Modelling the lymphatic system: challenges and opportunities
Identifieur interne : 004970 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 004969; suivant : 004971Modelling the lymphatic system: challenges and opportunities
Auteurs : K. N. Margaris ; R. A. BlackSource :
- Journal of the Royal Society Interface [ 1742-5689 ] ; 2012.
Abstract
The lymphatic system is a vital part of the circulatory and immune systems, and plays an important role in homeostasis by controlling extracellular fluid volume and in combating infection. Nevertheless, there is a notable disparity in terms of research effort expended in relation to the treatment of lymphatic diseases in contrast to the cardiovascular system. While similarities to the cardiovascular system exist, there are considerable differences in their anatomy and physiology. This review outlines some of the challenges and opportunities for those engaged in modelling biological systems. The study of the lymphatic system is still in its infancy, the vast majority of the models presented in the literature to date having been developed since 2003. The number of distinct models and their variants are few in number, and only one effort has been made thus far to study the entire lymphatic network; elements of the lymphatic system such as the nodes, which act as pumps and reservoirs, have not been addressed by mathematical models. Clearly, more work will be necessary in combination with experimental verification in order to progress and update the knowledge on the function of the lymphatic system. As our knowledge and understanding of its function increase, new and more effective treatments of lymphatic diseases are bound to emerge.
Url:
DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2011.0751
PubMed: 22237677
PubMed Central: 3284143
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>The lymphatic system is a vital part of the circulatory and immune systems, and plays an important role in homeostasis by controlling extracellular fluid volume and in combating infection. Nevertheless, there is a notable disparity in terms of research effort expended in relation to the treatment of lymphatic diseases in contrast to the cardiovascular system. While similarities to the cardiovascular system exist, there are considerable differences in their anatomy and physiology. This review outlines some of the challenges and opportunities for those engaged in modelling biological systems. The study of the lymphatic system is still in its infancy, the vast majority of the models presented in the literature to date having been developed since 2003. The number of distinct models and their variants are few in number, and only one effort has been made thus far to study the entire lymphatic network; elements of the lymphatic system such as the nodes, which act as pumps and reservoirs, have not been addressed by mathematical models. Clearly, more work will be necessary in combination with experimental verification in order to progress and update the knowledge on the function of the lymphatic system. As our knowledge and understanding of its function increase, new and more effective treatments of lymphatic diseases are bound to emerge.</p>
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<pmc article-type="review-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J R Soc Interface</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RSIF</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">royinterface</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Journal of the Royal Society Interface</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">1742-5689</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1742-5662</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>The Royal Society</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">22237677</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3284143</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1098/rsif.2011.0751</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">rsif20110751</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="hwp-journal-coll"><subject>1004</subject>
<subject>18</subject>
<subject>26</subject>
<subject>25</subject>
</subj-group>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Review Articles</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Modelling the lymphatic system: challenges and opportunities</article-title>
<alt-title alt-title-type="short">Review. Modelling the lymphatic system</alt-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Margaris</surname>
<given-names>K. N.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Black</surname>
<given-names>R. A.</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff><addr-line>Department of Bioengineering, University of Strathclyde, 106 Rottenrow, Glasgow G4 0NW, UK</addr-line>
</aff>
<author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><label>*</label>
Author for correspondence (<email>konstantinos.margaris@strath.ac.uk</email>
).</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>7</day>
<month>4</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day>
<month>1</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>11</day>
<month>1</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on the
. </pmc-comment>
<volume>9</volume>
<issue>69</issue>
<fpage>601</fpage>
<lpage>612</lpage>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>1</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>2011</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>12</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2011</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>This journal is © 2012 The Royal Society</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2012</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/"><license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="rsif20110751.pdf"></self-uri>
<abstract><p>The lymphatic system is a vital part of the circulatory and immune systems, and plays an important role in homeostasis by controlling extracellular fluid volume and in combating infection. Nevertheless, there is a notable disparity in terms of research effort expended in relation to the treatment of lymphatic diseases in contrast to the cardiovascular system. While similarities to the cardiovascular system exist, there are considerable differences in their anatomy and physiology. This review outlines some of the challenges and opportunities for those engaged in modelling biological systems. The study of the lymphatic system is still in its infancy, the vast majority of the models presented in the literature to date having been developed since 2003. The number of distinct models and their variants are few in number, and only one effort has been made thus far to study the entire lymphatic network; elements of the lymphatic system such as the nodes, which act as pumps and reservoirs, have not been addressed by mathematical models. Clearly, more work will be necessary in combination with experimental verification in order to progress and update the knowledge on the function of the lymphatic system. As our knowledge and understanding of its function increase, new and more effective treatments of lymphatic diseases are bound to emerge.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><kwd>lymphatic system</kwd>
<kwd>mathematical modelling</kwd>
<kwd>biomechanics</kwd>
<kwd>physiological flows</kwd>
<kwd>computational fluid dynamics</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
<affiliations><list></list>
<tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Black, R A" sort="Black, R A" uniqKey="Black R" first="R. A." last="Black">R. A. Black</name>
<name sortKey="Margaris, K N" sort="Margaris, K N" uniqKey="Margaris K" first="K. N." last="Margaris">K. N. Margaris</name>
</noCountry>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
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