Pulmonary diseases in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus in Zimbabwe, Central Africa
Identifieur interne : 000278 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000277; suivant : 000279Pulmonary diseases in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus in Zimbabwe, Central Africa
Auteurs : D. T. Mcleod ; P. Neill ; V. J. Robertson ; A. S. Latif ; J. C. Emmanuel ; J. E. Els ; L. K. Z. Gwanzura ; F. E. J. Trijssenaar ; P. Nziramasanga ; G. R. Jongeling ; D. A. Katzenstein ; N. Nkanza ; S. B. LucasSource :
- Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene [ 0035-9203 ] ; 1989.
Abstract
During the 11 month period up to 30 September 1987, 37 patients (26 male, 11 female, mean age 27 years) with respiratory symptoms who were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive, were studied prospectively on 40 occasions to determine the cause of any pulmonary complications. HIV was heterosexually transmitted. Predominant symptoms were cough (89%), fever (89%), weight loss (83%), and dyspnoea (60%). Transnasal fibre-optic bronchoscopy (with bronchoalveolar lavage, bronchial brushings and transbronchial lung biopsies) was performed on 35 patients, twice on 3 patients. ‘Tru-cut’ lung biopsies were obtained from 2 patients who died before bronchoscopy. Pulmonary tuberculosis was the commonest disease, being found in one-third of the patients (12 of 37). Mycobacterium tuberculosis was cultured from 4; the remainder of the plates were contaminated. Pneumocystis carinii was present in 8 patients: as the sole pathogen in 3, with Streptococcus pneumoniae in 4, Staphylococcus aureus in 2, and one also had tuberculous lymphadenitis. Endobronchial Kaposi's sarcoma was seen in 6 of 7 patients with skin nodules. Bacterial pathogens isolated included Staph. aureus (5), S. pneumoniae (5), Klebsiella pneumoniae (2), Haemophilus influenzae (2), H. parainfluenzae (1) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1). Invading Aspergillus fumigatus was diagnosed by lung biopsy in one. No diagnosis was reached for 8 patients. It is concluded that in Central Africa pulmonary complications in AIDS patients are similar to those in Europe and North America but the incidence of different pathogens depends on the prevalence of pathogens in the community. M. tuberculosis is probably the commonest pathogen. This study has confirmed that P. carinii pneumonia does occur, but occurs less frequently.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/0035-9203(89)90400-8
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Robertson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Latif, A S" sort="Latif, A S" uniqKey="Latif A" first="A. S." last="Latif">A. S. Latif</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Medicine, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Emmanuel, J C" sort="Emmanuel, J C" uniqKey="Emmanuel J" first="J. C." last="Emmanuel">J. C. Emmanuel</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>The Blood Transfusion Service, Harare, Zimbabwe</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Els, J E" sort="Els, J E" uniqKey="Els J" first="J. E." last="Els">J. E. Els</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gwanzura, L K Z" sort="Gwanzura, L K Z" uniqKey="Gwanzura L" first="L. K. 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Mcleod</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Medicine, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Neill, P" sort="Neill, P" uniqKey="Neill P" first="P." last="Neill">P. Neill</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Robertson, V J" sort="Robertson, V J" uniqKey="Robertson V" first="V. J." last="Robertson">V. J. Robertson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Latif, A S" sort="Latif, A S" uniqKey="Latif A" first="A. S." last="Latif">A. S. Latif</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Medicine, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Emmanuel, J C" sort="Emmanuel, J C" uniqKey="Emmanuel J" first="J. C." last="Emmanuel">J. C. Emmanuel</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>The Blood Transfusion Service, Harare, Zimbabwe</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Els, J E" sort="Els, J E" uniqKey="Els J" first="J. E." last="Els">J. E. Els</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gwanzura, L K Z" sort="Gwanzura, L K Z" uniqKey="Gwanzura L" first="L. K. Z." last="Gwanzura">L. K. Z. Gwanzura</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Trijssenaar, F E J" sort="Trijssenaar, F E J" uniqKey="Trijssenaar F" first="F. E. J." last="Trijssenaar">F. E. J. Trijssenaar</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nziramasanga, P" sort="Nziramasanga, P" uniqKey="Nziramasanga P" first="P." last="Nziramasanga">P. Nziramasanga</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jongeling, G R" sort="Jongeling, G R" uniqKey="Jongeling G" first="G. R." last="Jongeling">G. R. Jongeling</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Katzenstein, D A" sort="Katzenstein, D A" uniqKey="Katzenstein D" first="D. A." last="Katzenstein">D. A. Katzenstein</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nkanza, N" sort="Nkanza, N" uniqKey="Nkanza N" first="N." last="Nkanza">N. Nkanza</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Histopathology of the Medical School, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lucas, S B" sort="Lucas, S B" uniqKey="Lucas S" first="S. B." last="Lucas">S. B. Lucas</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>The Wolfson Tropical Pathology Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">TRSTMH</title><idno type="ISSN">0035-9203</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1989">1989</date><biblScope unit="volume">83</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">5</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="694">694</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="697">697</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0035-9203</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0035-9203</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">During the 11 month period up to 30 September 1987, 37 patients (26 male, 11 female, mean age 27 years) with respiratory symptoms who were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive, were studied prospectively on 40 occasions to determine the cause of any pulmonary complications. HIV was heterosexually transmitted. Predominant symptoms were cough (89%), fever (89%), weight loss (83%), and dyspnoea (60%). Transnasal fibre-optic bronchoscopy (with bronchoalveolar lavage, bronchial brushings and transbronchial lung biopsies) was performed on 35 patients, twice on 3 patients. ‘Tru-cut’ lung biopsies were obtained from 2 patients who died before bronchoscopy. Pulmonary tuberculosis was the commonest disease, being found in one-third of the patients (12 of 37). Mycobacterium tuberculosis was cultured from 4; the remainder of the plates were contaminated. Pneumocystis carinii was present in 8 patients: as the sole pathogen in 3, with Streptococcus pneumoniae in 4, Staphylococcus aureus in 2, and one also had tuberculous lymphadenitis. Endobronchial Kaposi's sarcoma was seen in 6 of 7 patients with skin nodules. Bacterial pathogens isolated included Staph. aureus (5), S. pneumoniae (5), Klebsiella pneumoniae (2), Haemophilus influenzae (2), H. parainfluenzae (1) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1). Invading Aspergillus fumigatus was diagnosed by lung biopsy in one. No diagnosis was reached for 8 patients. It is concluded that in Central Africa pulmonary complications in AIDS patients are similar to those in Europe and North America but the incidence of different pathogens depends on the prevalence of pathogens in the community. M. tuberculosis is probably the commonest pathogen. This study has confirmed that P. carinii pneumonia does occur, but occurs less frequently.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><keywords><teeft><json:string>carinii</json:string><json:string>sarcoma</json:string><json:string>pathogen</json:string><json:string>zimbabwe</json:string><json:string>bronchoscopy</json:string><json:string>pulmonary complications</json:string><json:string>carinii pneumonia</json:string><json:string>clinical features</json:string><json:string>immune deficiency syndrome</json:string><json:string>weight loss</json:string><json:string>pneumocystis carinii</json:string><json:string>central africa</json:string><json:string>histological examination</json:string><json:string>african patients</json:string><json:string>biopsy</json:string><json:string>aspergillus fumigatus</json:string><json:string>commonest pathogen</json:string><json:string>bronchoalveolar lavage</json:string><json:string>england journal</json:string><json:string>human immunodeficiency virus</json:string><json:string>pulmonary infiltrates</json:string><json:string>heterosexual contact</json:string><json:string>mycobacterium tuberculosis</json:string><json:string>pulmonary pathogen</json:string><json:string>positive subjects</json:string><json:string>sputum smear</json:string><json:string>lung biopsies</json:string><json:string>month period</json:string><json:string>brain heart infusion agar</json:string><json:string>biopsy material</json:string><json:string>pulmonary sarcoma</json:string><json:string>blood donors</json:string><json:string>streptococcus pneumoniae</json:string><json:string>endemic variety</json:string><json:string>bronchopulmonary sarcoma</json:string><json:string>tuberculosis</json:string></teeft></keywords><author><json:item><name>D.T. McLeod</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Medicine, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>P. Neill</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>V.J. Robertson</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>A.S. Latif</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Medicine, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>J.C. Emmanuel</name><affiliations><json:string>The Blood Transfusion Service, Harare, Zimbabwe</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>J.E. Els</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>L.K.Z. Gwanzura</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>F.E.J. Trijssenaar</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>P. Nziramasanga</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>G.R. Jongeling</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>D.A. Katzenstein</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>N. Nkanza</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Histopathology of the Medical School, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>S.B. Lucas</name><affiliations><json:string>The Wolfson Tropical Pathology Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Full-length article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>During the 11 month period up to 30 September 1987, 37 patients (26 male, 11 female, mean age 27 years) with respiratory symptoms who were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive, were studied prospectively on 40 occasions to determine the cause of any pulmonary complications. HIV was heterosexually transmitted. Predominant symptoms were cough (89%), fever (89%), weight loss (83%), and dyspnoea (60%). Transnasal fibre-optic bronchoscopy (with bronchoalveolar lavage, bronchial brushings and transbronchial lung biopsies) was performed on 35 patients, twice on 3 patients. ‘Tru-cut’ lung biopsies were obtained from 2 patients who died before bronchoscopy. Pulmonary tuberculosis was the commonest disease, being found in one-third of the patients (12 of 37). Mycobacterium tuberculosis was cultured from 4; the remainder of the plates were contaminated. Pneumocystis carinii was present in 8 patients: as the sole pathogen in 3, with Streptococcus pneumoniae in 4, Staphylococcus aureus in 2, and one also had tuberculous lymphadenitis. Endobronchial Kaposi's sarcoma was seen in 6 of 7 patients with skin nodules. Bacterial pathogens isolated included Staph. aureus (5), S. pneumoniae (5), Klebsiella pneumoniae (2), Haemophilus influenzae (2), H. parainfluenzae (1) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1). Invading Aspergillus fumigatus was diagnosed by lung biopsy in one. No diagnosis was reached for 8 patients. It is concluded that in Central Africa pulmonary complications in AIDS patients are similar to those in Europe and North America but the incidence of different pathogens depends on the prevalence of pathogens in the community. M. tuberculosis is probably the commonest pathogen. This study has confirmed that P. carinii pneumonia does occur, but occurs less frequently.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>5.896</score><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>540 x 720 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>0</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>1786</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>2896</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>19509</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>4</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>261</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Pulmonary diseases in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus in Zimbabwe, Central Africa</title><pii><json:string>0035-9203(89)90400-8</json:string></pii><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><host><title>Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene</title><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><publicationDate>1989</publicationDate><issn><json:string>0035-9203</json:string></issn><pii><json:string>S0035-9203(00)X0039-9</json:string></pii><volume>83</volume><issue>5</issue><pages><first>694</first><last>697</last></pages><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre></host><categories><wos><json:string>social science</json:string><json:string>public, environmental & occupational health</json:string><json:string>science</json:string><json:string>tropical medicine</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>health sciences</json:string><json:string>clinical medicine</json:string><json:string>tropical medicine</json:string></scienceMetrix><inist><json:string>sciences appliquees, technologies et medecines</json:string><json:string>sciences biologiques et medicales</json:string><json:string>sciences medicales</json:string></inist></categories><publicationDate>1989</publicationDate><copyrightDate>1989</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1016/0035-9203(89)90400-8</json:string></doi><id>05F0F27FB98E30F37FFA9DCC18BFAC224B514CB7</id><score>1</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/05F0F27FB98E30F37FFA9DCC18BFAC224B514CB7/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/05F0F27FB98E30F37FFA9DCC18BFAC224B514CB7/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/05F0F27FB98E30F37FFA9DCC18BFAC224B514CB7/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a">Pulmonary diseases in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus in Zimbabwe, Central Africa</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><availability><p>ELSEVIER</p></availability><date>1989</date></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a">Pulmonary diseases in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus in Zimbabwe, Central Africa</title><author xml:id="author-0000"><persName><forename type="first">D.T.</forename><surname>McLeod</surname></persName><affiliation>Address for correspondence: Dr D. T. McLeod, General Medicine, Sandwell District General Hospital, West Bromwich, West Midlands, B71 4HJ, UK.</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Medicine, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">P.</forename><surname>Neill</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0002"><persName><forename type="first">V.J.</forename><surname>Robertson</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0003"><persName><forename type="first">A.S.</forename><surname>Latif</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Medicine, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0004"><persName><forename type="first">J.C.</forename><surname>Emmanuel</surname></persName><affiliation>The Blood Transfusion Service, Harare, Zimbabwe</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0005"><persName><forename type="first">J.E.</forename><surname>Els</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0006"><persName><forename type="first">L.K.Z.</forename><surname>Gwanzura</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0007"><persName><forename type="first">F.E.J.</forename><surname>Trijssenaar</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0008"><persName><forename type="first">P.</forename><surname>Nziramasanga</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0009"><persName><forename type="first">G.R.</forename><surname>Jongeling</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0010"><persName><forename type="first">D.A.</forename><surname>Katzenstein</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0011"><persName><forename type="first">N.</forename><surname>Nkanza</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Histopathology of the Medical School, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0012"><persName><forename type="first">S.B.</forename><surname>Lucas</surname></persName><affiliation>The Wolfson Tropical Pathology Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK</affiliation></author><idno type="istex">05F0F27FB98E30F37FFA9DCC18BFAC224B514CB7</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/0035-9203(89)90400-8</idno><idno type="PII">0035-9203(89)90400-8</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">TRSTMH</title><idno type="pISSN">0035-9203</idno><idno type="PII">S0035-9203(00)X0039-9</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1989"></date><biblScope unit="volume">83</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">5</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="694">694</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="697">697</biblScope></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>1989</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>During the 11 month period up to 30 September 1987, 37 patients (26 male, 11 female, mean age 27 years) with respiratory symptoms who were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive, were studied prospectively on 40 occasions to determine the cause of any pulmonary complications. HIV was heterosexually transmitted. Predominant symptoms were cough (89%), fever (89%), weight loss (83%), and dyspnoea (60%). Transnasal fibre-optic bronchoscopy (with bronchoalveolar lavage, bronchial brushings and transbronchial lung biopsies) was performed on 35 patients, twice on 3 patients. ‘Tru-cut’ lung biopsies were obtained from 2 patients who died before bronchoscopy. Pulmonary tuberculosis was the commonest disease, being found in one-third of the patients (12 of 37). Mycobacterium tuberculosis was cultured from 4; the remainder of the plates were contaminated. Pneumocystis carinii was present in 8 patients: as the sole pathogen in 3, with Streptococcus pneumoniae in 4, Staphylococcus aureus in 2, and one also had tuberculous lymphadenitis. Endobronchial Kaposi's sarcoma was seen in 6 of 7 patients with skin nodules. Bacterial pathogens isolated included Staph. aureus (5), S. pneumoniae (5), Klebsiella pneumoniae (2), Haemophilus influenzae (2), H. parainfluenzae (1) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1). Invading Aspergillus fumigatus was diagnosed by lung biopsy in one. No diagnosis was reached for 8 patients. It is concluded that in Central Africa pulmonary complications in AIDS patients are similar to those in Europe and North America but the incidence of different pathogens depends on the prevalence of pathogens in the community. M. tuberculosis is probably the commonest pathogen. This study has confirmed that P. carinii pneumonia does occur, but occurs less frequently.</p></abstract></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1989-01-19">Modified</change><change when="1989">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/05F0F27FB98E30F37FFA9DCC18BFAC224B514CB7/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="fla"><item-info><jid>TRSTMH</jid><aid>89904008</aid><ce:pii>0035-9203(89)90400-8</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/0035-9203(89)90400-8</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="unknown" year="1989"></ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:title>Pulmonary diseases in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus in Zimbabwe, Central Africa</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>D.T.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>McLeod</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="COR1"><ce:sup>∗</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>1</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>P.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Neill</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup>2</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>V.J.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Robertson</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF3"><ce:sup>3</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>A.S.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Latif</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>1</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>J.C.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Emmanuel</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF5"><ce:sup>5</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>J.E.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Els</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF3"><ce:sup>3</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>L.K.Z.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Gwanzura</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF3"><ce:sup>3</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>F.E.J.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Trijssenaar</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF3"><ce:sup>3</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>P.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Nziramasanga</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF3"><ce:sup>3</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>G.R.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Jongeling</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF3"><ce:sup>3</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>D.A.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Katzenstein</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF3"><ce:sup>3</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>N.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Nkanza</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF4"><ce:sup>4</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>S.B.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Lucas</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF6"><ce:sup>6</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:affiliation id="AFF1"><ce:label>1</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Medicine, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF2"><ce:label>2</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF3"><ce:label>3</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF4"><ce:label>4</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Histopathology of the Medical School, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF5"><ce:label>5</ce:label><ce:textfn>The Blood Transfusion Service, Harare, Zimbabwe</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF6"><ce:label>6</ce:label><ce:textfn>The Wolfson Tropical Pathology Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:correspondence id="COR1"><ce:label>∗</ce:label><ce:text>Address for correspondence: Dr D. T. McLeod, General Medicine, Sandwell District General Hospital, West Bromwich, West Midlands, B71 4HJ, UK.</ce:text></ce:correspondence></ce:author-group><ce:date-received day="8" month="11" year="1988"></ce:date-received><ce:date-revised day="19" month="1" year="1989"></ce:date-revised><ce:date-accepted day="19" month="1" year="1989"></ce:date-accepted><ce:abstract><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para>During the 11 month period up to 30 September 1987, 37 patients (26 male, 11 female, mean age 27 years) with respiratory symptoms who were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive, were studied prospectively on 40 occasions to determine the cause of any pulmonary complications. HIV was heterosexually transmitted. Predominant symptoms were cough (89%), fever (89%), weight loss (83%), and dyspnoea (60%). Transnasal fibre-optic bronchoscopy (with bronchoalveolar lavage, bronchial brushings and transbronchial lung biopsies) was performed on 35 patients, twice on 3 patients. ‘Tru-cut’ lung biopsies were obtained from 2 patients who died before bronchoscopy. Pulmonary tuberculosis was the commonest disease, being found in one-third of the patients (12 of 37). <ce:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</ce:italic> was cultured from 4; the remainder of the plates were contaminated. <ce:italic>Pneumocystis carinii</ce:italic> was present in 8 patients: as the sole pathogen in 3, with <ce:italic>Streptococcus pneumoniae</ce:italic> in 4, <ce:italic>Staphylococcus aureus</ce:italic> in 2, and one also had tuberculous lymphadenitis. Endobronchial Kaposi's sarcoma was seen in 6 of 7 patients with skin nodules. Bacterial pathogens isolated included <ce:italic>Staph. aureus</ce:italic> (5), <ce:italic>S. pneumoniae</ce:italic> (5), <ce:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae</ce:italic> (2), <ce:italic>Haemophilus influenzae</ce:italic> (2), <ce:italic>H. parainfluenzae</ce:italic> (1) and <ce:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</ce:italic> (1). Invading <ce:italic>Aspergillus fumigatus</ce:italic> was diagnosed by lung biopsy in one. No diagnosis was reached for 8 patients. It is concluded that in Central Africa pulmonary complications in AIDS patients are similar to those in Europe and North America but the incidence of different pathogens depends on the prevalence of pathogens in the community. <ce:italic>M. tuberculosis</ce:italic> is probably the commonest pathogen. This study has confirmed that <ce:italic>P. carinii</ce:italic> pneumonia does occur, but occurs less frequently.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo><title>Pulmonary diseases in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus in Zimbabwe, Central Africa</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA"><title>Pulmonary diseases in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus in Zimbabwe, Central Africa</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">D.T.</namePart><namePart type="family">McLeod</namePart><affiliation>Department of Medicine, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</affiliation><description>Address for correspondence: Dr D. T. McLeod, General Medicine, Sandwell District General Hospital, West Bromwich, West Midlands, B71 4HJ, UK.</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">P.</namePart><namePart type="family">Neill</namePart><affiliation>Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">V.J.</namePart><namePart type="family">Robertson</namePart><affiliation>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">A.S.</namePart><namePart type="family">Latif</namePart><affiliation>Department of Medicine, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Emmanuel</namePart><affiliation>The Blood Transfusion Service, Harare, Zimbabwe</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.E.</namePart><namePart type="family">Els</namePart><affiliation>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">L.K.Z.</namePart><namePart type="family">Gwanzura</namePart><affiliation>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">F.E.J.</namePart><namePart type="family">Trijssenaar</namePart><affiliation>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">P.</namePart><namePart type="family">Nziramasanga</namePart><affiliation>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">G.R.</namePart><namePart type="family">Jongeling</namePart><affiliation>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">D.A.</namePart><namePart type="family">Katzenstein</namePart><affiliation>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">N.</namePart><namePart type="family">Nkanza</namePart><affiliation>Department of Histopathology of the Medical School, University of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">S.B.</namePart><namePart type="family">Lucas</namePart><affiliation>The Wolfson Tropical Pathology Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1989</dateIssued><dateModified encoding="w3cdtf">1989-01-19</dateModified><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1989</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">During the 11 month period up to 30 September 1987, 37 patients (26 male, 11 female, mean age 27 years) with respiratory symptoms who were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive, were studied prospectively on 40 occasions to determine the cause of any pulmonary complications. HIV was heterosexually transmitted. Predominant symptoms were cough (89%), fever (89%), weight loss (83%), and dyspnoea (60%). Transnasal fibre-optic bronchoscopy (with bronchoalveolar lavage, bronchial brushings and transbronchial lung biopsies) was performed on 35 patients, twice on 3 patients. ‘Tru-cut’ lung biopsies were obtained from 2 patients who died before bronchoscopy. Pulmonary tuberculosis was the commonest disease, being found in one-third of the patients (12 of 37). Mycobacterium tuberculosis was cultured from 4; the remainder of the plates were contaminated. Pneumocystis carinii was present in 8 patients: as the sole pathogen in 3, with Streptococcus pneumoniae in 4, Staphylococcus aureus in 2, and one also had tuberculous lymphadenitis. Endobronchial Kaposi's sarcoma was seen in 6 of 7 patients with skin nodules. Bacterial pathogens isolated included Staph. aureus (5), S. pneumoniae (5), Klebsiella pneumoniae (2), Haemophilus influenzae (2), H. parainfluenzae (1) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1). Invading Aspergillus fumigatus was diagnosed by lung biopsy in one. No diagnosis was reached for 8 patients. It is concluded that in Central Africa pulmonary complications in AIDS patients are similar to those in Europe and North America but the incidence of different pathogens depends on the prevalence of pathogens in the community. M. tuberculosis is probably the commonest pathogen. This study has confirmed that P. carinii pneumonia does occur, but occurs less frequently.</abstract><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>TRSTMH</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><originInfo><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">198909</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0035-9203</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0035-9203(00)X0039-9</identifier><part><date>198909</date><detail type="volume"><number>83</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>5</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue pages"><start>577</start><end>720</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>694</start><end>697</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">05F0F27FB98E30F37FFA9DCC18BFAC224B514CB7</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/0035-9203(89)90400-8</identifier><identifier type="PII">0035-9203(89)90400-8</identifier><recordInfo><recordContentSource>ELSEVIER</recordContentSource></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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