Brugia pahangi: Effects of duration of infection and parasite burden on lymphatic lesion severity, granulomatous hypersensitivity, and immune responses in jirds ( Meriones unguiculatus )
Identifieur interne : 002435 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 002434; suivant : 002436Brugia pahangi: Effects of duration of infection and parasite burden on lymphatic lesion severity, granulomatous hypersensitivity, and immune responses in jirds ( Meriones unguiculatus )
Auteurs : Thomas R. Klei ; Cathy S. Mcvay ; Vida A. Dennis ; Sharon U. Coleman ; F. M Enright ; Harold W. CaseySource :
- Experimental Parasitology [ 0014-4894 ] ; 1990.
Abstract
The effects of Brugia pahangi infection duration and parasite burden on parasite-associated inflammatory and immune responses were determined over a 181-day period in jirds receiving from one to eight inoculations of infective larvae. Multiple infections did not produce a protective resistance to reinfection as determined by adult worm recovery at necropsy. Intralymphatic granulomatous lesions, lymph thrombi, were first seen at 48 days post initial inoculation (DPI). The numbers of lymph thrombi reached peak levels in singly inoculated jirds at 90 DPI and significantly decreased to low levels by 160 DPI. The ratio of lymph thrombi to adult worms recovered from the spermatic cord lymphatics followed a similar pattern. Sizes of renal lymph nodes, which drain lymphatics containing parasites, followed a temporal pattern of increase and decrease similar to that of lymph thrombi numbers. Peak granuloma areas around antigen-coated beads embolized in lungs were seen at 27 DPI. Granuloma areas around antigen-coated beads began to decrease after 69 DPI and reached sizes not significantly different from uninfected controls by 118 DPI. Multiple inoculations of infective larvae and increasing worm burdens did not affect the pattern of granulomatous response to antigen-coated beads. Eosinophilia of singly and multiply infected jirds peaked at 26 DPI. Eosinophilia of singly infected jirds returned to normal levels by 103 DPI but those of multiply infected jirds remained elevated until 160 DPI. Lymph node cell blastogenic responses to antigen were greater than those of splenocytes at all time intervals measured. However, significant differences in stimulation indexes between groups with different infection durations were not seen with either cell type. Antibody responses to somatic adult worm antigen as measured by ELISA reached near peak levels by 48 DPI and remained elevated for the course of the study in all infected jirds. The decrease in lymphatic lesion severity seen in chronically infected jirds temporally corresponds to the decrease in granulomatous reactivity measured around antigen-coated beads embolized in the lungs. This observation suggests that host and/or parasite factors associated with these two phenomena may be similar. Although these decreases may be the result of down-regulated immune responses, corresponding decreases in antibody levels and blastogenesis of lymphocytes stimulated by crude worm extracts were not observed in chronic infections.
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DOI: 10.1016/0014-4894(90)90065-K
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Klei</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 U.S.A.</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Veterinary Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 U.S.A.</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcvay, Cathy S" sort="Mcvay, Cathy S" uniqKey="Mcvay C" first="Cathy S" last="Mcvay">Cathy S. Mcvay</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 U.S.A.</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dennis, Vida A" sort="Dennis, Vida A" uniqKey="Dennis V" first="Vida A" last="Dennis">Vida A. Dennis</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 U.S.A.</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Coleman, Sharon U" sort="Coleman, Sharon U" uniqKey="Coleman S" first="Sharon U" last="Coleman">Sharon U. Coleman</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 U.S.A.</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Enright, F M" sort="Enright, F M" uniqKey="Enright F" first="F. M" last="Enright">F. M Enright</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Veterinary Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 U.S.A.</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Casey, Harold W" sort="Casey, Harold W" uniqKey="Casey H" first="Harold W" last="Casey">Harold W. Casey</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Route, Louisiana 70803 U.S.A.</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Experimental Parasitology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">YEXPR</title><idno type="ISSN">0014-4894</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1990">1990</date><biblScope unit="volume">71</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">4</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="393">393</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="405">405</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0014-4894</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0014-4894</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The effects of Brugia pahangi infection duration and parasite burden on parasite-associated inflammatory and immune responses were determined over a 181-day period in jirds receiving from one to eight inoculations of infective larvae. Multiple infections did not produce a protective resistance to reinfection as determined by adult worm recovery at necropsy. Intralymphatic granulomatous lesions, lymph thrombi, were first seen at 48 days post initial inoculation (DPI). The numbers of lymph thrombi reached peak levels in singly inoculated jirds at 90 DPI and significantly decreased to low levels by 160 DPI. The ratio of lymph thrombi to adult worms recovered from the spermatic cord lymphatics followed a similar pattern. Sizes of renal lymph nodes, which drain lymphatics containing parasites, followed a temporal pattern of increase and decrease similar to that of lymph thrombi numbers. Peak granuloma areas around antigen-coated beads embolized in lungs were seen at 27 DPI. Granuloma areas around antigen-coated beads began to decrease after 69 DPI and reached sizes not significantly different from uninfected controls by 118 DPI. Multiple inoculations of infective larvae and increasing worm burdens did not affect the pattern of granulomatous response to antigen-coated beads. Eosinophilia of singly and multiply infected jirds peaked at 26 DPI. Eosinophilia of singly infected jirds returned to normal levels by 103 DPI but those of multiply infected jirds remained elevated until 160 DPI. Lymph node cell blastogenic responses to antigen were greater than those of splenocytes at all time intervals measured. However, significant differences in stimulation indexes between groups with different infection durations were not seen with either cell type. Antibody responses to somatic adult worm antigen as measured by ELISA reached near peak levels by 48 DPI and remained elevated for the course of the study in all infected jirds. The decrease in lymphatic lesion severity seen in chronically infected jirds temporally corresponds to the decrease in granulomatous reactivity measured around antigen-coated beads embolized in the lungs. This observation suggests that host and/or parasite factors associated with these two phenomena may be similar. Although these decreases may be the result of down-regulated immune responses, corresponding decreases in antibody levels and blastogenesis of lymphocytes stimulated by crude worm extracts were not observed in chronic infections.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><keywords><teeft><json:string>jird</json:string><json:string>lymphatic</json:string><json:string>node</json:string><json:string>pahangi</json:string><json:string>klei</json:string><json:string>thrombus</json:string><json:string>brugia</json:string><json:string>granuloma</json:string><json:string>granulomatous</json:string><json:string>cnbs</json:string><json:string>lammie</json:string><json:string>lymphatic lesions</json:string><json:string>lymph</json:string><json:string>lymph 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larvae</json:string><json:string>lymph node cells</json:string><json:string>granulomatous reactivity</json:string><json:string>previous reports</json:string><json:string>single infections</json:string><json:string>brugia jirds</json:string><json:string>granulomatous response</json:string></teeft></keywords><author><json:item><name>Thomas R Klei</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 U.S.A.</json:string><json:string>Department of Veterinary Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 U.S.A.</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Cathy S McVay</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 U.S.A.</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Vida A Dennis</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 U.S.A.</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Sharon U Coleman</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 U.S.A.</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>F.M Enright</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Veterinary Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 U.S.A.</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Harold W Casey</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Route, Louisiana 70803 U.S.A.</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Brugia pahangi</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Filariasis</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Nematode</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Filariae</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Lymphangitis</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Lymphadenitis</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Meriones unquiculatus</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Jird</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Gerbil</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Filarial pathology</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Granulomatous inflammation</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Filariasis-animal models</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Days post initial inoculation of infective larvae (DPI)</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA)</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Third stage infective larvae (L3)</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Diethanolamine (DEA)</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Sized cyanogen bromide activated Sepharose 4B beads (CNBS)</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Phytohemagglutinin-M (PHA-M)</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Pokeweed mitogen (PWM)</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>0.05% Tween 20 in 0.1 M phosphate-buffered saline (PBS-T)</value></json:item></subject><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Full-length article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>The effects of Brugia pahangi infection duration and parasite burden on parasite-associated inflammatory and immune responses were determined over a 181-day period in jirds receiving from one to eight inoculations of infective larvae. Multiple infections did not produce a protective resistance to reinfection as determined by adult worm recovery at necropsy. Intralymphatic granulomatous lesions, lymph thrombi, were first seen at 48 days post initial inoculation (DPI). The numbers of lymph thrombi reached peak levels in singly inoculated jirds at 90 DPI and significantly decreased to low levels by 160 DPI. The ratio of lymph thrombi to adult worms recovered from the spermatic cord lymphatics followed a similar pattern. Sizes of renal lymph nodes, which drain lymphatics containing parasites, followed a temporal pattern of increase and decrease similar to that of lymph thrombi numbers. Peak granuloma areas around antigen-coated beads embolized in lungs were seen at 27 DPI. Granuloma areas around antigen-coated beads began to decrease after 69 DPI and reached sizes not significantly different from uninfected controls by 118 DPI. Multiple inoculations of infective larvae and increasing worm burdens did not affect the pattern of granulomatous response to antigen-coated beads. Eosinophilia of singly and multiply infected jirds peaked at 26 DPI. Eosinophilia of singly infected jirds returned to normal levels by 103 DPI but those of multiply infected jirds remained elevated until 160 DPI. Lymph node cell blastogenic responses to antigen were greater than those of splenocytes at all time intervals measured. However, significant differences in stimulation indexes between groups with different infection durations were not seen with either cell type. Antibody responses to somatic adult worm antigen as measured by ELISA reached near peak levels by 48 DPI and remained elevated for the course of the study in all infected jirds. The decrease in lymphatic lesion severity seen in chronically infected jirds temporally corresponds to the decrease in granulomatous reactivity measured around antigen-coated beads embolized in the lungs. This observation suggests that host and/or parasite factors associated with these two phenomena may be similar. Although these decreases may be the result of down-regulated immune responses, corresponding decreases in antibody levels and blastogenesis of lymphocytes stimulated by crude worm extracts were not observed in chronic infections.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>8</score><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>504 x 720 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>20</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>2491</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>5983</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>39938</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>13</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>366</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Brugia pahangi: Effects of duration of infection and parasite burden on lymphatic lesion severity, granulomatous hypersensitivity, and immune responses in jirds ( Meriones unguiculatus )</title><pii><json:string>0014-4894(90)90065-K</json:string></pii><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><host><title>Experimental 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unguiculatus )</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><availability><p>ELSEVIER</p></availability><date>1990</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content">Section title: Regular article</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a">Brugia pahangi: Effects of duration of infection and parasite burden on lymphatic lesion severity, granulomatous hypersensitivity, and immune responses in jirds ( Meriones unguiculatus )</title><author xml:id="author-0000"><persName><forename type="first">Thomas R</forename><surname>Klei</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 U.S.A.</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Veterinary Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 U.S.A.</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">Cathy S</forename><surname>McVay</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 U.S.A.</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0002"><persName><forename type="first">Vida A</forename><surname>Dennis</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 U.S.A.</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0003"><persName><forename type="first">Sharon U</forename><surname>Coleman</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 U.S.A.</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0004"><persName><forename type="first">F.M</forename><surname>Enright</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Veterinary Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 U.S.A.</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0005"><persName><forename type="first">Harold W</forename><surname>Casey</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Route, Louisiana 70803 U.S.A.</affiliation></author><idno type="istex">4F46EACF5060F9E6BBDAAEAEAAD8CE11231EDD7E</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/0014-4894(90)90065-K</idno><idno type="PII">0014-4894(90)90065-K</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Experimental Parasitology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">YEXPR</title><idno type="pISSN">0014-4894</idno><idno type="PII">S0014-4894(00)X0145-2</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1990"></date><biblScope unit="volume">71</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">4</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="393">393</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="405">405</biblScope></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>1990</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The effects of Brugia pahangi infection duration and parasite burden on parasite-associated inflammatory and immune responses were determined over a 181-day period in jirds receiving from one to eight inoculations of infective larvae. Multiple infections did not produce a protective resistance to reinfection as determined by adult worm recovery at necropsy. Intralymphatic granulomatous lesions, lymph thrombi, were first seen at 48 days post initial inoculation (DPI). The numbers of lymph thrombi reached peak levels in singly inoculated jirds at 90 DPI and significantly decreased to low levels by 160 DPI. The ratio of lymph thrombi to adult worms recovered from the spermatic cord lymphatics followed a similar pattern. Sizes of renal lymph nodes, which drain lymphatics containing parasites, followed a temporal pattern of increase and decrease similar to that of lymph thrombi numbers. Peak granuloma areas around antigen-coated beads embolized in lungs were seen at 27 DPI. Granuloma areas around antigen-coated beads began to decrease after 69 DPI and reached sizes not significantly different from uninfected controls by 118 DPI. Multiple inoculations of infective larvae and increasing worm burdens did not affect the pattern of granulomatous response to antigen-coated beads. Eosinophilia of singly and multiply infected jirds peaked at 26 DPI. Eosinophilia of singly infected jirds returned to normal levels by 103 DPI but those of multiply infected jirds remained elevated until 160 DPI. Lymph node cell blastogenic responses to antigen were greater than those of splenocytes at all time intervals measured. However, significant differences in stimulation indexes between groups with different infection durations were not seen with either cell type. Antibody responses to somatic adult worm antigen as measured by ELISA reached near peak levels by 48 DPI and remained elevated for the course of the study in all infected jirds. The decrease in lymphatic lesion severity seen in chronically infected jirds temporally corresponds to the decrease in granulomatous reactivity measured around antigen-coated beads embolized in the lungs. This observation suggests that host and/or parasite factors associated with these two phenomena may be similar. Although these decreases may be the result of down-regulated immune responses, corresponding decreases in antibody levels and blastogenesis of lymphocytes stimulated by crude worm extracts were not observed in chronic infections.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>Brugia pahangi</term></item><item><term>Filariasis</term></item><item><term>Nematode</term></item><item><term>Filariae</term></item><item><term>Lymphangitis</term></item><item><term>Lymphadenitis</term></item><item><term>Meriones unquiculatus</term></item><item><term>Jird</term></item><item><term>Gerbil</term></item><item><term>Filarial pathology</term></item><item><term>Granulomatous inflammation</term></item><item><term>Filariasis-animal models</term></item></list></keywords></textClass><textClass><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Abbreviations</head><item><term>Days post initial inoculation of infective larvae (DPI)</term></item><item><term>Enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA)</term></item><item><term>Third stage infective larvae (L3)</term></item><item><term>Diethanolamine (DEA)</term></item><item><term>Sized cyanogen bromide activated Sepharose 4B beads (CNBS)</term></item><item><term>Phytohemagglutinin-M (PHA-M)</term></item><item><term>Pokeweed mitogen (PWM)</term></item><item><term>0.05% Tween 20 in 0.1 M phosphate-buffered saline (PBS-T)</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1990">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/4F46EACF5060F9E6BBDAAEAEAAD8CE11231EDD7E/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="fla"><item-info><jid>YEXPR</jid><aid>9090065K</aid><ce:pii>0014-4894(90)90065-K</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/0014-4894(90)90065-K</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="unknown" year="1990"></ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:dochead><ce:textfn>Regular article</ce:textfn></ce:dochead><ce:title><ce:italic>Brugia pahangi:</ce:italic> Effects of duration of infection and parasite burden on lymphatic lesion severity, granulomatous hypersensitivity, and immune responses in jirds (<ce:italic>Meriones unguiculatus</ce:italic>)</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>Thomas R</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Klei</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>∗</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup>†</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Cathy S</ce:given-name><ce:surname>McVay</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>∗</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Vida A</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Dennis</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>∗</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Sharon U</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Coleman</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>∗</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>F.M</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Enright</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup>†</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Harold W</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Casey</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF3"><ce:sup>‡</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:affiliation id="AFF1"><ce:label>a</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 U.S.A.</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF2"><ce:label>b</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Veterinary Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 U.S.A.</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF3"><ce:label>c</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Route, Louisiana 70803 U.S.A.</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation></ce:author-group><ce:date-received day="2" month="10" year="1989"></ce:date-received><ce:date-accepted day="15" month="5" year="1990"></ce:date-accepted><ce:abstract><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para>The effects of <ce:italic>Brugia pahangi</ce:italic> infection duration and parasite burden on parasite-associated inflammatory and immune responses were determined over a 181-day period in jirds receiving from one to eight inoculations of infective larvae. Multiple infections did not produce a protective resistance to reinfection as determined by adult worm recovery at necropsy. Intralymphatic granulomatous lesions, lymph thrombi, were first seen at 48 days post initial inoculation (DPI). The numbers of lymph thrombi reached peak levels in singly inoculated jirds at 90 DPI and significantly decreased to low levels by 160 DPI. The ratio of lymph thrombi to adult worms recovered from the spermatic cord lymphatics followed a similar pattern. Sizes of renal lymph nodes, which drain lymphatics containing parasites, followed a temporal pattern of increase and decrease similar to that of lymph thrombi numbers. Peak granuloma areas around antigen-coated beads embolized in lungs were seen at 27 DPI. Granuloma areas around antigen-coated beads began to decrease after 69 DPI and reached sizes not significantly different from uninfected controls by 118 DPI. Multiple inoculations of infective larvae and increasing worm burdens did not affect the pattern of granulomatous response to antigen-coated beads. Eosinophilia of singly and multiply infected jirds peaked at 26 DPI. Eosinophilia of singly infected jirds returned to normal levels by 103 DPI but those of multiply infected jirds remained elevated until 160 DPI. Lymph node cell blastogenic responses to antigen were greater than those of splenocytes at all time intervals measured. However, significant differences in stimulation indexes between groups with different infection durations were not seen with either cell type. Antibody responses to somatic adult worm antigen as measured by ELISA reached near peak levels by 48 DPI and remained elevated for the course of the study in all infected jirds. The decrease in lymphatic lesion severity seen in chronically infected jirds temporally corresponds to the decrease in granulomatous reactivity measured around antigen-coated beads embolized in the lungs. This observation suggests that host and/or parasite factors associated with these two phenomena may be similar. Although these decreases may be the result of down-regulated immune responses, corresponding decreases in antibody levels and blastogenesis of lymphocytes stimulated by crude worm extracts were not observed in chronic infections.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract><ce:keywords><ce:section-title>Keywords</ce:section-title><ce:keyword><ce:text><ce:italic>Brugia pahangi</ce:italic></ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Filariasis</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Nematode</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Filariae</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Lymphangitis</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Lymphadenitis</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text><ce:italic>Meriones unquiculatus</ce:italic></ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Jird</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Gerbil</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Filarial pathology</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Granulomatous inflammation</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Filariasis-animal models</ce:text></ce:keyword></ce:keywords><ce:keywords class="abr"><ce:section-title>Abbreviations</ce:section-title><ce:keyword><ce:text>Days post initial inoculation of infective larvae (DPI)</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA)</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Third stage infective larvae (L<ce:inf>3</ce:inf>)</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Diethanolamine (DEA)</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Sized cyanogen bromide activated Sepharose 4B beads (CNBS)</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Phytohemagglutinin-M (PHA-M)</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Pokeweed mitogen (PWM)</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>0.05% Tween 20 in 0.1 <ce:italic>M</ce:italic> phosphate-buffered saline (PBS-T)</ce:text></ce:keyword></ce:keywords></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo><title>Brugia pahangi: Effects of duration of infection and parasite burden on lymphatic lesion severity, granulomatous hypersensitivity, and immune responses in jirds ( Meriones unguiculatus )</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA"><title>Effects of duration of infection and parasite burden on lymphatic lesion severity, granulomatous hypersensitivity, and immune responses in jirds (</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Thomas R</namePart><namePart type="family">Klei</namePart><affiliation>Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 U.S.A.</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Veterinary Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 U.S.A.</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Cathy S</namePart><namePart type="family">McVay</namePart><affiliation>Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 U.S.A.</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Vida A</namePart><namePart type="family">Dennis</namePart><affiliation>Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 U.S.A.</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Sharon U</namePart><namePart type="family">Coleman</namePart><affiliation>Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 U.S.A.</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">F.M</namePart><namePart type="family">Enright</namePart><affiliation>Department of Veterinary Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 U.S.A.</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Harold W</namePart><namePart type="family">Casey</namePart><affiliation>Department of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Route, Louisiana 70803 U.S.A.</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1990</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1990</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">The effects of Brugia pahangi infection duration and parasite burden on parasite-associated inflammatory and immune responses were determined over a 181-day period in jirds receiving from one to eight inoculations of infective larvae. Multiple infections did not produce a protective resistance to reinfection as determined by adult worm recovery at necropsy. Intralymphatic granulomatous lesions, lymph thrombi, were first seen at 48 days post initial inoculation (DPI). The numbers of lymph thrombi reached peak levels in singly inoculated jirds at 90 DPI and significantly decreased to low levels by 160 DPI. The ratio of lymph thrombi to adult worms recovered from the spermatic cord lymphatics followed a similar pattern. Sizes of renal lymph nodes, which drain lymphatics containing parasites, followed a temporal pattern of increase and decrease similar to that of lymph thrombi numbers. Peak granuloma areas around antigen-coated beads embolized in lungs were seen at 27 DPI. Granuloma areas around antigen-coated beads began to decrease after 69 DPI and reached sizes not significantly different from uninfected controls by 118 DPI. Multiple inoculations of infective larvae and increasing worm burdens did not affect the pattern of granulomatous response to antigen-coated beads. Eosinophilia of singly and multiply infected jirds peaked at 26 DPI. Eosinophilia of singly infected jirds returned to normal levels by 103 DPI but those of multiply infected jirds remained elevated until 160 DPI. Lymph node cell blastogenic responses to antigen were greater than those of splenocytes at all time intervals measured. However, significant differences in stimulation indexes between groups with different infection durations were not seen with either cell type. Antibody responses to somatic adult worm antigen as measured by ELISA reached near peak levels by 48 DPI and remained elevated for the course of the study in all infected jirds. The decrease in lymphatic lesion severity seen in chronically infected jirds temporally corresponds to the decrease in granulomatous reactivity measured around antigen-coated beads embolized in the lungs. This observation suggests that host and/or parasite factors associated with these two phenomena may be similar. Although these decreases may be the result of down-regulated immune responses, corresponding decreases in antibody levels and blastogenesis of lymphocytes stimulated by crude worm extracts were not observed in chronic infections.</abstract><note type="content">Section title: Regular article</note><subject><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>Brugia pahangi</topic><topic>Filariasis</topic><topic>Nematode</topic><topic>Filariae</topic><topic>Lymphangitis</topic><topic>Lymphadenitis</topic><topic>Meriones unquiculatus</topic><topic>Jird</topic><topic>Gerbil</topic><topic>Filarial pathology</topic><topic>Granulomatous inflammation</topic><topic>Filariasis-animal models</topic></subject><subject><genre>Abbreviations</genre><topic>Days post initial inoculation of infective larvae (DPI)</topic><topic>Enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA)</topic><topic>Third stage infective larvae (L3)</topic><topic>Diethanolamine (DEA)</topic><topic>Sized cyanogen bromide activated Sepharose 4B beads (CNBS)</topic><topic>Phytohemagglutinin-M (PHA-M)</topic><topic>Pokeweed mitogen (PWM)</topic><topic>0.05% Tween 20 in 0.1 M phosphate-buffered saline (PBS-T)</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Experimental Parasitology</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>YEXPR</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><originInfo><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">199011</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0014-4894</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0014-4894(00)X0145-2</identifier><part><date>199011</date><detail type="volume"><number>71</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>4</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue pages"><start>357</start><end>519</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>393</start><end>405</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">4F46EACF5060F9E6BBDAAEAEAAD8CE11231EDD7E</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/0014-4894(90)90065-K</identifier><identifier type="PII">0014-4894(90)90065-K</identifier><recordInfo><recordContentSource>ELSEVIER</recordContentSource></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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