Friend or foe: high bone mineral density on routine bone density scanning, a review of causes and management
Identifieur interne : 002326 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 002325; suivant : 002327Friend or foe: high bone mineral density on routine bone density scanning, a review of causes and management
Auteurs : Celia L. Gregson [Royaume-Uni] ; Sarah A. Hardcastle ; Cyrus Cooper [Royaume-Uni] ; Jonathan H. TobiasSource :
- Rheumatology (Oxford, England) [ 1462-0324 ] ; 2013.
Abstract
A finding of high BMD on routine DXA scanning is not infrequent and most commonly reflects degenerative disease. However, BMD increases may also arise secondary to a range of underlying disorders affecting the skeleton. Although low BMD increases fracture risk, the converse may not hold for high BMD, since elevated BMD may occur in conditions where fracture risk is increased, unaffected or reduced. Here we outline a classification for the causes of raised BMD, based on identification of focal or generalized BMD changes, and discuss an approach to guide appropriate investigation by clinicians after careful interpretation of DXA scan findings within the context of the clinical history. We will also review the mild skeletal dysplasia associated with the currently unexplained high bone mass phenotype and discuss recent advances in osteoporosis therapies arising from improved understanding of rare inherited high BMD disorders.
Url:
DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ket007
PubMed: 23445662
PubMed Central: 3651616
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Links to Exploration step
PMC:3651616Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Friend or foe: high bone mineral density on routine bone density scanning, a review of causes and management</title><author><name sortKey="Gregson, Celia L" sort="Gregson, Celia L" uniqKey="Gregson C" first="Celia L." last="Gregson">Celia L. Gregson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut=" and" id="ket007-AFF1">Musculoskeletal Research Unit, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Bristol</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="ket007-AFF1">MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Southampton</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hardcastle, Sarah A" sort="Hardcastle, Sarah A" uniqKey="Hardcastle S" first="Sarah A." last="Hardcastle">Sarah A. Hardcastle</name><affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut=" and" id="ket007-AFF1">Musculoskeletal Research Unit, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Bristol</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cooper, Cyrus" sort="Cooper, Cyrus" uniqKey="Cooper C" first="Cyrus" last="Cooper">Cyrus Cooper</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="ket007-AFF1">MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Southampton</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tobias, Jonathan H" sort="Tobias, Jonathan H" uniqKey="Tobias J" first="Jonathan H." last="Tobias">Jonathan H. Tobias</name><affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut=" and" id="ket007-AFF1">Musculoskeletal Research Unit, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Bristol</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">23445662</idno><idno type="pmc">3651616</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3651616</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3651616</idno><idno type="doi">10.1093/rheumatology/ket007</idno><date when="2013">2013</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">003191</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">003191</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">003190</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">003190</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">002326</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">002326</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Friend or foe: high bone mineral density on routine bone density scanning, a review of causes and management</title><author><name sortKey="Gregson, Celia L" sort="Gregson, Celia L" uniqKey="Gregson C" first="Celia L." last="Gregson">Celia L. Gregson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut=" and" id="ket007-AFF1">Musculoskeletal Research Unit, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Bristol</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="ket007-AFF1">MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Southampton</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hardcastle, Sarah A" sort="Hardcastle, Sarah A" uniqKey="Hardcastle S" first="Sarah A." last="Hardcastle">Sarah A. Hardcastle</name><affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut=" and" id="ket007-AFF1">Musculoskeletal Research Unit, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Bristol</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cooper, Cyrus" sort="Cooper, Cyrus" uniqKey="Cooper C" first="Cyrus" last="Cooper">Cyrus Cooper</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="ket007-AFF1">MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Southampton</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tobias, Jonathan H" sort="Tobias, Jonathan H" uniqKey="Tobias J" first="Jonathan H." last="Tobias">Jonathan H. Tobias</name><affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut=" and" id="ket007-AFF1">Musculoskeletal Research Unit, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Bristol</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Rheumatology (Oxford, England)</title><idno type="ISSN">1462-0324</idno><idno type="eISSN">1462-0332</idno><imprint><date when="2013">2013</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>A finding of high BMD on routine DXA scanning is not infrequent and most commonly reflects degenerative disease. However, BMD increases may also arise secondary to a range of underlying disorders affecting the skeleton. Although low BMD increases fracture risk, the converse may not hold for high BMD, since elevated BMD may occur in conditions where fracture risk is increased, unaffected or reduced. Here we outline a classification for the causes of raised BMD, based on identification of focal or generalized BMD changes, and discuss an approach to guide appropriate investigation by clinicians after careful interpretation of DXA scan findings within the context of the clinical history. We will also review the mild skeletal dysplasia associated with the currently unexplained high bone mass phenotype and discuss recent advances in osteoporosis therapies arising from improved understanding of rare inherited high BMD disorders.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Rheumatology (Oxford)</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Rheumatology (Oxford)</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">brheum</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">rheumatology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Rheumatology (Oxford, England)</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1462-0324</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1462-0332</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Oxford University Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">23445662</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3651616</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/rheumatology/ket007</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">ket007</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Friend or foe: high bone mineral density on routine bone density scanning, a review of causes and management</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Gregson</surname><given-names>Celia L.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="ket007-AFF1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="ket007-AFF1"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hardcastle</surname><given-names>Sarah A.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="ket007-AFF1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Cooper</surname><given-names>Cyrus</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="ket007-AFF1"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tobias</surname><given-names>Jonathan H.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="ket007-AFF1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="ket007-AFF1"><sup>1</sup>Musculoskeletal Research Unit, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol and<sup>2</sup>MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.</aff><author-notes><corresp>Correspondence to: Celia L. Gregson, Musculoskeletal Research Unit, University of Bristol, Avon Orthopaedic Centre, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK. E-mail: <email>celia.gregson@bristol.ac.uk</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>6</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>2</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>1</day><month>6</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 12 months and 0 days and was based on the
<volume>52</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>968</fpage><lpage>985</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>8</day><month>10</month><year>2012</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>16</day><month>1</month><year>2013</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© The Author 2013. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Rheumatology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2013</copyright-year></permissions><abstract><p>A finding of high BMD on routine DXA scanning is not infrequent and most commonly reflects degenerative disease. However, BMD increases may also arise secondary to a range of underlying disorders affecting the skeleton. Although low BMD increases fracture risk, the converse may not hold for high BMD, since elevated BMD may occur in conditions where fracture risk is increased, unaffected or reduced. Here we outline a classification for the causes of raised BMD, based on identification of focal or generalized BMD changes, and discuss an approach to guide appropriate investigation by clinicians after careful interpretation of DXA scan findings within the context of the clinical history. We will also review the mild skeletal dysplasia associated with the currently unexplained high bone mass phenotype and discuss recent advances in osteoporosis therapies arising from improved understanding of rare inherited high BMD disorders.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>DXA</kwd><kwd>BMD</kwd><kwd>high bone mass</kwd><kwd>osteopetrosis</kwd><kwd>osteoarthritis</kwd></kwd-group><counts><page-count count="18"></page-count></counts></article-meta></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Royaume-Uni</li></country></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Hardcastle, Sarah A" sort="Hardcastle, Sarah A" uniqKey="Hardcastle S" first="Sarah A." last="Hardcastle">Sarah A. Hardcastle</name><name sortKey="Tobias, Jonathan H" sort="Tobias, Jonathan H" uniqKey="Tobias J" first="Jonathan H." last="Tobias">Jonathan H. Tobias</name></noCountry><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Gregson, Celia L" sort="Gregson, Celia L" uniqKey="Gregson C" first="Celia L." last="Gregson">Celia L. Gregson</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Cooper, Cyrus" sort="Cooper, Cyrus" uniqKey="Cooper C" first="Cyrus" last="Cooper">Cyrus Cooper</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Sante/explor/LymphedemaV1/Data/Pmc/Checkpoint
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 002326 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Checkpoint/biblio.hfd -nk 002326 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Sante
|area= LymphedemaV1
|flux= Pmc
|étape= Checkpoint
|type= RBID
|clé= PMC:3651616
|texte= Friend or foe: high bone mineral density on routine bone density scanning, a review of causes and management
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Checkpoint/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:23445662" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Checkpoint/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a LymphedemaV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.31. |  |