Merkel cell carcinoma: Report of ten cases with emphasis on clinical course, treatment, and in vitro drug sensitivity
Identifieur interne : 005566 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 005565; suivant : 005567Merkel cell carcinoma: Report of ten cases with emphasis on clinical course, treatment, and in vitro drug sensitivity
Auteurs : Konstantin Krasagakis ; Brigitte Almond-Roesler ; Christos C. Zouboulis ; Beate Tebbe ; Elke Wartenberg ; Klaus-Dietrich Wolff ; Constantin E. OrfanosSource :
- Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology [ 0190-9622 ] ; 1997.
Abstract
Background:Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an uncommon primary neuroendocrine skin tumor most often seen in the elderly. The clinical course varies. Treatment is controversial and few data on drug sensitivity are available.Objective:We evaluated the clinical course and treatment of 10 MCC patients and determined MCC chemosensitivity.Methods:Clinical records as well as laboratory and histopathologic data from 10 patients with MCC treated in our department were examined. Chemosensitivity to various chemotherapeutic agents and interferons of MCC cells from four patients was determined in a soft agar clonogenic assay.Results:MCC behaved as an aggressive tumor with early and frequent local relapses (4 of 10 patients at a 2.2-month average), regional (4 of 10 patients at 2.5 months), and distant metastases (5 of 10 patients 9.6 months after excision of the primary tumor). In all but one patient, regional metastases preceded distant ones. Metastatic spread was associated with an average survival of 21 months from the initial diagnosis. Long-term survival (53+ and 65+ months) was observed in two women. Wide excision of the primary tumor, alone or combined with adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy, was the most effective treatment. In advanced disease, chemotherapy and radiotherapy were not able to induce long-term remission. In vitro assays for MCC drug sensitivity revealed cisplatin, doxorubicin, and vindesine to be the most active.Conclusion:MCC has a poor prognosis in advanced stages; therefore the primary tumor should be aggressively treated. The in vitro clonogenic assay may help to identify the chemosensitivity profile of MCC and to optimize chemotherapy protocols.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/S0190-9622(97)80325-8
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<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Merkel cell carcinoma: Report of ten cases with emphasis on clinical course, treatment, and in vitro drug sensitivity</title><author><name sortKey="Krasagakis, Konstantin" sort="Krasagakis, Konstantin" uniqKey="Krasagakis K" first="Konstantin" last="Krasagakis">Konstantin Krasagakis</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Reprint requests: Konstantin Krasagakis, MD, Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Hindenburgdauun 30, 12200 Berlin, Germany.</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Almond Roesler, Brigitte" sort="Almond Roesler, Brigitte" uniqKey="Almond Roesler B" first="Brigitte" last="Almond-Roesler">Brigitte Almond-Roesler</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zouboulis, Christos C" sort="Zouboulis, Christos C" uniqKey="Zouboulis C" first="Christos C." last="Zouboulis">Christos C. Zouboulis</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tebbe, Beate" sort="Tebbe, Beate" uniqKey="Tebbe B" first="Beate" last="Tebbe">Beate Tebbe</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wartenberg, Elke" sort="Wartenberg, Elke" uniqKey="Wartenberg E" first="Elke" last="Wartenberg">Elke Wartenberg</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wolff, Klaus Dietrich" sort="Wolff, Klaus Dietrich" uniqKey="Wolff K" first="Klaus-Dietrich" last="Wolff">Klaus-Dietrich Wolff</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Orfanos, Constantin E" sort="Orfanos, Constantin E" uniqKey="Orfanos C" first="Constantin E." last="Orfanos">Constantin E. 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Zouboulis</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tebbe, Beate" sort="Tebbe, Beate" uniqKey="Tebbe B" first="Beate" last="Tebbe">Beate Tebbe</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wartenberg, Elke" sort="Wartenberg, Elke" uniqKey="Wartenberg E" first="Elke" last="Wartenberg">Elke Wartenberg</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wolff, Klaus Dietrich" sort="Wolff, Klaus Dietrich" uniqKey="Wolff K" first="Klaus-Dietrich" last="Wolff">Klaus-Dietrich Wolff</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Orfanos, Constantin E" sort="Orfanos, Constantin E" uniqKey="Orfanos C" first="Constantin E." last="Orfanos">Constantin E. Orfanos</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">YMJD</title><idno type="ISSN">0190-9622</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1997">1997</date><biblScope unit="volume">36</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">5</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="727">727</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="732">732</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0190-9622</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0190-9622</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Background:Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an uncommon primary neuroendocrine skin tumor most often seen in the elderly. The clinical course varies. Treatment is controversial and few data on drug sensitivity are available.Objective:We evaluated the clinical course and treatment of 10 MCC patients and determined MCC chemosensitivity.Methods:Clinical records as well as laboratory and histopathologic data from 10 patients with MCC treated in our department were examined. Chemosensitivity to various chemotherapeutic agents and interferons of MCC cells from four patients was determined in a soft agar clonogenic assay.Results:MCC behaved as an aggressive tumor with early and frequent local relapses (4 of 10 patients at a 2.2-month average), regional (4 of 10 patients at 2.5 months), and distant metastases (5 of 10 patients 9.6 months after excision of the primary tumor). In all but one patient, regional metastases preceded distant ones. Metastatic spread was associated with an average survival of 21 months from the initial diagnosis. Long-term survival (53+ and 65+ months) was observed in two women. Wide excision of the primary tumor, alone or combined with adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy, was the most effective treatment. In advanced disease, chemotherapy and radiotherapy were not able to induce long-term remission. In vitro assays for MCC drug sensitivity revealed cisplatin, doxorubicin, and vindesine to be the most active.Conclusion:MCC has a poor prognosis in advanced stages; therefore the primary tumor should be aggressively treated. The in vitro clonogenic assay may help to identify the chemosensitivity profile of MCC and to optimize chemotherapy protocols.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><keywords><teeft><json:string>metastasis</json:string><json:string>chemotherapy</json:string><json:string>merkel</json:string><json:string>excision</json:string><json:string>clonogenic</json:string><json:string>node</json:string><json:string>carcinoma</json:string><json:string>clonogenic assay</json:string><json:string>radiotherapy</json:string><json:string>merkel cell carcinoma</json:string><json:string>primary tumor</json:string><json:string>adjuvant</json:string><json:string>cisplatin</json:string><json:string>vindesine</json:string><json:string>nodal</json:string><json:string>relapse</json:string><json:string>cyclophosphamide</json:string><json:string>assay</json:string><json:string>doxombicin</json:string><json:string>krasagakis</json:string><json:string>distant metastases</json:string><json:string>dermatology</json:string><json:string>drug sensitivity</json:string><json:string>initial diagnosis</json:string><json:string>clinical course</json:string><json:string>american academy</json:string><json:string>wide excision</json:string><json:string>adjuvant chemotherapy</json:string><json:string>tumor cells</json:string><json:string>satellite lesions</json:string><json:string>trabecular carcinoma</json:string><json:string>clonogenic assays</json:string><json:string>local relapse</json:string><json:string>fight axilla</json:string><json:string>colony formation</json:string><json:string>present study</json:string><json:string>lymph</json:string><json:string>local recurrence</json:string><json:string>free university</json:string><json:string>neuroendocrine carcinoma</json:string><json:string>aggressive skin neoplasm</json:string><json:string>poor prognosis</json:string><json:string>multiple tumors</json:string><json:string>various chemotherapeutic agents</json:string><json:string>dermatology volume</json:string><json:string>gastrointestinal tract</json:string><json:string>lymph node dissection</json:string><json:string>center benjamin franklin</json:string><json:string>radiation therapy</json:string><json:string>initial response</json:string><json:string>wide margin</json:string><json:string>local relapses</json:string><json:string>excisional specimen</json:string><json:string>untreated cultures</json:string><json:string>soft agar</json:string><json:string>regional metastasis</json:string><json:string>adjuvant radiation</json:string><json:string>regional nodal metastases</json:string><json:string>early stage</json:string><json:string>elective lymph node dissection</json:string><json:string>several authors</json:string><json:string>clonal growth</json:string><json:string>endocrine carcinoma</json:string><json:string>arch surg</json:string><json:string>metastatic merkel cell carcinoma</json:string></teeft></keywords><author><json:item><name>Konstantin Krasagakis MD</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</json:string><json:string>Reprint requests: Konstantin Krasagakis, MD, Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Hindenburgdauun 30, 12200 Berlin, Germany.</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Brigitte Almond-Roesler MD</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Christos C. Zouboulis MD</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Beate Tebbe MD</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Elke Wartenberg</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Klaus-Dietrich Wolff MD</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Constantin E. Orfanos MD</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Clinical and laboratory studies</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>97803258</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Full-length article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Background:Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an uncommon primary neuroendocrine skin tumor most often seen in the elderly. The clinical course varies. Treatment is controversial and few data on drug sensitivity are available.Objective:We evaluated the clinical course and treatment of 10 MCC patients and determined MCC chemosensitivity.Methods:Clinical records as well as laboratory and histopathologic data from 10 patients with MCC treated in our department were examined. Chemosensitivity to various chemotherapeutic agents and interferons of MCC cells from four patients was determined in a soft agar clonogenic assay.Results:MCC behaved as an aggressive tumor with early and frequent local relapses (4 of 10 patients at a 2.2-month average), regional (4 of 10 patients at 2.5 months), and distant metastases (5 of 10 patients 9.6 months after excision of the primary tumor). In all but one patient, regional metastases preceded distant ones. Metastatic spread was associated with an average survival of 21 months from the initial diagnosis. Long-term survival (53+ and 65+ months) was observed in two women. Wide excision of the primary tumor, alone or combined with adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy, was the most effective treatment. In advanced disease, chemotherapy and radiotherapy were not able to induce long-term remission. In vitro assays for MCC drug sensitivity revealed cisplatin, doxorubicin, and vindesine to be the most active.Conclusion:MCC has a poor prognosis in advanced stages; therefore the primary tumor should be aggressively treated. The in vitro clonogenic assay may help to identify the chemosensitivity profile of MCC and to optimize chemotherapy protocols.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>6.272</score><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>612 x 828 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>1</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>1692</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>3308</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>20118</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>6</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>247</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Merkel cell carcinoma: Report of ten cases with emphasis on clinical course, treatment, and in vitro drug sensitivity</title><pii><json:string>S0190-9622(97)80325-8</json:string></pii><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><host><title>Journal of the American Academy of 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sensitivity</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><availability><p>©1997 American Academy of Dermatology, Inc.</p></availability><date>1997</date></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Merkel cell carcinoma: Report of ten cases with emphasis on clinical course, treatment, and in vitro drug sensitivity</title><author xml:id="author-0000"><persName><forename type="first">Konstantin</forename><surname>Krasagakis</surname></persName><roleName type="degree">MD</roleName><affiliation>Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</affiliation><affiliation>Reprint requests: Konstantin Krasagakis, MD, Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Hindenburgdauun 30, 12200 Berlin, Germany.</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">Brigitte</forename><surname>Almond-Roesler</surname></persName><roleName type="degree">MD</roleName><affiliation>Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0002"><persName><forename type="first">Christos C.</forename><surname>Zouboulis</surname></persName><roleName type="degree">MD</roleName><affiliation>Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0003"><persName><forename type="first">Beate</forename><surname>Tebbe</surname></persName><roleName type="degree">MD</roleName><affiliation>Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0004"><persName><forename type="first">Elke</forename><surname>Wartenberg</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0005"><persName><forename type="first">Klaus-Dietrich</forename><surname>Wolff</surname></persName><roleName type="degree">MD</roleName><affiliation>Department of Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0006"><persName><forename type="first">Constantin E.</forename><surname>Orfanos</surname></persName><roleName type="degree">MD</roleName><affiliation>Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</affiliation></author><idno type="istex">B663128280E0EF66A9BEFF3FE4CD1B5311638E8D</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0190-9622(97)80325-8</idno><idno type="PII">S0190-9622(97)80325-8</idno><idno type="ArticleID">97803258</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">YMJD</title><idno type="pISSN">0190-9622</idno><idno type="PII">S0190-9622(97)X8060-0</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1997"></date><biblScope unit="volume">36</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">5</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="727">727</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="732">732</biblScope></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>1997</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background:Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an uncommon primary neuroendocrine skin tumor most often seen in the elderly. The clinical course varies. Treatment is controversial and few data on drug sensitivity are available.Objective:We evaluated the clinical course and treatment of 10 MCC patients and determined MCC chemosensitivity.Methods:Clinical records as well as laboratory and histopathologic data from 10 patients with MCC treated in our department were examined. Chemosensitivity to various chemotherapeutic agents and interferons of MCC cells from four patients was determined in a soft agar clonogenic assay.Results:MCC behaved as an aggressive tumor with early and frequent local relapses (4 of 10 patients at a 2.2-month average), regional (4 of 10 patients at 2.5 months), and distant metastases (5 of 10 patients 9.6 months after excision of the primary tumor). In all but one patient, regional metastases preceded distant ones. Metastatic spread was associated with an average survival of 21 months from the initial diagnosis. Long-term survival (53+ and 65+ months) was observed in two women. Wide excision of the primary tumor, alone or combined with adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy, was the most effective treatment. In advanced disease, chemotherapy and radiotherapy were not able to induce long-term remission. In vitro assays for MCC drug sensitivity revealed cisplatin, doxorubicin, and vindesine to be the most active.Conclusion:MCC has a poor prognosis in advanced stages; therefore the primary tumor should be aggressively treated. The in vitro clonogenic assay may help to identify the chemosensitivity profile of MCC and to optimize chemotherapy protocols.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>article-category</head><item><term>Clinical and laboratory studies</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1997">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/B663128280E0EF66A9BEFF3FE4CD1B5311638E8D/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier doc found" wicri:toSee="Elsevier, no converted or simple article"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 5.0.1//EN//XML" URI="art501.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType><istex:document><article version="5.0" xml:lang="en" docsubtype="fla"><item-info><jid>YMJD</jid><aid>97803258</aid><ce:pii>S0190-9622(97)80325-8</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/S0190-9622(97)80325-8</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="unknown" year="1997">American Academy of Dermatology, Inc.</ce:copyright><ce:doctopics><ce:doctopic><ce:text>Clinical and laboratory studies</ce:text></ce:doctopic></ce:doctopics></item-info><head><ce:title>Merkel cell carcinoma: Report of ten cases with emphasis on clinical course, treatment, and in vitro drug sensitivity</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:degrees>MD</ce:degrees><ce:given-name>Konstantin</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Krasagakis</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="aff1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="cor1"><ce:sup>*</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:degrees>MD</ce:degrees><ce:given-name>Brigitte</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Almond-Roesler</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="aff1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:degrees>MD</ce:degrees><ce:given-name>Christos C.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Zouboulis</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="aff1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:degrees>MD</ce:degrees><ce:given-name>Beate</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Tebbe</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="aff1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Elke</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Wartenberg</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="aff2"><ce:sup>b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:degrees>MD</ce:degrees><ce:given-name>Klaus-Dietrich</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Wolff</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="aff2"><ce:sup>b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:degrees>MD</ce:degrees><ce:given-name>Constantin E.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Orfanos</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="aff1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:affiliation id="aff1"><ce:label>a</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="aff2"><ce:label>b</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:correspondence id="cor1"><ce:label>*</ce:label><ce:text>Reprint requests: Konstantin Krasagakis, MD, Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Hindenburgdauun 30, 12200 Berlin, Germany.</ce:text></ce:correspondence></ce:author-group><ce:date-accepted day="21" month="10" year="1996"></ce:date-accepted><ce:abstract id="ab1" class="author" xml:lang="en"><ce:abstract-sec><ce:section-title>Background:</ce:section-title><ce:simple-para>Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an uncommon primary neuroendocrine skin tumor most often seen in the elderly. The clinical course varies. Treatment is controversial and few data on drug sensitivity are available.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec><ce:abstract-sec><ce:section-title>Objective:</ce:section-title><ce:simple-para>We evaluated the clinical course and treatment of 10 MCC patients and determined MCC chemosensitivity.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec><ce:abstract-sec><ce:section-title>Methods:</ce:section-title><ce:simple-para>Clinical records as well as laboratory and histopathologic data from 10 patients with MCC treated in our department were examined. Chemosensitivity to various chemotherapeutic agents and interferons of MCC cells from four patients was determined in a soft agar clonogenic assay.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec><ce:abstract-sec><ce:section-title>Results:</ce:section-title><ce:simple-para>MCC behaved as an aggressive tumor with early and frequent local relapses (4 of 10 patients at a 2.2-month average), regional (4 of 10 patients at 2.5 months), and distant metastases (5 of 10 patients 9.6 months after excision of the primary tumor). In all but one patient, regional metastases preceded distant ones. Metastatic spread was associated with an average survival of 21 months from the initial diagnosis. Long-term survival (53+ and 65+ months) was observed in two women. Wide excision of the primary tumor, alone or combined with adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy, was the most effective treatment. In advanced disease, chemotherapy and radiotherapy were not able to induce long-term remission. In vitro assays for MCC drug sensitivity revealed cisplatin, doxorubicin, and vindesine to be the most active.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec><ce:abstract-sec><ce:section-title>Conclusion:</ce:section-title><ce:simple-para>MCC has a poor prognosis in advanced stages; therefore the primary tumor should be aggressively treated. 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sensitivity</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" lang="en" contentType="CDATA"><title>Merkel cell carcinoma: Report of ten cases with emphasis on clinical course, treatment, and in vitro drug sensitivity</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Konstantin</namePart><namePart type="family">Krasagakis</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD</namePart><affiliation>Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</affiliation><affiliation>Reprint requests: Konstantin Krasagakis, MD, Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Hindenburgdauun 30, 12200 Berlin, Germany.</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Brigitte</namePart><namePart type="family">Almond-Roesler</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD</namePart><affiliation>Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Christos C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Zouboulis</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD</namePart><affiliation>Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Beate</namePart><namePart type="family">Tebbe</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD</namePart><affiliation>Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Elke</namePart><namePart type="family">Wartenberg</namePart><affiliation>Department of Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Klaus-Dietrich</namePart><namePart type="family">Wolff</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD</namePart><affiliation>Department of Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Constantin E.</namePart><namePart type="family">Orfanos</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD</namePart><affiliation>Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1997</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1997</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Background:Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an uncommon primary neuroendocrine skin tumor most often seen in the elderly. The clinical course varies. Treatment is controversial and few data on drug sensitivity are available.Objective:We evaluated the clinical course and treatment of 10 MCC patients and determined MCC chemosensitivity.Methods:Clinical records as well as laboratory and histopathologic data from 10 patients with MCC treated in our department were examined. Chemosensitivity to various chemotherapeutic agents and interferons of MCC cells from four patients was determined in a soft agar clonogenic assay.Results:MCC behaved as an aggressive tumor with early and frequent local relapses (4 of 10 patients at a 2.2-month average), regional (4 of 10 patients at 2.5 months), and distant metastases (5 of 10 patients 9.6 months after excision of the primary tumor). In all but one patient, regional metastases preceded distant ones. Metastatic spread was associated with an average survival of 21 months from the initial diagnosis. Long-term survival (53+ and 65+ months) was observed in two women. Wide excision of the primary tumor, alone or combined with adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy, was the most effective treatment. In advanced disease, chemotherapy and radiotherapy were not able to induce long-term remission. In vitro assays for MCC drug sensitivity revealed cisplatin, doxorubicin, and vindesine to be the most active.Conclusion:MCC has a poor prognosis in advanced stages; therefore the primary tumor should be aggressively treated. The in vitro clonogenic assay may help to identify the chemosensitivity profile of MCC and to optimize chemotherapy protocols.</abstract><subject><genre>article-category</genre><topic>Clinical and laboratory studies</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>YMJD</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><originInfo><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">199705</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0190-9622</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0190-9622(97)X8060-0</identifier><part><date>199705</date><detail type="volume"><number>36</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>5</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue pages"><start>659</start><end>764</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>727</start><end>732</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">B663128280E0EF66A9BEFF3FE4CD1B5311638E8D</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/S0190-9622(97)80325-8</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0190-9622(97)80325-8</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">97803258</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">©1997 American Academy of Dermatology, Inc.</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>ELSEVIER</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>American Academy of Dermatology, Inc., ©1997</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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