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Targeting of CCBE1 by miR-330-3p in human breast cancer promotes metastasis

Identifieur interne : 000053 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000052; suivant : 000054

Targeting of CCBE1 by miR-330-3p in human breast cancer promotes metastasis

Auteurs : Aruz Mesci [Canada] ; Xiaoyong Huang [Canada] ; Samira Taeb [Canada] ; Sahar Jahangiri [Canada] ; Yohan Kim [Canada] ; Emmanouil Fokas [Royaume-Uni] ; Jeff Bruce [Canada] ; Hon S. Leong [Canada] ; Stanley K. Liu [Canada]

Source :

RBID : PMC:5482727

Abstract

Background:

MicroRNAs (miRs) are involved in the regulation of many processes that contribute to malignancy, including cell proliferation, radiation resistance, invasion and metastasis. The role of miR-330-3p, an miR upregulated in breast cancer, remains unclear.

Methods:

We examine the association of miR-330-3p with distant relapse-free survival in the Oxford cohort of breast cancer patients. We also study miR-330-3p function using in vitro invasion and ex ovo metastasis assays. Using in vitro luciferase assays, we validate a novel target gene for miR-330-3p, Collagen And Calcium Binding EGF Domains 1 (CCBE1). We assess functional consequences of CCBE1 loss by using siRNA-mediated knockdown followed by in vitro invasion assays. Lastly, we examine the expression profile of CCBE1 in breast carcinomas in the Curtis and TCGA Breast Cancer data sets using Oncomine Platform as well as distant relapse-free and overall survival of patients in the Helsinki University breast cancer data set according to CCBE1 expression status.

Results:

miR-330-3p is enriched in breast cancer, and higher levels of miR-330-3p expression are associated with lower distant relapse-free survival in a cohort of breast cancer patients. Consistent with these observations, overexpression of miR-330-3p in breast cancer cell lines results in greater invasiveness in vitro, and miR-330-3p-overexpressing cells also metastasise more aggressively ex ovo. We identify CCBE1 as a direct target of miR-330-3p, and show that knockdown of CCBE1 results in a greater invasive capacity. Accordingly, in breast cancer patients CCBE1 is frequently downregulated, and its loss is associated with reduced distant relapse-free and overall survival.

Conclusions:

We show for the first time that miR-330-3p targets CCBE1 to promote invasion and metastasis. miR-330-3p and CCBE1 may represent promising biomarkers in breast cancer.


Url:
DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.105
PubMed: 28419078
PubMed Central: 5482727


Affiliations:


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PMC:5482727

Le document en format XML

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<title>Background:</title>
<p>MicroRNAs (miRs) are involved in the regulation of many processes that contribute to malignancy, including cell proliferation, radiation resistance, invasion and metastasis. The role of miR-330-3p, an miR upregulated in breast cancer, remains unclear.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods:</title>
<p>We examine the association of miR-330-3p with distant relapse-free survival in the Oxford cohort of breast cancer patients. We also study miR-330-3p function using
<italic>in vitro</italic>
invasion and
<italic>ex ovo</italic>
metastasis assays. Using
<italic>in vitro</italic>
luciferase assays, we validate a novel target gene for miR-330-3p, Collagen And Calcium Binding EGF Domains 1 (CCBE1). We assess functional consequences of CCBE1 loss by using siRNA-mediated knockdown followed by
<italic>in vitro</italic>
invasion assays. Lastly, we examine the expression profile of CCBE1 in breast carcinomas in the Curtis and TCGA Breast Cancer data sets using Oncomine Platform as well as distant relapse-free and overall survival of patients in the Helsinki University breast cancer data set according to CCBE1 expression status.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<title>Results:</title>
<p>miR-330-3p is enriched in breast cancer, and higher levels of miR-330-3p expression are associated with lower distant relapse-free survival in a cohort of breast cancer patients. Consistent with these observations, overexpression of miR-330-3p in breast cancer cell lines results in greater invasiveness
<italic>in vitro</italic>
, and miR-330-3p-overexpressing cells also metastasise more aggressively
<italic>ex ovo</italic>
. We identify CCBE1 as a direct target of miR-330-3p, and show that knockdown of CCBE1 results in a greater invasive capacity. Accordingly, in breast cancer patients CCBE1 is frequently downregulated, and its loss is associated with reduced distant relapse-free and overall survival.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusions:</title>
<p>We show for the first time that miR-330-3p targets CCBE1 to promote invasion and metastasis. miR-330-3p and CCBE1 may represent promising biomarkers in breast cancer.</p>
</sec>
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<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Br. J. Cancer</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>British Journal of Cancer</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">0007-0920</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1532-1827</issn>
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<publisher-name>Nature Publishing Group</publisher-name>
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<article-id pub-id-type="pmid">28419078</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">5482727</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pii">bjc2017105</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1038/bjc.2017.105</article-id>
<article-categories>
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<subject>Molecular Diagnostics</subject>
</subj-group>
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<title-group>
<article-title>Targeting of CCBE1 by miR-330-3p in human breast cancer promotes metastasis</article-title>
<alt-title alt-title-type="running">Targeting of CCBE1 by miR-330-3p</alt-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Mesci</surname>
<given-names>Aruz</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Huang</surname>
<given-names>Xiaoyong</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Taeb</surname>
<given-names>Samira</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Jahangiri</surname>
<given-names>Sahar</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Kim</surname>
<given-names>Yohan</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Fokas</surname>
<given-names>Emmanouil</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">4</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Bruce</surname>
<given-names>Jeff</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">5</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Leong</surname>
<given-names>Hon S</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Liu</surname>
<given-names>Stanley K</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">6</xref>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="caf1">*</xref>
</contrib>
<aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<institution>Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre</institution>
, Toronto, Ontario,
<country>Canada</country>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<institution>Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto</institution>
, Toronto, Ontario,
<country>Canada</country>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<institution>Pathology and Lab Medicine, University of Western Ontario</institution>
, London, Ontario,
<country>Canada</country>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<institution>Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford</institution>
, Oxford,
<country>UK</country>
</aff>
<aff id="aff5">
<label>5</label>
<institution>Princess Margaret Cancer Centre</institution>
, Toronto, Ontario,
<country>Canada</country>
</aff>
<aff id="aff6">
<label>6</label>
<institution>Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto</institution>
, Toronto, Ontario,
<country>Canada</country>
</aff>
</contrib-group>
<author-notes>
<corresp id="caf1">
<label>*</label>
E-mail:
<email>stanley.liu@sunnybrook.ca</email>
</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub">
<day>09</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>18</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release">
<day>9</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>116</volume>
<issue>10</issue>
<fpage>1350</fpage>
<lpage>1357</lpage>
<history>
<date date-type="received">
<day>25</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2016</year>
</date>
<date date-type="rev-recd">
<day>21</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2017</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted">
<day>23</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2017</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright © 2017 The Author(s)</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2017</copyright-year>
<copyright-holder>The Author(s)</copyright-holder>
<license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/">
<pmc-comment>author-paid</pmc-comment>
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-Share Alike 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit
<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/</ext-link>
</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract>
<sec>
<title>Background:</title>
<p>MicroRNAs (miRs) are involved in the regulation of many processes that contribute to malignancy, including cell proliferation, radiation resistance, invasion and metastasis. The role of miR-330-3p, an miR upregulated in breast cancer, remains unclear.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods:</title>
<p>We examine the association of miR-330-3p with distant relapse-free survival in the Oxford cohort of breast cancer patients. We also study miR-330-3p function using
<italic>in vitro</italic>
invasion and
<italic>ex ovo</italic>
metastasis assays. Using
<italic>in vitro</italic>
luciferase assays, we validate a novel target gene for miR-330-3p, Collagen And Calcium Binding EGF Domains 1 (CCBE1). We assess functional consequences of CCBE1 loss by using siRNA-mediated knockdown followed by
<italic>in vitro</italic>
invasion assays. Lastly, we examine the expression profile of CCBE1 in breast carcinomas in the Curtis and TCGA Breast Cancer data sets using Oncomine Platform as well as distant relapse-free and overall survival of patients in the Helsinki University breast cancer data set according to CCBE1 expression status.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<title>Results:</title>
<p>miR-330-3p is enriched in breast cancer, and higher levels of miR-330-3p expression are associated with lower distant relapse-free survival in a cohort of breast cancer patients. Consistent with these observations, overexpression of miR-330-3p in breast cancer cell lines results in greater invasiveness
<italic>in vitro</italic>
, and miR-330-3p-overexpressing cells also metastasise more aggressively
<italic>ex ovo</italic>
. We identify CCBE1 as a direct target of miR-330-3p, and show that knockdown of CCBE1 results in a greater invasive capacity. Accordingly, in breast cancer patients CCBE1 is frequently downregulated, and its loss is associated with reduced distant relapse-free and overall survival.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusions:</title>
<p>We show for the first time that miR-330-3p targets CCBE1 to promote invasion and metastasis. miR-330-3p and CCBE1 may represent promising biomarkers in breast cancer.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd>miR-330-3p</kwd>
<kwd>metastasis</kwd>
<kwd>invasion</kwd>
<kwd>CCBE1</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
<floats-group>
<fig id="fig1">
<label>Figure 1</label>
<caption>
<p>
<bold>miR-330-3p is elevated in human breast cancer and is associated with reduced distant relapse-free survival.</bold>
(
<bold>A</bold>
) Expression levels of miR-330-3p in a cohort of human breast cancer patients (GSE22216; cancer
<italic>versus</italic>
normal tissue). (
<bold>B</bold>
) The Kaplan–Meier curve of distant relapse-free survival in the early-stage breast cancer patient cohort: lowest quartile of miR-330-3p expression (solid)
<italic>versus</italic>
higher three quartiles (dashed) of miR-330-3p expression. A log-rank test was performed for statistical significance, and the hazard ratio was calculated between the two groups (*
<italic>P</italic>
<0.05, **
<italic>P</italic>
<0.01).</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="bjc2017105f1"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="fig2">
<label>Figure 2</label>
<caption>
<p>
<bold>miR-330-3p increases invasiveness, extravasation and metastases.</bold>
(
<bold>A</bold>
) MDA-MB-231 or MCF10.DCIS were transiently transfected with the miR-330-3p or the control mimic, followed by a Matrigel transwell invasion assay. Means, standard deviations and statistical significance are shown (*
<italic>P</italic>
<0.05;
<italic>n</italic>
=3 independent experiments). Representative images of the invasion assays for MDA-MB-231 are shown. Scale bar denotes 100
<italic>μ</italic>
m. (
<bold>B</bold>
) MDA-MB-231 cells were transduced with a lentivirus encoding for the control (MDA.ctrl) or the miR-330-3p (MDA.330p) mimic, followed by the chick CAM assay. Extravasation efficiency, actin stress fibres per cell and number metastatic colonies are shown with means, standard deviations and statistical significance (*
<italic>P</italic>
<0.05, ***
<italic>P</italic>
<0.001;
<italic>n</italic>
=3 independent experiments). Representative images are shown; green: MDA.ctrl or MDA.330p transductants (as labelled) expressing GFP; red: stroma stained with lectin; blue: stroma stained with dextran. Representative image shows three different planes of view (XY, XZ and YZ as labelled) Scale bar=20 
<italic>μ</italic>
m, magnification: × 60.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="bjc2017105f2"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="fig3">
<label>Figure 3</label>
<caption>
<p>
<bold>miR-330-3p targets CCBE1, and CCBE1 downregulation results in increased invasiveness.</bold>
(
<bold>A</bold>
) Pearson correlation test of miR-330-3p expression with CCBE1 transcript expression from Oxford breast cohort (GSE22216 for miR and GSE22219 for mRNA); Pearson’s rho=−0.129, ***
<italic>P</italic>
<0.005. (
<bold>B</bold>
) MDA-MB-231 were transiently transfected with the miR-330-3p or the control mimic. Left panel: qPCR analysis of CCBE1 transcripts (normalised to GAPDH). Means and standard deviations are shown. Middle panel: representative western blot of CCBE1 protein levels (with
<italic>β</italic>
-actin control; numbers shown represent molecular weight markers in kDa). Right panel: densitometry analyses of CCBE1 protein normalised to
<italic>β</italic>
-actin control). (
<bold>C</bold>
) Sequence alignment of miR-330-3p with the wild type (wt) or mutated (mut) 3′UTR of CCBE1 showing the putative miR-330-3p binding site. MDA-MB-231 cells were transiently transfected with control or the miR-330-3p mimic, in combination with the wild type (wt; middle panel) or the mutated (mut; right panel) 3′UTR CCBE1 luciferase reporter. Luciferase activity was normalised to a renilla control. Means, standard deviations and statistical significance are shown.
<italic>n</italic>
=3 independent experiments. (
<bold>D</bold>
) MDA-MB-231 or MCF10DCIS.COM cells were transfected with a pool of CCBE1-specific siRNA (siCCBE1) or control (control) mimic, followed by qPCR analysis of CCBE1 transcripts (normalised to GAPDH) (left panel) or western blot analysis (normalised to
<italic>β</italic>
-actin) (middle panel – representative blot shown). Densitometry is shown in the right panel. (
<bold>E</bold>
) Matrigel transwell invasion assay of MDA-MB-231 or MCF10DCIS.COM cell lines transfected with siCCBE1 or Control as above. Means, standard deviations, and statistical significance are shown from
<italic>n</italic>
=3 independent experiments. Representative images are displayed (scale bar: MDA-MB-231: 200 
<italic>μ</italic>
m; MCF10DCIS.COM: 500 
<italic>μ</italic>
m).</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="bjc2017105f3"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="fig4">
<label>Figure 4</label>
<caption>
<p>
<bold>CCBE1 is downregulated in a cohort of patients with DCIS and invasive ductal carcinoma, and CCBE1 levels inversely correlate with survival.</bold>
(
<bold>A</bold>
) Oncotype Platform was searched for differential expression of CCBE1 in normal
<italic>versus</italic>
cancer tissues (gene keyword: CCBE1, search limited by breast cancer, cancer
<italic>versus</italic>
normal analysis). Results were ordered by fold change (reduction). Comparison of normal
<italic>versus</italic>
DCIS (left panel), normal
<italic>versus</italic>
invasive ductal carcinoma (middle panel) from Curtis Breast Cancer data set, as well as normal
<italic>versus</italic>
invasive ductal carcinoma from the TCGA Breast Cancer data set (right panel) are shown. 25–75 percentile range is shown by the box; median is indicated by the line inside the 25–75 percentile. Also shown are 10–90 percentile range (lines above and below the 25–75 percentile) and minimum/maximum values (dots). Fold change in CCBE1 expression and
<italic>P</italic>
-values is indicated. ***
<italic>P</italic>
<0.001. (
<bold>B</bold>
) Kaplan–Meier distant relapse-free survival (left panel) and overall survival (middle panel) curves of the Helsinki University breast cancer patient cohort (GSE24450) as well as distant relapse-free survival in the Oxford breast cohort (right panel; GSE22219) are shown as lower quartile of CCBE1 expression (dashed line)
<italic>versus</italic>
higher three quartiles of CCBE1 (solid line) expression. Log-rank test was performed for statistical significance (**
<italic>P</italic>
<0.01; *
<italic>P</italic>
<0.05; NS, nonsignificant,
<italic>P</italic>
>0.05).</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="bjc2017105f4"></graphic>
</fig>
</floats-group>
</pmc>
<affiliations>
<list>
<country>
<li>Canada</li>
<li>Royaume-Uni</li>
</country>
</list>
<tree>
<country name="Canada">
<noRegion>
<name sortKey="Mesci, Aruz" sort="Mesci, Aruz" uniqKey="Mesci A" first="Aruz" last="Mesci">Aruz Mesci</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Bruce, Jeff" sort="Bruce, Jeff" uniqKey="Bruce J" first="Jeff" last="Bruce">Jeff Bruce</name>
<name sortKey="Huang, Xiaoyong" sort="Huang, Xiaoyong" uniqKey="Huang X" first="Xiaoyong" last="Huang">Xiaoyong Huang</name>
<name sortKey="Jahangiri, Sahar" sort="Jahangiri, Sahar" uniqKey="Jahangiri S" first="Sahar" last="Jahangiri">Sahar Jahangiri</name>
<name sortKey="Kim, Yohan" sort="Kim, Yohan" uniqKey="Kim Y" first="Yohan" last="Kim">Yohan Kim</name>
<name sortKey="Leong, Hon S" sort="Leong, Hon S" uniqKey="Leong H" first="Hon S" last="Leong">Hon S. Leong</name>
<name sortKey="Liu, Stanley K" sort="Liu, Stanley K" uniqKey="Liu S" first="Stanley K" last="Liu">Stanley K. Liu</name>
<name sortKey="Liu, Stanley K" sort="Liu, Stanley K" uniqKey="Liu S" first="Stanley K" last="Liu">Stanley K. Liu</name>
<name sortKey="Liu, Stanley K" sort="Liu, Stanley K" uniqKey="Liu S" first="Stanley K" last="Liu">Stanley K. Liu</name>
<name sortKey="Mesci, Aruz" sort="Mesci, Aruz" uniqKey="Mesci A" first="Aruz" last="Mesci">Aruz Mesci</name>
<name sortKey="Taeb, Samira" sort="Taeb, Samira" uniqKey="Taeb S" first="Samira" last="Taeb">Samira Taeb</name>
</country>
<country name="Royaume-Uni">
<noRegion>
<name sortKey="Fokas, Emmanouil" sort="Fokas, Emmanouil" uniqKey="Fokas E" first="Emmanouil" last="Fokas">Emmanouil Fokas</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>

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