether there are any potential benefits to this combined technique. Retrospective study of 230 clinically node-negative patients undergoing breast-conserving surgery for single T1–T3 tumours between 2006 and 2011. Axillae were staged using a combined blue dye SLNB/ANS technique. SLNs were localized in 226/230 (identification rate 98.3 %). Three of one hundred ninety-two patients with a negative SLN were found to have positive ANS nodes and 1/4 failed SLNB patients had positive ANS nodes. Thirty-four of two hundred twenty-six patients had SLN metastases and 11/34 (32.4 %) also had a positive non-sentinel lymph node on ANS. Twenty-one of twenty-four (87.5 %) node-positive T1 tumours had single node involvement. Nine of thirty-eight node-positive patients progressed to completion axillary clearance (cALND), and the rest were treated with axillary radiotherapy. Axillary recurrence was nil at median 5 year follow-up. Complementing SLNB with axillary node sampling (ANS) decreases the unavoidable false-negative rate associated with SLNB. Appropriate operator experience and technique can result in an SLN localization rate of 98 %, rivalling a dual tracer technique. The additional insight offered by ANS into the status of non-sentinel nodes has potential applications in an era of less frequent cALND.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><title>Keywords</title><kwd>Sentinel lymph node biopsy</kwd><kwd>Breast cancer</kwd><kwd>Axillary node clearance</kwd><kwd>Axillary node sampling</kwd></kwd-group><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>issue-copyright-statement</meta-name><meta-value>© Association of Surgeons of India 2015</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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