Intraocular Pressure-Lowering Effect of Latanoprost Is Hampered by Defective Cervical Lymphatic Drainage
Identifieur interne : 000230 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000229; suivant : 000231Intraocular Pressure-Lowering Effect of Latanoprost Is Hampered by Defective Cervical Lymphatic Drainage
Auteurs : Young Kook Kim [Corée du Sud] ; Kyeong Ik Na [Corée du Sud] ; Jin Wook Jeoung [Corée du Sud] ; Ki Ho Park [Corée du Sud]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2017.
Abstract
To evaluate whether defects in cervical lymphatic drainage influence the intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effect of latanoprost in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) who have undergone unilateral radical neck dissection (uRND).
We enrolled (1) bilateral POAG patients who had started (bilateral) latanoprost (0.005%) monotherapy prior to their uRND and (2) treatment-naïve, bilateral glaucoma suspects (GSs) who had undergone the same surgery. We compared the eyes ipsilateral to the uRND with their fellow eyes in terms of the changes in IOP between the baseline (prior to the uRND) and the follow-up visits (1, 3, and 6 months after the uRND).
The study involved 22 eyes of 11 POAG patients and 14 eyes of 7 GSs. In the POAG patients, IOP had increased significantly after surgery in the eyes ipsilateral to the uRND (from 14.7±1.4mmHg to 17.1±2.2mmHg; P = 0.007). Interestingly, in the eyes contralateral to the uRND, IOP had not changed significantly after surgery (from 14.2±1.8mmHg to 14.4±2.0mmHg; P = 0.826). In GSs, the eyes ipsilateral to the uRND did not differ significantly from their fellow eyes in terms of post-operative IOP change (ipsilateral value: 0.3±0.5mmHg, fellow eyes: -0.1±0.7mmHg; P = 0.242).
In the POAG patients, IOP had increased significantly in the eyes ipsilateral to the uRND. However, it had not changed significantly in the eyes contralateral to the surgery or in the eyes of the GSs. These findings suggest that, latanoprost works, at least in part, by enhancing outflow from the aqueous humor via the uveolymphatic pathway.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169683
PubMed: 28081184
PubMed Central: 5231387
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Intraocular Pressure-Lowering Effect of Latanoprost Is Hampered by Defective Cervical Lymphatic Drainage</title><author><name sortKey="Kim, Young Kook" sort="Kim, Young Kook" uniqKey="Kim Y" first="Young Kook" last="Kim">Young Kook Kim</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Séoul</settlement><region type="capital">Région capitale de Séoul</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Séoul</settlement><region type="capital">Région capitale de Séoul</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Na, Kyeong Ik" sort="Na, Kyeong Ik" uniqKey="Na K" first="Kyeong Ik" last="Na">Kyeong Ik Na</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Séoul</settlement><region type="capital">Région capitale de Séoul</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jeoung, Jin Wook" sort="Jeoung, Jin Wook" uniqKey="Jeoung J" first="Jin Wook" last="Jeoung">Jin Wook Jeoung</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Séoul</settlement><region type="capital">Région capitale de Séoul</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Séoul</settlement><region type="capital">Région capitale de Séoul</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Park, Ki Ho" sort="Park, Ki Ho" uniqKey="Park K" first="Ki Ho" last="Park">Ki Ho 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first="Young Kook" last="Kim">Young Kook Kim</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Séoul</settlement><region type="capital">Région capitale de Séoul</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Séoul</settlement><region type="capital">Région capitale de Séoul</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Na, Kyeong Ik" sort="Na, Kyeong Ik" uniqKey="Na K" first="Kyeong Ik" last="Na">Kyeong Ik Na</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Séoul</settlement><region type="capital">Région capitale de Séoul</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jeoung, Jin Wook" sort="Jeoung, Jin Wook" uniqKey="Jeoung J" first="Jin Wook" last="Jeoung">Jin Wook Jeoung</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Séoul</settlement><region type="capital">Région capitale de Séoul</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Séoul</settlement><region type="capital">Région capitale de Séoul</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Park, Ki Ho" sort="Park, Ki Ho" uniqKey="Park K" first="Ki Ho" last="Park">Ki Ho Park</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Séoul</settlement><region type="capital">Région capitale de Séoul</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Séoul</settlement><region type="capital">Région capitale de Séoul</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2017">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="sec001"><title>Purpose</title><p>To evaluate whether defects in cervical lymphatic drainage influence the intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effect of latanoprost in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) who have undergone unilateral radical neck dissection (uRND).</p></sec><sec id="sec002"><title>Methods</title><p>We enrolled (1) bilateral POAG patients who had started (bilateral) latanoprost (0.005%) monotherapy prior to their uRND and (2) treatment-naïve, bilateral glaucoma suspects (GSs) who had undergone the same surgery. We compared the eyes ipsilateral to the uRND with their fellow eyes in terms of the changes in IOP between the baseline (prior to the uRND) and the follow-up visits (1, 3, and 6 months after the uRND).</p></sec><sec id="sec003"><title>Results</title><p>The study involved 22 eyes of 11 POAG patients and 14 eyes of 7 GSs. In the POAG patients, IOP had increased significantly after surgery in the eyes ipsilateral to the uRND (from 14.7±1.4mmHg to 17.1±2.2mmHg; P = 0.007). Interestingly, in the eyes contralateral to the uRND, IOP had not changed significantly after surgery (from 14.2±1.8mmHg to 14.4±2.0mmHg; P = 0.826). In GSs, the eyes ipsilateral to the uRND did not differ significantly from their fellow eyes in terms of post-operative IOP change (ipsilateral value: 0.3±0.5mmHg, fellow eyes: -0.1±0.7mmHg; P = 0.242).</p></sec><sec id="sec004"><title>Conclusion</title><p>In the POAG patients, IOP had increased significantly in the eyes ipsilateral to the uRND. However, it had not changed significantly in the eyes contralateral to the surgery or in the eyes of the GSs. These findings suggest that, latanoprost works, at least in part, by enhancing outflow from the aqueous humor via the uveolymphatic pathway.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Heijl, A" uniqKey="Heijl A">A Heijl</name></author><author><name sortKey="Leske, Mc" uniqKey="Leske M">MC Leske</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bengtsson, B" uniqKey="Bengtsson B">B Bengtsson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hyman, L" uniqKey="Hyman L">L Hyman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bengtsson, B" uniqKey="Bengtsson B">B Bengtsson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hussein, M" uniqKey="Hussein M">M Hussein</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Leske, Mc" uniqKey="Leske M">MC Leske</name></author><author><name sortKey="Heijl, A" uniqKey="Heijl A">A Heijl</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hussein, M" uniqKey="Hussein M">M Hussein</name></author><author><name 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">PLoS One</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">PLoS ONE</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">plos</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">plosone</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>PLoS ONE</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1932-6203</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Public Library of Science</publisher-name><publisher-loc>San Francisco, CA USA</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">28081184</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">5231387</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0169683</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">PONE-D-16-33852</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Anatomy</subject><subj-group><subject>Head</subject><subj-group><subject>Eyes</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Anatomy</subject><subj-group><subject>Head</subject><subj-group><subject>Eyes</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Anatomy</subject><subj-group><subject>Ocular System</subject><subj-group><subject>Eyes</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Anatomy</subject><subj-group><subject>Ocular System</subject><subj-group><subject>Eyes</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Ophthalmology</subject><subj-group><subject>Eye Diseases</subject><subj-group><subject>Glaucoma</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Surgical and Invasive Medical Procedures</subject></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Anatomy</subject><subj-group><subject>Endocrine System</subject><subj-group><subject>Thyroid</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Anatomy</subject><subj-group><subject>Endocrine System</subject><subj-group><subject>Thyroid</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Oncology</subject><subj-group><subject>Cancers and Neoplasms</subject><subj-group><subject>Breast Tumors</subject><subj-group><subject>Papillary Carcinomas</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Oncology</subject><subj-group><subject>Cancers and Neoplasms</subject><subj-group><subject>Carcinomas</subject><subj-group><subject>Papillary Carcinomas</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Surgical and Invasive Medical Procedures</subject><subj-group><subject>Ophthalmic Procedures</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Surgical and Invasive Medical Procedures</subject><subj-group><subject>Radical Surgery</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Neuroscience</subject><subj-group><subject>Sensory Perception</subject><subj-group><subject>Vision</subject><subj-group><subject>Visual Acuity</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Psychology</subject><subj-group><subject>Sensory Perception</subject><subj-group><subject>Vision</subject><subj-group><subject>Visual Acuity</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Social Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Psychology</subject><subj-group><subject>Sensory Perception</subject><subj-group><subject>Vision</subject><subj-group><subject>Visual Acuity</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Intraocular Pressure-Lowering Effect of Latanoprost Is Hampered by Defective Cervical Lymphatic Drainage</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">Effect of Lymphatic Drainage Defect on IOP</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kim</surname><given-names>Young Kook</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff002"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Na</surname><given-names>Kyeong Ik</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Jeoung</surname><given-names>Jin Wook</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff002"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Park</surname><given-names>Ki Ho</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff002"><sup>2</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor001">*</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff001"><label>1</label><addr-line>Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff002"><label>2</label><addr-line>Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea</addr-line></aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Acott</surname><given-names>Ted S</given-names></name><role>Editor</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="edit1"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="edit1"><addr-line>Oregon Health and Science University, UNITED STATES</addr-line></aff><author-notes><fn fn-type="COI-statement" id="coi001"><p><bold>Competing Interests: </bold>The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</p></fn><fn fn-type="con"><p><list list-type="simple"><list-item><p><bold>Conceptualization:</bold> YKK KIN JWJ KHP.</p></list-item><list-item><p><bold>Data curation:</bold> YKK KIN JWJ KHP.</p></list-item><list-item><p><bold>Formal analysis:</bold> YKK KIN JWJ KHP.</p></list-item><list-item><p><bold>Funding acquisition:</bold> KHP.</p></list-item><list-item><p><bold>Investigation:</bold> YKK KIN JWJ KHP.</p></list-item><list-item><p><bold>Methodology:</bold> YKK KIN JWJ KHP.</p></list-item><list-item><p><bold>Project administration:</bold> KHP.</p></list-item><list-item><p><bold>Resources:</bold> YKK KIN JWJ KHP.</p></list-item><list-item><p><bold>Software:</bold> YKK KIN JWJ KHP.</p></list-item><list-item><p><bold>Supervision:</bold> KHP.</p></list-item><list-item><p><bold>Validation:</bold> YKK KIN JWJ KHP.</p></list-item><list-item><p><bold>Visualization:</bold> YKK KIN JWJ KHP.</p></list-item><list-item><p><bold>Writing – original draft:</bold> YKK KIN JWJ KHP.</p></list-item><list-item><p><bold>Writing – review & editing:</bold> YKK KIN JWJ KHP.</p></list-item></list></p></fn><corresp id="cor001">* E-mail: <email>kihopark@snu.ac.kr</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>1</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>1</issue><elocation-id>e0169683</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>24</day><month>8</month><year>2016</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>19</day><month>12</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2017 Kim et al</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Kim et al</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution License</ext-link>, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="pone.0169683.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><sec id="sec001"><title>Purpose</title><p>To evaluate whether defects in cervical lymphatic drainage influence the intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effect of latanoprost in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) who have undergone unilateral radical neck dissection (uRND).</p></sec><sec id="sec002"><title>Methods</title><p>We enrolled (1) bilateral POAG patients who had started (bilateral) latanoprost (0.005%) monotherapy prior to their uRND and (2) treatment-naïve, bilateral glaucoma suspects (GSs) who had undergone the same surgery. We compared the eyes ipsilateral to the uRND with their fellow eyes in terms of the changes in IOP between the baseline (prior to the uRND) and the follow-up visits (1, 3, and 6 months after the uRND).</p></sec><sec id="sec003"><title>Results</title><p>The study involved 22 eyes of 11 POAG patients and 14 eyes of 7 GSs. In the POAG patients, IOP had increased significantly after surgery in the eyes ipsilateral to the uRND (from 14.7±1.4mmHg to 17.1±2.2mmHg; P = 0.007). Interestingly, in the eyes contralateral to the uRND, IOP had not changed significantly after surgery (from 14.2±1.8mmHg to 14.4±2.0mmHg; P = 0.826). In GSs, the eyes ipsilateral to the uRND did not differ significantly from their fellow eyes in terms of post-operative IOP change (ipsilateral value: 0.3±0.5mmHg, fellow eyes: -0.1±0.7mmHg; P = 0.242).</p></sec><sec id="sec004"><title>Conclusion</title><p>In the POAG patients, IOP had increased significantly in the eyes ipsilateral to the uRND. However, it had not changed significantly in the eyes contralateral to the surgery or in the eyes of the GSs. These findings suggest that, latanoprost works, at least in part, by enhancing outflow from the aqueous humor via the uveolymphatic pathway.</p></sec></abstract><funding-group><funding-statement>The author(s) received no specific funding for this work.</funding-statement></funding-group><counts><fig-count count="1"></fig-count><table-count count="5"></table-count><page-count count="12"></page-count></counts><custom-meta-group><custom-meta id="data-availability"><meta-name>Data Availability</meta-name><meta-value>Data are available from the Seoul National University Hospital Institutional Review Board for researchers who meet the criteria for access to confidential data. An institutional contact name and email address for interested readers to access our minimal dataset from the Seoul National University Hospital: Name: Data Manager of Seoul National University Hospital Institutional Review Board; Email <email>02361@snuh.org</email>.</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta><notes><title>Data Availability</title><p>Data are available from the Seoul National University Hospital Institutional Review Board for researchers who meet the criteria for access to confidential data. An institutional contact name and email address for interested readers to access our minimal dataset from the Seoul National University Hospital: Name: Data Manager of Seoul National University Hospital Institutional Review Board; Email <email>02361@snuh.org</email>.</p></notes></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Corée du Sud</li></country><region><li>Région capitale de Séoul</li></region><settlement><li>Séoul</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="Corée du Sud"><region name="Région capitale de Séoul"><name sortKey="Kim, Young Kook" sort="Kim, Young Kook" uniqKey="Kim Y" first="Young Kook" last="Kim">Young Kook Kim</name></region><name sortKey="Jeoung, Jin Wook" sort="Jeoung, Jin Wook" uniqKey="Jeoung J" first="Jin Wook" last="Jeoung">Jin Wook Jeoung</name><name sortKey="Jeoung, Jin Wook" sort="Jeoung, Jin Wook" uniqKey="Jeoung J" first="Jin Wook" last="Jeoung">Jin Wook Jeoung</name><name sortKey="Kim, Young Kook" sort="Kim, Young Kook" uniqKey="Kim Y" first="Young Kook" last="Kim">Young Kook Kim</name><name sortKey="Na, Kyeong Ik" sort="Na, Kyeong Ik" uniqKey="Na K" first="Kyeong Ik" last="Na">Kyeong Ik Na</name><name sortKey="Park, Ki Ho" sort="Park, Ki Ho" uniqKey="Park K" first="Ki Ho" last="Park">Ki Ho Park</name><name sortKey="Park, Ki Ho" sort="Park, Ki Ho" uniqKey="Park K" first="Ki Ho" last="Park">Ki Ho Park</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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