Nitric Oxide Synthase in Filariae: Demonstration of Nitric Oxide Production by Embryos in Brugia malayi and Acanthocheilonema viteae
Identifieur interne : 004764 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 004763; suivant : 004765Nitric Oxide Synthase in Filariae: Demonstration of Nitric Oxide Production by Embryos in Brugia malayi and Acanthocheilonema viteae
Auteurs : Kenneth M. Pfarr ; Sanjive Qazi ; Juliet A. FuhrmanSource :
- Experimental Parasitology [ 0014-4894 ] ; 2001.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- D-NAME, NG-nitro-d-arginine methyl ester, DAF-2, 4,5-diaminofluorescein, L-NAME, NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester, NADPH, β-nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate, NO, nitric oxide, NOS, nitric oxide synthase [EC 1.14.13.39], PBS, phosphate-buffered saline, PBST, phosphate-buffered saline with Tween 20, PMSF, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, SDS, sodium dodecyl sulfate, TLCK, l-1-chloro-3-[4-tosylamido]-7-amino-2-heptanone-HCl, TPCK, l-1-chloro-3-[4-tosylamido]-4-phenyl-2-butanone, lymphatic filariasis, nematode, uNOS, anti-universal NOS antibody..
Abstract
Pfarr, K. M., Qazi, S., and Fuhrman, J. A. 2001. Nitric oxide synthase in filariae: Demonstration of nitric oxide production by embryos in Brugia malayi and Acanthocheilonema viteae. Experimental Parasitology97, 205–214. The radical gas nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) from l-arginine and molecular oxygen. Nitric oxide is an important signaling molecule in invertebrate and vertebrate systems. Previously we have shown that NOS is localized to more tissues in Brugia malayi than has been reported in Ascaris suum. In this paper, we analyze the distribution of NOS in Acanthocheilonema viteae, a filarial nematode that differs from B. malayi in that A. viteae females release microfilariae without a sheath. A. viteae is also one of a few filarial parasites without the Wolbachia intracellular endosymbiont. By use of a specific antibody, NOS was demonstrated in extracts of A. viteae and Dirofilaria immitis. The localization pattern of NOS in A. viteae was similar to that seen in B. malayi, with the enzyme localized to the body wall muscles of both sexes, developing spermatozoa, intrauterine sperm, and early embryos. By use of DAF-2, a fluorescent indicator specific for nitric oxide, the embryos of B. malayi and A. viteae were demonstrated to produce NO ex utero. The near identical staining patterns seen in A. viteae and B. malayi argue that NO is not produced by Wolbachia, nor is it produced by the nematodes in response to the infection. Localization of NOS to the sperm of filarial nematodes suggests a role for NO during fertilization as has been described for sea urchin and ascidian fertilization. Demonstration of the activity of embryonic NOS supports our earlier hypothesis that NO is a signaling molecule during embryogenesis in filarial nematodes.
Url:
DOI: 10.1006/expr.2001.4613
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ISTEX:97836D9E475D77BA6AB26A14F2603B0E49098AF5Le document en format XML
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M., Qazi, S., and Fuhrman, J. A. 2001. Nitric oxide synthase in filariae: Demonstration of nitric oxide production by embryos in Brugia malayi and Acanthocheilonema viteae. Experimental Parasitology97, 205–214. The radical gas nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) from l-arginine and molecular oxygen. Nitric oxide is an important signaling molecule in invertebrate and vertebrate systems. Previously we have shown that NOS is localized to more tissues in Brugia malayi than has been reported in Ascaris suum. In this paper, we analyze the distribution of NOS in Acanthocheilonema viteae, a filarial nematode that differs from B. malayi in that A. viteae females release microfilariae without a sheath. A. viteae is also one of a few filarial parasites without the Wolbachia intracellular endosymbiont. By use of a specific antibody, NOS was demonstrated in extracts of A. viteae and Dirofilaria immitis. The localization pattern of NOS in A. viteae was similar to that seen in B. malayi, with the enzyme localized to the body wall muscles of both sexes, developing spermatozoa, intrauterine sperm, and early embryos. By use of DAF-2, a fluorescent indicator specific for nitric oxide, the embryos of B. malayi and A. viteae were demonstrated to produce NO ex utero. The near identical staining patterns seen in A. viteae and B. malayi argue that NO is not produced by Wolbachia, nor is it produced by the nematodes in response to the infection. Localization of NOS to the sperm of filarial nematodes suggests a role for NO during fertilization as has been described for sea urchin and ascidian fertilization. Demonstration of the activity of embryonic NOS supports our earlier hypothesis that NO is a signaling molecule during embryogenesis in filarial nematodes.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><keywords><teeft><json:string>nitric</json:string><json:string>malayi</json:string><json:string>unos</json:string><json:string>filarial</json:string><json:string>viteae</json:string><json:string>nitric oxide</json:string><json:string>nematode</json:string><json:string>unos antibody</json:string><json:string>embryo</json:string><json:string>microfilariae</json:string><json:string>synthase</json:string><json:string>brugia</json:string><json:string>sperm</json:string><json:string>immitis</json:string><json:string>pfarr</json:string><json:string>fuhrman</json:string><json:string>nitric oxide synthase</json:string><json:string>preadsorbed</json:string><json:string>nadph</json:string><json:string>wolbachia</json:string><json:string>parasitology</json:string><json:string>unos peptide</json:string><json:string>fertilization</json:string><json:string>brugia malayi</json:string><json:string>intracellular</json:string><json:string>filariae</json:string><json:string>invertebrate</json:string><json:string>oxide</json:string><json:string>sulfate</json:string><json:string>suum</json:string><json:string>oocyte</json:string><json:string>room temperature</json:string><json:string>early embryos</json:string><json:string>peptide</json:string><json:string>filarial nematodes</json:string><json:string>body wall muscles</json:string><json:string>parasite</json:string><json:string>ascaris suum</json:string><json:string>viteae embryos</json:string><json:string>tropical medicine</json:string><json:string>experimental parasitology</json:string><json:string>ammonium sulfate precipitation</json:string><json:string>dirofilaria immitis</json:string><json:string>american journal</json:string><json:string>high levels</json:string><json:string>filarial species</json:string><json:string>intrauterine microfilariae</json:string><json:string>nonfat milk</json:string><json:string>acanthocheilonema viteae</json:string><json:string>brugia pahangi</json:string></teeft></keywords><author><json:item><name>Kenneth M. Pfarr</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, 02155, U.S.A.</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Sanjive Qazi</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, 02155, U.S.A.</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Juliet A. Fuhrman</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, 02155, U.S.A.</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>nematode</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>lymphatic filariasis</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>TLCK, l-1-chloro-3-[4-tosylamido]-7-amino-2-heptanone-HCl</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>TPCK, l-1-chloro-3-[4-tosylamido]-4-phenyl-2-butanone</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>uNOS, anti-universal NOS antibody.</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>D-NAME, NG-nitro-d-arginine methyl ester</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>DAF-2, 4,5-diaminofluorescein</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>L-NAME, NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>NADPH, β-nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>NO, nitric oxide</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>NOS, nitric oxide synthase [EC 1.14.13.39]</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>PBS, phosphate-buffered saline</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>PBST, phosphate-buffered saline with Tween 20</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>PMSF, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>SDS, sodium dodecyl sulfate</value></json:item></subject><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Full-length article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Pfarr, K. M., Qazi, S., and Fuhrman, J. A. 2001. Nitric oxide synthase in filariae: Demonstration of nitric oxide production by embryos in Brugia malayi and Acanthocheilonema viteae. Experimental Parasitology97, 205–214. The radical gas nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) from l-arginine and molecular oxygen. Nitric oxide is an important signaling molecule in invertebrate and vertebrate systems. Previously we have shown that NOS is localized to more tissues in Brugia malayi than has been reported in Ascaris suum. In this paper, we analyze the distribution of NOS in Acanthocheilonema viteae, a filarial nematode that differs from B. malayi in that A. viteae females release microfilariae without a sheath. A. viteae is also one of a few filarial parasites without the Wolbachia intracellular endosymbiont. By use of a specific antibody, NOS was demonstrated in extracts of A. viteae and Dirofilaria immitis. The localization pattern of NOS in A. viteae was similar to that seen in B. malayi, with the enzyme localized to the body wall muscles of both sexes, developing spermatozoa, intrauterine sperm, and early embryos. By use of DAF-2, a fluorescent indicator specific for nitric oxide, the embryos of B. malayi and A. viteae were demonstrated to produce NO ex utero. The near identical staining patterns seen in A. viteae and B. malayi argue that NO is not produced by Wolbachia, nor is it produced by the nematodes in response to the infection. Localization of NOS to the sperm of filarial nematodes suggests a role for NO during fertilization as has been described for sea urchin and ascidian fertilization. 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M., Qazi, S., and Fuhrman, J. A. 2001. Nitric oxide synthase in filariae: Demonstration of nitric oxide production by embryos in Brugia malayi and Acanthocheilonema viteae. Experimental Parasitology97, 205–214. The radical gas nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) from l-arginine and molecular oxygen. Nitric oxide is an important signaling molecule in invertebrate and vertebrate systems. Previously we have shown that NOS is localized to more tissues in Brugia malayi than has been reported in Ascaris suum. In this paper, we analyze the distribution of NOS in Acanthocheilonema viteae, a filarial nematode that differs from B. malayi in that A. viteae females release microfilariae without a sheath. A. viteae is also one of a few filarial parasites without the Wolbachia intracellular endosymbiont. By use of a specific antibody, NOS was demonstrated in extracts of A. viteae and Dirofilaria immitis. The localization pattern of NOS in A. viteae was similar to that seen in B. malayi, with the enzyme localized to the body wall muscles of both sexes, developing spermatozoa, intrauterine sperm, and early embryos. By use of DAF-2, a fluorescent indicator specific for nitric oxide, the embryos of B. malayi and A. viteae were demonstrated to produce NO ex utero. The near identical staining patterns seen in A. viteae and B. malayi argue that NO is not produced by Wolbachia, nor is it produced by the nematodes in response to the infection. Localization of NOS to the sperm of filarial nematodes suggests a role for NO during fertilization as has been described for sea urchin and ascidian fertilization. Demonstration of the activity of embryonic NOS supports our earlier hypothesis that NO is a signaling molecule during embryogenesis in filarial nematodes.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>nematode</term></item><item><term>lymphatic filariasis</term></item></list></keywords></textClass><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>TLCK, l-1-chloro-3-[4-tosylamido]-7-amino-2-heptanone-HCl</term></item><item><term>TPCK, l-1-chloro-3-[4-tosylamido]-4-phenyl-2-butanone</term></item><item><term>uNOS, anti-universal NOS antibody.</term></item></list></keywords></textClass><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Abbreviations</head><item><term>D-NAME, NG-nitro-d-arginine methyl ester</term></item><item><term>DAF-2, 4,5-diaminofluorescein</term></item><item><term>L-NAME, NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester</term></item><item><term>NADPH, β-nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate</term></item><item><term>NO, nitric oxide</term></item><item><term>NOS, nitric oxide synthase [EC 1.14.13.39]</term></item><item><term>PBS, phosphate-buffered saline</term></item><item><term>PBST, phosphate-buffered saline with Tween 20</term></item><item><term>PMSF, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride</term></item><item><term>SDS, sodium dodecyl sulfate</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2001">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/97836D9E475D77BA6AB26A14F2603B0E49098AF5/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="fla" xml:lang="en"><item-info><jid>YEXPR</jid><aid>94613</aid><ce:pii>S0014-4894(01)94613-2</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1006/expr.2001.4613</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="full-transfer" year="2001">Academic Press</ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:dochead><ce:textfn>Regular Article</ce:textfn></ce:dochead><ce:title>Nitric Oxide Synthase in Filariae: Demonstration of Nitric Oxide Production by Embryos in <ce:italic>Brugia malayi</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>Acanthocheilonema viteae</ce:italic></ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>Kenneth M.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Pfarr</ce:surname></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Sanjive</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Qazi</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="FN1"><ce:sup>1</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Juliet A.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Fuhrman</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="FN2"><ce:sup>2</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:affiliation><ce:textfn>Department of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, 02155, U.S.A.</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:footnote id="FN1"><ce:label>1</ce:label><ce:note-para>Current address: Parker Hughes Cancer Institute, 2665 Long Lake Road, St. Paul, MN 55113.</ce:note-para></ce:footnote><ce:footnote id="FN2"><ce:label>2</ce:label><ce:note-para>To whom correspondence should be addressed. Fax: (617) 627-3805. E-mail: jfuhrman@opal.tufts.edu.</ce:note-para></ce:footnote></ce:author-group><ce:date-received day="15" month="11" year="2000"></ce:date-received><ce:date-accepted day="26" month="2" year="2001"></ce:date-accepted><ce:abstract><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para>Pfarr, K. M., Qazi, S., and Fuhrman, J. A. 2001. Nitric oxide synthase in filariae: Demonstration of nitric oxide production by embryos in <ce:italic>Brugia malayi</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>Acanthocheilonema viteae. Experimental Parasitology</ce:italic><ce:bold>97,</ce:bold> 205–214. The radical gas nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) from <math altimg="si1.gif"><sc>l</sc></math>-arginine and molecular oxygen. Nitric oxide is an important signaling molecule in invertebrate and vertebrate systems. Previously we have shown that NOS is localized to more tissues in <ce:italic>Brugia malayi</ce:italic> than has been reported in <ce:italic>Ascaris suum</ce:italic>. In this paper, we analyze the distribution of NOS in <ce:italic>Acanthocheilonema viteae</ce:italic>, a filarial nematode that differs from <ce:italic>B. malayi</ce:italic> in that <ce:italic>A. viteae</ce:italic> females release microfilariae without a sheath. <ce:italic>A. viteae</ce:italic> is also one of a few filarial parasites without the <ce:italic>Wolbachia</ce:italic> intracellular endosymbiont. By use of a specific antibody, NOS was demonstrated in extracts of <ce:italic>A. viteae</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>Dirofilaria immitis</ce:italic>. The localization pattern of NOS in <ce:italic>A. viteae</ce:italic> was similar to that seen in <ce:italic>B. malayi</ce:italic>, with the enzyme localized to the body wall muscles of both sexes, developing spermatozoa, intrauterine sperm, and early embryos. By use of DAF-2, a fluorescent indicator specific for nitric oxide, the embryos of <ce:italic>B. malayi</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>A. viteae</ce:italic> were demonstrated to produce NO <ce:italic>ex utero</ce:italic>. The near identical staining patterns seen in <ce:italic>A. viteae</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>B. malayi</ce:italic> argue that NO is not produced by <ce:italic>Wolbachia</ce:italic>, nor is it produced by the nematodes in response to the infection. Localization of NOS to the sperm of filarial nematodes suggests a role for NO during fertilization as has been described for sea urchin and ascidian fertilization. Demonstration of the activity of embryonic NOS supports our earlier hypothesis that NO is a signaling molecule during embryogenesis in filarial nematodes.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract><ce:keywords><ce:section-title>Keywords</ce:section-title><ce:keyword><ce:text>nematode</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>lymphatic filariasis</ce:text></ce:keyword></ce:keywords><ce:keywords><ce:section-title>Keywords</ce:section-title><ce:keyword><ce:text>TLCK, <math altimg="si2.gif"><sc>l</sc></math>-1-chloro-3-[4-tosylamido]-7-amino-2-heptanone-HCl</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>TPCK, <math altimg="si3.gif"><sc>l</sc></math>-1-chloro-3-[4-tosylamido]-4-phenyl-2-butanone</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>uNOS, anti-universal NOS antibody.</ce:text></ce:keyword></ce:keywords><ce:keywords class="abr"><ce:section-title>Abbreviations</ce:section-title><ce:keyword><ce:text>D-NAME, N<ce:sup>G</ce:sup>-nitro-<math altimg="si4.gif"><sc>d</sc></math>-arginine methyl ester</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>DAF-2, 4,5-diaminofluorescein</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>L-NAME, N<ce:sup>G</ce:sup>-nitro-<math altimg="si5.gif"><sc>l</sc></math>-arginine methyl ester</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>NADPH, β-nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>NO, nitric oxide</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>NOS, nitric oxide synthase [EC 1.14.13.39]</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>PBS, phosphate-buffered saline</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>PBST, phosphate-buffered saline with Tween 20</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>PMSF, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>SDS, sodium dodecyl sulfate</ce:text></ce:keyword></ce:keywords></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Nitric Oxide Synthase in Filariae: Demonstration of Nitric Oxide Production by Embryos in Brugia malayi and Acanthocheilonema viteae</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" lang="en" contentType="CDATA"><title>Nitric Oxide Synthase in Filariae: Demonstration of Nitric Oxide Production by Embryos in</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Kenneth M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Pfarr</namePart><affiliation>Department of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, 02155, U.S.A.</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Sanjive</namePart><namePart type="family">Qazi</namePart><affiliation>Department of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, 02155, U.S.A.</affiliation><description>Current address: Parker Hughes Cancer Institute, 2665 Long Lake Road, St. Paul, MN 55113.</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Juliet A.</namePart><namePart type="family">Fuhrman</namePart><affiliation>Department of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, 02155, U.S.A.</affiliation><description>To whom correspondence should be addressed. Fax: (617) 627-3805. E-mail: jfuhrman@opal.tufts.edu.</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2001</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2001</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Pfarr, K. M., Qazi, S., and Fuhrman, J. A. 2001. Nitric oxide synthase in filariae: Demonstration of nitric oxide production by embryos in Brugia malayi and Acanthocheilonema viteae. Experimental Parasitology97, 205–214. The radical gas nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) from l-arginine and molecular oxygen. Nitric oxide is an important signaling molecule in invertebrate and vertebrate systems. Previously we have shown that NOS is localized to more tissues in Brugia malayi than has been reported in Ascaris suum. In this paper, we analyze the distribution of NOS in Acanthocheilonema viteae, a filarial nematode that differs from B. malayi in that A. viteae females release microfilariae without a sheath. A. viteae is also one of a few filarial parasites without the Wolbachia intracellular endosymbiont. By use of a specific antibody, NOS was demonstrated in extracts of A. viteae and Dirofilaria immitis. The localization pattern of NOS in A. viteae was similar to that seen in B. malayi, with the enzyme localized to the body wall muscles of both sexes, developing spermatozoa, intrauterine sperm, and early embryos. By use of DAF-2, a fluorescent indicator specific for nitric oxide, the embryos of B. malayi and A. viteae were demonstrated to produce NO ex utero. The near identical staining patterns seen in A. viteae and B. malayi argue that NO is not produced by Wolbachia, nor is it produced by the nematodes in response to the infection. Localization of NOS to the sperm of filarial nematodes suggests a role for NO during fertilization as has been described for sea urchin and ascidian fertilization. Demonstration of the activity of embryonic NOS supports our earlier hypothesis that NO is a signaling molecule during embryogenesis in filarial nematodes.</abstract><note type="content">Section title: Regular Article</note><subject lang="en"><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>nematode</topic><topic>lymphatic filariasis</topic></subject><subject lang="en"><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>TLCK, l-1-chloro-3-[4-tosylamido]-7-amino-2-heptanone-HCl</topic><topic>TPCK, l-1-chloro-3-[4-tosylamido]-4-phenyl-2-butanone</topic><topic>uNOS, anti-universal NOS antibody.</topic></subject><subject lang="en"><genre>Abbreviations</genre><topic>D-NAME, NG-nitro-d-arginine methyl ester</topic><topic>DAF-2, 4,5-diaminofluorescein</topic><topic>L-NAME, NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester</topic><topic>NADPH, β-nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate</topic><topic>NO, nitric oxide</topic><topic>NOS, nitric oxide synthase [EC 1.14.13.39]</topic><topic>PBS, phosphate-buffered saline</topic><topic>PBST, phosphate-buffered saline with Tween 20</topic><topic>PMSF, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride</topic><topic>SDS, sodium dodecyl sulfate</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Experimental Parasitology</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>YEXPR</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><originInfo><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">200104</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0014-4894</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0014-4894(00)X0007-0</identifier><part><date>200104</date><detail type="volume"><number>97</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>4</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue pages"><start>179</start><end>235</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>205</start><end>214</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">97836D9E475D77BA6AB26A14F2603B0E49098AF5</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1006/expr.2001.4613</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0014-4894(01)94613-2</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">©2001 Academic Press</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>ELSEVIER</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Academic Press, ©2001</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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