A life without worms
Identifieur interne : 000437 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000436; suivant : 000438A life without worms
Auteurs : Richard E. Sanya [Ouganda] ; Gyaviira Nkurunungi [Ouganda, Royaume-Uni] ; Irene Andia Biraro [Ouganda] ; Harriet Mpairwe [Ouganda] ; Alison M. Elliott [Ouganda, Royaume-Uni]Source :
- Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene [ 0035-9203 ] ; 2017.
Abstract
Worms have co-evolved with humans over millions of years. To survive, they manipulate host systems by modulating immune responses so that they cause (in the majority of hosts) relatively subtle harm. Anthelminthic treatment has been promoted as a measure for averting worm specific pathology and to mitigate subtle morbidities which may include effects on anaemia, growth, cognitive function and economic activity. With our changing environment marked by rapid population growth, urbanisation, better hygiene practices and anthelminthic treatment, there has been a decline in worm infections and other infectious diseases and a rise in non-communicable diseases such as allergy, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. This review reflects upon our age-old interaction with worms, and the broader ramifications of life without worms for vaccine responses and susceptibility to other infections, and for allergy-related and metabolic disease. We touch upon the controversy around the benefits of mass drug administration for the more-subtle morbidities that have been associated with worm infections and then focus our attention on broader, additional aspects of life without worms, which may be either beneficial or detrimental.
Url:
DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trx010
PubMed: 28340138
PubMed Central: 5412073
Affiliations:
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Box 49, Entebbe</addr-line>,<country>Uganda</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ouganda</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="trx010af2"><addr-line>College of Health Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>Makerere University</institution>,<addr-line>Kampala</addr-line>,<country>Uganda</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ouganda</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nkurunungi, Gyaviira" sort="Nkurunungi, Gyaviira" uniqKey="Nkurunungi G" first="Gyaviira" last="Nkurunungi">Gyaviira Nkurunungi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="trx010af1"><addr-line>MRC/UVRI Uganda Research Unit, Uganda Virus Research Institute, P.O. 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Sanya</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="trx010af1"><addr-line>MRC/UVRI Uganda Research Unit, Uganda Virus Research Institute, P.O. Box 49, Entebbe</addr-line>,<country>Uganda</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ouganda</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="trx010af2"><addr-line>College of Health Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>Makerere University</institution>,<addr-line>Kampala</addr-line>,<country>Uganda</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ouganda</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nkurunungi, Gyaviira" sort="Nkurunungi, Gyaviira" uniqKey="Nkurunungi G" first="Gyaviira" last="Nkurunungi">Gyaviira Nkurunungi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="trx010af1"><addr-line>MRC/UVRI Uganda Research Unit, Uganda Virus Research Institute, P.O. Box 49, Entebbe</addr-line>,<country>Uganda</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ouganda</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="trx010af3"><addr-line>Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT</addr-line>,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Andia Biraro, Irene" sort="Andia Biraro, Irene" uniqKey="Andia Biraro I" first="Irene" last="Andia Biraro">Irene Andia Biraro</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="trx010af2"><addr-line>College of Health Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>Makerere University</institution>,<addr-line>Kampala</addr-line>,<country>Uganda</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ouganda</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mpairwe, Harriet" sort="Mpairwe, Harriet" uniqKey="Mpairwe H" first="Harriet" last="Mpairwe">Harriet Mpairwe</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="trx010af1"><addr-line>MRC/UVRI Uganda Research Unit, Uganda Virus Research Institute, P.O. Box 49, Entebbe</addr-line>,<country>Uganda</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ouganda</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Elliott, Alison M" sort="Elliott, Alison M" uniqKey="Elliott A" first="Alison M." last="Elliott">Alison M. Elliott</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="trx010af1"><addr-line>MRC/UVRI Uganda Research Unit, Uganda Virus Research Institute, P.O. Box 49, Entebbe</addr-line>,<country>Uganda</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ouganda</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="trx010af3"><addr-line>Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT</addr-line>,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene</title><idno type="ISSN">0035-9203</idno><idno type="eISSN">1878-3503</idno><imprint><date when="2017">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>Abstract</title><p>Worms have co-evolved with humans over millions of years. To survive, they manipulate host systems by modulating immune responses so that they cause (in the majority of hosts) relatively subtle harm. Anthelminthic treatment has been promoted as a measure for averting worm specific pathology and to mitigate subtle morbidities which may include effects on anaemia, growth, cognitive function and economic activity. With our changing environment marked by rapid population growth, urbanisation, better hygiene practices and anthelminthic treatment, there has been a decline in worm infections and other infectious diseases and a rise in non-communicable diseases such as allergy, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. This review reflects upon our age-old interaction with worms, and the broader ramifications of life without worms for vaccine responses and susceptibility to other infections, and for allergy-related and metabolic disease. We touch upon the controversy around the benefits of mass drug administration for the more-subtle morbidities that have been associated with worm infections and then focus our attention on broader, additional aspects of life without worms, which may be either beneficial or detrimental.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pullan, Rl" uniqKey="Pullan R">RL Pullan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, Jl" uniqKey="Smith J">JL Smith</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jasrasaria, R" uniqKey="Jasrasaria R">R Jasrasaria</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Colley, Dg" uniqKey="Colley D">DG Colley</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bustinduy, Al" uniqKey="Bustinduy A">AL Bustinduy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Secor, We" uniqKey="Secor W">WE Secor</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hotez, Pj" uniqKey="Hotez 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">trstmh</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0035-9203</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1878-3503</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Oxford University Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">28340138</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">5412073</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/trstmh/trx010</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">trx010</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Review</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="category-oup-series"><subject>Editor's Choice</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>A life without worms</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Sanya</surname><given-names>Richard E.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="trx010af1">a</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="trx010af2">b</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="trx010cor1"></xref><pmc-comment>sanyarich@gmail.com </pmc-comment>
</contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Nkurunungi</surname><given-names>Gyaviira</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="trx010af1">a</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="trx010af3">c</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Andia Biraro</surname><given-names>Irene</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="trx010af2">b</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mpairwe</surname><given-names>Harriet</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="trx010af1">a</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Elliott</surname><given-names>Alison M.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="trx010af1">a</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="trx010af3">c</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="trx010af1"><label>a</label><addr-line>MRC/UVRI Uganda Research Unit, Uganda Virus Research Institute, P.O. Box 49, Entebbe</addr-line>,<country>Uganda</country></aff><aff id="trx010af2"><label>b</label><addr-line>College of Health Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>Makerere University</institution>,<addr-line>Kampala</addr-line>,<country>Uganda</country></aff><aff id="trx010af3"><label>c</label><addr-line>Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT</addr-line>,<country>UK</country></aff><author-notes><corresp id="trx010cor1"><label>*</label>Corresponding author: E-mail: <email>sanyarich@gmail.com</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>1</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2017-03-18"><day>18</day><month>3</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>18</day><month>3</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on the
<volume>111</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>3</fpage><lpage>11</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>19</day><month>1</month><year>2017</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>12</day><month>2</month><year>2017</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>27</day><month>2</month><year>2017</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><license license-type="cc-by" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (<uri xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</uri>), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="trx010.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><title>Abstract</title><p>Worms have co-evolved with humans over millions of years. To survive, they manipulate host systems by modulating immune responses so that they cause (in the majority of hosts) relatively subtle harm. Anthelminthic treatment has been promoted as a measure for averting worm specific pathology and to mitigate subtle morbidities which may include effects on anaemia, growth, cognitive function and economic activity. With our changing environment marked by rapid population growth, urbanisation, better hygiene practices and anthelminthic treatment, there has been a decline in worm infections and other infectious diseases and a rise in non-communicable diseases such as allergy, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. This review reflects upon our age-old interaction with worms, and the broader ramifications of life without worms for vaccine responses and susceptibility to other infections, and for allergy-related and metabolic disease. We touch upon the controversy around the benefits of mass drug administration for the more-subtle morbidities that have been associated with worm infections and then focus our attention on broader, additional aspects of life without worms, which may be either beneficial or detrimental.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>Allergy</kwd><kwd>Anthelminthic</kwd><kwd>Helminths</kwd><kwd>Infectious diseases</kwd><kwd>Metabolic disease</kwd><kwd>Vaccines</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group award-type="grant"><funding-source><named-content content-type="funder-name">Wellcome Trust</named-content><named-content content-type="funder-identifier">10.13039/100004440</named-content></funding-source><award-id>107743</award-id><award-id>095778</award-id><award-id>102512</award-id></award-group><award-group award-type="grant"><funding-source><named-content content-type="funder-name">African Partnership for Chronic Disease Research
</named-content></funding-source></award-group></funding-group><counts><page-count count="9"></page-count></counts></article-meta></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Ouganda</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li></country></list><tree><country name="Ouganda"><noRegion><name sortKey="Sanya, Richard E" sort="Sanya, Richard E" uniqKey="Sanya R" first="Richard E." last="Sanya">Richard E. Sanya</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Andia Biraro, Irene" sort="Andia Biraro, Irene" uniqKey="Andia Biraro I" first="Irene" last="Andia Biraro">Irene Andia Biraro</name><name sortKey="Elliott, Alison M" sort="Elliott, Alison M" uniqKey="Elliott A" first="Alison M." last="Elliott">Alison M. Elliott</name><name sortKey="Mpairwe, Harriet" sort="Mpairwe, Harriet" uniqKey="Mpairwe H" first="Harriet" last="Mpairwe">Harriet Mpairwe</name><name sortKey="Nkurunungi, Gyaviira" sort="Nkurunungi, Gyaviira" uniqKey="Nkurunungi G" first="Gyaviira" last="Nkurunungi">Gyaviira Nkurunungi</name><name sortKey="Sanya, Richard E" sort="Sanya, Richard E" uniqKey="Sanya R" first="Richard E." last="Sanya">Richard E. Sanya</name></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Nkurunungi, Gyaviira" sort="Nkurunungi, Gyaviira" uniqKey="Nkurunungi G" first="Gyaviira" last="Nkurunungi">Gyaviira Nkurunungi</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Elliott, Alison M" sort="Elliott, Alison M" uniqKey="Elliott A" first="Alison M." last="Elliott">Alison M. Elliott</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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