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Analysis of the correlation between P53 and Cox-2 expression and prognosis in esophageal cancer

Identifieur interne : 001513 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 001512; suivant : 001514

Analysis of the correlation between P53 and Cox-2 expression and prognosis in esophageal cancer

Auteurs : Jun Chen [République populaire de Chine] ; Fang Wu [République populaire de Chine] ; Hong-Lei Pei [République populaire de Chine] ; Wen-Dong Gu [République populaire de Chine] ; Zhong-Hua Ning [République populaire de Chine] ; Ying-Jie Shao [République populaire de Chine] ; Jin Huang [République populaire de Chine]

Source :

RBID : PMC:4579898

Abstract

The present study aimed to explore the importance of P53 and Cox-2 protein expression in esophageal cancer and assess their influence on prognosis. The expression of P53 and Cox-2 was assessed in esophageal cancer samples from 195 patients subjected to radical surgery at Changzhou First People's Hospital (Changzhou, China) between May 2010 and December 2011. Expression of P53 and Cox-2 proteins were detected in 60.5% (118/195) and 69.7% (136/195) of the samples, respectively, and were co-expressed in 43.1% (84/195) of the samples. A correlation was identified between P53 expression and overall survival (OS) (P=0.0351) as well as disease-free survival (DFS) (P=0.0307). In addition, the co-expression of P53 and Cox-2 also correlated with OS (P=0.0040) and DFS (P=0.0042). P53 expression (P=0.023), TNM staging (P<0.001) and P53/Cox-2 co-expression (P=0.009) were identified as independent factors affecting OS in patients with esophageal cancer via a Cox multivariate regression model analysis. A similar analysis also identified P53 expression (P=0.020), TNM staging (P<0.001) and P53/Cox-2 co-expression (P=0.008) as independent prognostic factors influencing DFS in these patients. Binary logistic regression analysis demonstrated a correlation between P53 expression (P=0.012), TNM staging (P<0.001), tumor differentiation level (P=0.023) and P53/Cox-2 co-expression (P=0.021), and local recurrence or distant esophageal cancer metastasis. The results of the present study indicate that P53 and Cox-2 proteins may act synergistically in the development of esophageal cancer, and the assessment of P53/Cox-2 co-expression status in esophageal cancer biopsies may become an important diagnostic criterion to evaluate the prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer.


Url:
DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3624
PubMed: 26622818
PubMed Central: 4579898


Affiliations:


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PMC:4579898

Le document en format XML

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<p>The present study aimed to explore the importance of P53 and Cox-2 protein expression in esophageal cancer and assess their influence on prognosis. The expression of P53 and Cox-2 was assessed in esophageal cancer samples from 195 patients subjected to radical surgery at Changzhou First People's Hospital (Changzhou, China) between May 2010 and December 2011. Expression of P53 and Cox-2 proteins were detected in 60.5% (118/195) and 69.7% (136/195) of the samples, respectively, and were co-expressed in 43.1% (84/195) of the samples. A correlation was identified between P53 expression and overall survival (OS) (P=0.0351) as well as disease-free survival (DFS) (P=0.0307). In addition, the co-expression of P53 and Cox-2 also correlated with OS (P=0.0040) and DFS (P=0.0042). P53 expression (P=0.023), TNM staging (P<0.001) and P53/Cox-2 co-expression (P=0.009) were identified as independent factors affecting OS in patients with esophageal cancer via a Cox multivariate regression model analysis. A similar analysis also identified P53 expression (P=0.020), TNM staging (P<0.001) and P53/Cox-2 co-expression (P=0.008) as independent prognostic factors influencing DFS in these patients. Binary logistic regression analysis demonstrated a correlation between P53 expression (P=0.012), TNM staging (P<0.001), tumor differentiation level (P=0.023) and P53/Cox-2 co-expression (P=0.021), and local recurrence or distant esophageal cancer metastasis. The results of the present study indicate that P53 and Cox-2 proteins may act synergistically in the development of esophageal cancer, and the assessment of P53/Cox-2 co-expression status in esophageal cancer biopsies may become an important diagnostic criterion to evaluate the prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer.</p>
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</TEI>
<pmc article-type="research-article">
<pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Oncol Lett</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Oncol Lett</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">OL</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Oncology Letters</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">1792-1074</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1792-1082</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>D.A. Spandidos</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmid">26622818</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4579898</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3892/ol.2015.3624</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">OL-0-0-3624</article-id>
<article-categories>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
<subject>Articles</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group>
<article-title>Analysis of the correlation between P53 and Cox-2 expression and prognosis in esophageal cancer</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>CHEN</surname>
<given-names>JUN</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-ol-0-0-3624">1</xref>
<xref rid="fn1-ol-0-0-3624" ref-type="author-notes">*</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>WU</surname>
<given-names>FANG</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af2-ol-0-0-3624">2</xref>
<xref rid="fn1-ol-0-0-3624" ref-type="author-notes">*</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>PEI</surname>
<given-names>HONG-LEI</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-ol-0-0-3624">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1-ol-0-0-3624"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>GU</surname>
<given-names>WEN-DONG</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-ol-0-0-3624">1</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>NING</surname>
<given-names>ZHONG-HUA</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-ol-0-0-3624">1</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>SHAO</surname>
<given-names>YING-JIE</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-ol-0-0-3624">1</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>HUANG</surname>
<given-names>JIN</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-ol-0-0-3624">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1-ol-0-0-3624"></xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="af1-ol-0-0-3624">
<label>1</label>
Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China</aff>
<aff id="af2-ol-0-0-3624">
<label>2</label>
Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China</aff>
<author-notes>
<corresp id="c1-ol-0-0-3624">
<italic>Correspondence to</italic>
: Dr Jin Huang or Dr Hong-Lei Pei, Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, 185 Juqian Road, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China, E-mail:
<email>huangjin@csco.org.cn</email>
, E-mail:
<email>greenapplle3@163.com</email>
</corresp>
<fn id="fn1-ol-0-0-3624">
<label>*</label>
<p>Contributed equally</p>
</fn>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub">
<month>10</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>19</day>
<month>8</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release">
<day>19</day>
<month>8</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on the . </pmc-comment>
<volume>10</volume>
<issue>4</issue>
<fpage>2197</fpage>
<lpage>2203</lpage>
<history>
<date date-type="received">
<day>19</day>
<month>9</month>
<year>2014</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted">
<day>22</day>
<month>6</month>
<year>2015</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: © Chen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution License.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">
<license-p>This is an open-access article licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 Unported License. The article may be redistributed, reproduced, and reused for non-commercial purposes, provided the original source is properly cited.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract>
<p>The present study aimed to explore the importance of P53 and Cox-2 protein expression in esophageal cancer and assess their influence on prognosis. The expression of P53 and Cox-2 was assessed in esophageal cancer samples from 195 patients subjected to radical surgery at Changzhou First People's Hospital (Changzhou, China) between May 2010 and December 2011. Expression of P53 and Cox-2 proteins were detected in 60.5% (118/195) and 69.7% (136/195) of the samples, respectively, and were co-expressed in 43.1% (84/195) of the samples. A correlation was identified between P53 expression and overall survival (OS) (P=0.0351) as well as disease-free survival (DFS) (P=0.0307). In addition, the co-expression of P53 and Cox-2 also correlated with OS (P=0.0040) and DFS (P=0.0042). P53 expression (P=0.023), TNM staging (P<0.001) and P53/Cox-2 co-expression (P=0.009) were identified as independent factors affecting OS in patients with esophageal cancer via a Cox multivariate regression model analysis. A similar analysis also identified P53 expression (P=0.020), TNM staging (P<0.001) and P53/Cox-2 co-expression (P=0.008) as independent prognostic factors influencing DFS in these patients. Binary logistic regression analysis demonstrated a correlation between P53 expression (P=0.012), TNM staging (P<0.001), tumor differentiation level (P=0.023) and P53/Cox-2 co-expression (P=0.021), and local recurrence or distant esophageal cancer metastasis. The results of the present study indicate that P53 and Cox-2 proteins may act synergistically in the development of esophageal cancer, and the assessment of P53/Cox-2 co-expression status in esophageal cancer biopsies may become an important diagnostic criterion to evaluate the prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd>esophageal cancer</kwd>
<kwd>P53</kwd>
<kwd>Cox-2</kwd>
<kwd>relevance</kwd>
<kwd>prognosis</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
<floats-group>
<fig id="f1-ol-0-0-3624" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Figure 1.</label>
<caption>
<p>Expression of P53 in the esophagus in esophageal carcinoma [Envision Immunochemistry kit (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark); magnification, x200].</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="ol-10-04-2197-g00"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="f2-ol-0-0-3624" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Figure 2.</label>
<caption>
<p>Expression of Cox-2 in the esophagus in esophageal carcinoma [Envision Immunochemistry kit (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark); magnification, x200].</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="ol-10-04-2197-g01"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="f3-ol-0-0-3624" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Figure 3.</label>
<caption>
<p>Survival curves of P53 and Cox-2 expression. (A) OS and (B) DFS curves of P53 expression. (C) OS and (D) DFS curves of Cox-2 expression. OS, overall survival; DFS, disease-free survival.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="ol-10-04-2197-g02"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="f4-ol-0-0-3624" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Figure 4.</label>
<caption>
<p>Survival curves of P53/Cox-2 co-expression (A) OS curves of P53/Cox-2 co-expression (B) DFS curves of P53/Cox-2 co-expression (C) OS difference curves of P53/Cox-2 co-expression (D) DFS difference curves of P53/Cox-2 co-expression.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="ol-10-04-2197-g03"></graphic>
</fig>
<table-wrap id="tI-ol-0-0-3624" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Table I.</label>
<caption>
<p>The associations between P53 and Cox-2 expression and P53/Cox-2 co-expression and the assessed clinical factors.</p>
</caption>
<table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
<thead>
<tr>
<th rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th>
<th align="left" valign="bottom" colspan="2" rowspan="1">P53 expression</th>
<th rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th>
<th align="left" valign="bottom" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Cox-2 expression</th>
<th rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th>
<th align="left" valign="bottom" colspan="2" rowspan="1">P53 and Cox-2 co-expression</th>
<th rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th>
<th align="left" valign="bottom" colspan="2" rowspan="1">
<hr></hr>
</th>
<th rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th>
<th align="left" valign="bottom" colspan="2" rowspan="1">
<hr></hr>
</th>
<th rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th>
<th align="left" valign="bottom" colspan="2" rowspan="1">
<hr></hr>
</th>
<th rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th align="left" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Clinical factors</th>
<th align="center" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total</th>
<th align="center" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High n=118</th>
<th align="center" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low n=77</th>
<th align="center" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">P-value</th>
<th align="center" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High n=136</th>
<th align="center" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low n=59</th>
<th align="center" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">P-value</th>
<th align="center" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">P53(+) Cox-2(+) n=84</th>
<th align="center" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Other groups n=111</th>
<th align="center" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">P-value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Age (years)</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.028
<sup>
<xref rid="tfn1-ol-0-0-3624" ref-type="table-fn">a</xref>
</sup>
</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.641</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.056</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  <60</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">    68</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  34</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">34</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">    46</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">22</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  23</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">45</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  ≥60</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  127</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  84</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">43</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">    90</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">37</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  61</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">66</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Gender</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.538</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.378</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.635</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  Female</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">    45</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  29</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">    29</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  18</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">27</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  Male</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  150</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  89</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">61</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  107</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">43</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  66</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">84</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Differentiation</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.015
<sup>
<xref rid="tfn1-ol-0-0-3624" ref-type="table-fn">a</xref>
</sup>
</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.200</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.020
<sup>
<xref rid="tfn1-ol-0-0-3624" ref-type="table-fn">a</xref>
</sup>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  High</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">    16</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  13</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  3</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">    10</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  6</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">    8</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  8</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  Moderate</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  108</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  56</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">52</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">    71</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">37</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  37</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">71</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  Poor</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">    71</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  49</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">22</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">    55</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  39</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">32</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Position</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.078</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.285</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.560</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  Upper</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">      7</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">    7</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  0</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">    3</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  4</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">    3</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  4</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  Middle</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  155</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  90</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">65</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">110</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">45</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  64</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">91</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  Lower</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">    33</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  21</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  23</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  17</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">TNM stage</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.499</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.309</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.662</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  I</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">    22</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  12</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  14</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  8</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">    8</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">14</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  II</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">    91</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  59</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">32</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  60</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">31</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  38</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">53</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  III</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">    82</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  47</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">35</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  62</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">20</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">  38</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">44</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table-wrap-foot>
<fn id="tfn1-ol-0-0-3624">
<label>a</label>
<p>P<0.05.</p>
</fn>
</table-wrap-foot>
</table-wrap>
<table-wrap id="tII-ol-0-0-3624" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Table II.</label>
<caption>
<p>Cox multivariate analysis: The associations between clinical factors and esophageal cancer survival rates.</p>
</caption>
<table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
<thead>
<tr>
<th rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th>
<th align="center" valign="bottom" colspan="3" rowspan="1">Overall survival</th>
<th align="center" valign="bottom" colspan="3" rowspan="1">Disease-free survival</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th>
<th align="center" valign="bottom" colspan="3" rowspan="1">
<hr></hr>
</th>
<th align="center" valign="bottom" colspan="3" rowspan="1">
<hr></hr>
</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th align="left" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Characteristic</th>
<th align="center" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">HR</th>
<th align="center" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">95% CI</th>
<th align="center" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">P-Value</th>
<th align="center" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">HR</th>
<th align="center" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">95% CI</th>
<th align="center" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">P-value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Age (≥60 vs. <60 years)</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.129</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.613–2.077</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.697</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.157</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.628–2.130</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.641</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Gender (female vs. male)</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.863</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.423–1.763</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.686</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.908</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.445–1.855</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.792</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Position (upper vs. middle vs. lower)</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.329</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.690–2.560</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.396</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.319</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.686–2.538</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.406</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Differentiation (high vs. moderate vs. poor)</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.254</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.796–1.974</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.329</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.252</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.795–1.971</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.332</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">TNM stage (I vs. II vs. III)</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.379</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.919–5.952</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><0.001
<sup>
<xref rid="tfn2-ol-0-0-3624" ref-type="table-fn">a</xref>
</sup>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.497</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.979–6.181</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><0.001
<sup>
<xref rid="tfn2-ol-0-0-3624" ref-type="table-fn">a</xref>
</sup>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">P53 expression (low vs. high)</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.102</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.108–3.991</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.023
<sup>
<xref rid="tfn2-ol-0-0-3624" ref-type="table-fn">a</xref>
</sup>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.138</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.127–4.056</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.020
<sup>
<xref rid="tfn2-ol-0-0-3624" ref-type="table-fn">a</xref>
</sup>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Cox-2 expression (low vs. high)</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.473</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.742–2.923</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.268</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.453</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.734–2.875</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.283</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">P53(+) Cox-2(+) vs. other groups</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.212</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.219–4.012</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.009
<sup>
<xref rid="tfn2-ol-0-0-3624" ref-type="table-fn">a</xref>
</sup>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.221</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.228–4.017</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.008
<sup>
<xref rid="tfn2-ol-0-0-3624" ref-type="table-fn">a</xref>
</sup>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table-wrap-foot>
<fn id="tfn2-ol-0-0-3624">
<label>a</label>
<p>P<0.05. HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval.</p>
</fn>
</table-wrap-foot>
</table-wrap>
<table-wrap id="tIII-ol-0-0-3624" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Table III.</label>
<caption>
<p>Binary logistic regression analysis: The associations between clinical factors and recurrence or metastasis in esophageal carcinoma.</p>
</caption>
<table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
<thead>
<tr>
<th rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th>
<th align="center" valign="bottom" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Recurrence or metastasis</th>
<th rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th>
<th align="center" valign="bottom" colspan="2" rowspan="1">
<hr></hr>
</th>
<th rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th align="left" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Characteristic</th>
<th align="center" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">OR</th>
<th align="center" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">95% CI</th>
<th align="center" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">P-value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Age (≥60 vs. <60)</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.862</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.425–1.747</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.680</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Gender (female vs. male)</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.432</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.609–3.371</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.411</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Position (upper vs. middle vs. lower)</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.456</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.670–3.164</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.343</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Differentiation (high vs. moderate vs. poor)</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.964</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.099–3.508</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.023
<sup>
<xref rid="tfn3-ol-0-0-3624" ref-type="table-fn">a</xref>
</sup>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">TNM (I vs. II vs. III)</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.206</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.763–5.830</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><0.001
<sup>
<xref rid="tfn3-ol-0-0-3624" ref-type="table-fn">a</xref>
</sup>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">P53 expression (low vs. high)</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.510</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.228–5.131</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.012
<sup>
<xref rid="tfn3-ol-0-0-3624" ref-type="table-fn">a</xref>
</sup>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Cox-2 expression (low vs. high)</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.583</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.740–3.383</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.236</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">P53(+) Cox-2(+) vs. other groups</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.204</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.124–4.322</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.021
<sup>
<xref rid="tfn3-ol-0-0-3624" ref-type="table-fn">a</xref>
</sup>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table-wrap-foot>
<fn id="tfn3-ol-0-0-3624">
<label>a</label>
<p>P<0.05. OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.</p>
</fn>
</table-wrap-foot>
</table-wrap>
</floats-group>
</pmc>
<affiliations>
<list>
<country>
<li>République populaire de Chine</li>
</country>
</list>
<tree>
<country name="République populaire de Chine">
<noRegion>
<name sortKey="Chen, Jun" sort="Chen, Jun" uniqKey="Chen J" first="Jun" last="Chen">Jun Chen</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Gu, Wen Dong" sort="Gu, Wen Dong" uniqKey="Gu W" first="Wen-Dong" last="Gu">Wen-Dong Gu</name>
<name sortKey="Huang, Jin" sort="Huang, Jin" uniqKey="Huang J" first="Jin" last="Huang">Jin Huang</name>
<name sortKey="Ning, Zhong Hua" sort="Ning, Zhong Hua" uniqKey="Ning Z" first="Zhong-Hua" last="Ning">Zhong-Hua Ning</name>
<name sortKey="Pei, Hong Lei" sort="Pei, Hong Lei" uniqKey="Pei H" first="Hong-Lei" last="Pei">Hong-Lei Pei</name>
<name sortKey="Shao, Ying Jie" sort="Shao, Ying Jie" uniqKey="Shao Y" first="Ying-Jie" last="Shao">Ying-Jie Shao</name>
<name sortKey="Wu, Fang" sort="Wu, Fang" uniqKey="Wu F" first="Fang" last="Wu">Fang Wu</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>

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