Impact of city lockdown on the air quality of COVID-19-hit of Wuhan city.
Identifieur interne : 002116 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 002115; suivant : 002117Impact of city lockdown on the air quality of COVID-19-hit of Wuhan city.
Auteurs : Xinbo Lian ; Jianping Huang ; Rujin Huang ; Chuwei Liu ; Lina Wang ; Tinghan ZhangSource :
- The Science of the total environment [ 1879-1026 ] ; 2020.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical , analysis : Air Pollutants, Particulate Matter.
- geographic : China, Cities.
- analysis : Air Pollution.
- Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, Coronavirus Infections, Environmental Monitoring, Humans, Pandemics, Pneumonia, Viral, SARS-CoV-2.
Abstract
A series of strict lockdown measures were implemented in the areas of China worst affected by coronavirus disease 19, including Wuhan, to prevent the disease spreading. The lockdown had a substantial environmental impact, because traffic pollution and industrial emissions are important factors affecting air quality and public health in the region. After the lockdown, the average monthly air quality index (AQI) in Wuhan was 59.7, which is 33.9% lower than that before the lockdown (January 23, 2020) and 47.5% lower than that during the corresponding period (113.6) from 2015 to 2019. Compared with the conditions before the lockdown, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) decreased by 36.9% and remained the main pollutant. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) showed the largest decrease of approximately 53.3%, and ozone (O3) increased by 116.6%. The proportions of fixed-source emissions and transported external-source emissions in this area increased. After the lockdown, O3 pollution was highly negatively correlated with the NO2 concentration, and the radiation increase caused by the PM2.5 reduction was not the main reason for the increase in O3. This indicates that the generation of secondary pollutants is influenced by multiple factors and is not only governed by emission reduction.
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140556
PubMed: 32634686
PubMed Central: PMC7326389
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Impact of city lockdown on the air quality of COVID-19-hit of Wuhan city.</title><author><name sortKey="Lian, Xinbo" sort="Lian, Xinbo" uniqKey="Lian X" first="Xinbo" last="Lian">Xinbo Lian</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, Jianping" sort="Huang, Jianping" uniqKey="Huang J" first="Jianping" last="Huang">Jianping Huang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. Electronic address: hjp@lzu.edu.cn.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, Rujin" sort="Huang, Rujin" uniqKey="Huang R" first="Rujin" last="Huang">Rujin Huang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xian 710061, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Chuwei" sort="Liu, Chuwei" uniqKey="Liu C" first="Chuwei" last="Liu">Chuwei Liu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Lina" sort="Wang, Lina" uniqKey="Wang L" first="Lina" last="Wang">Lina Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Gansu Province Environmental Monitoring Center, Lanzhou, 730000, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Tinghan" sort="Zhang, Tinghan" uniqKey="Zhang T" first="Tinghan" last="Zhang">Tinghan Zhang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2020">2020</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:32634686</idno><idno type="pmid">32634686</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140556</idno><idno type="pmc">PMC7326389</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">002116</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">002116</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Impact of city lockdown on the air quality of COVID-19-hit of Wuhan city.</title><author><name sortKey="Lian, Xinbo" sort="Lian, Xinbo" uniqKey="Lian X" first="Xinbo" last="Lian">Xinbo Lian</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, Jianping" sort="Huang, Jianping" uniqKey="Huang J" first="Jianping" last="Huang">Jianping Huang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. Electronic address: hjp@lzu.edu.cn.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, Rujin" sort="Huang, Rujin" uniqKey="Huang R" first="Rujin" last="Huang">Rujin Huang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xian 710061, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Chuwei" sort="Liu, Chuwei" uniqKey="Liu C" first="Chuwei" last="Liu">Chuwei Liu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Lina" sort="Wang, Lina" uniqKey="Wang L" first="Lina" last="Wang">Lina Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Gansu Province Environmental Monitoring Center, Lanzhou, 730000, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Tinghan" sort="Zhang, Tinghan" uniqKey="Zhang T" first="Tinghan" last="Zhang">Tinghan Zhang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The Science of the total environment</title><idno type="eISSN">1879-1026</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Air Pollutants (analysis)</term><term>Air Pollution (analysis)</term><term>Betacoronavirus (MeSH)</term><term>COVID-19 (MeSH)</term><term>China (MeSH)</term><term>Cities (MeSH)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (MeSH)</term><term>Environmental Monitoring (MeSH)</term><term>Humans (MeSH)</term><term>Pandemics (MeSH)</term><term>Particulate Matter (analysis)</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral (MeSH)</term><term>SARS-CoV-2 (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="analysis" xml:lang="en"><term>Air Pollutants</term><term>Particulate Matter</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" xml:lang="en"><term>China</term><term>Cities</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="analysis" xml:lang="en"><term>Air Pollution</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Betacoronavirus</term><term>COVID-19</term><term>Coronavirus Infections</term><term>Environmental Monitoring</term><term>Humans</term><term>Pandemics</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral</term><term>SARS-CoV-2</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">A series of strict lockdown measures were implemented in the areas of China worst affected by coronavirus disease 19, including Wuhan, to prevent the disease spreading. The lockdown had a substantial environmental impact, because traffic pollution and industrial emissions are important factors affecting air quality and public health in the region. After the lockdown, the average monthly air quality index (AQI) in Wuhan was 59.7, which is 33.9% lower than that before the lockdown (January 23, 2020) and 47.5% lower than that during the corresponding period (113.6) from 2015 to 2019. Compared with the conditions before the lockdown, fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) decreased by 36.9% and remained the main pollutant. Nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>) showed the largest decrease of approximately 53.3%, and ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) increased by 116.6%. The proportions of fixed-source emissions and transported external-source emissions in this area increased. After the lockdown, O<sub>3</sub> pollution was highly negatively correlated with the NO<sub>2</sub> concentration, and the radiation increase caused by the PM<sub>2.5</sub> reduction was not the main reason for the increase in O<sub>3</sub>. This indicates that the generation of secondary pollutants is influenced by multiple factors and is not only governed by emission reduction.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" IndexingMethod="Automated" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32634686</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>10</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2021</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>20</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1879-1026</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>742</Volume><PubDate><Year>2020</Year><Month>Nov</Month><Day>10</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>The Science of the total environment</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Sci Total Environ</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Impact of city lockdown on the air quality of COVID-19-hit of Wuhan city.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>140556</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S0048-9697(20)34078-X</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140556</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>A series of strict lockdown measures were implemented in the areas of China worst affected by coronavirus disease 19, including Wuhan, to prevent the disease spreading. The lockdown had a substantial environmental impact, because traffic pollution and industrial emissions are important factors affecting air quality and public health in the region. After the lockdown, the average monthly air quality index (AQI) in Wuhan was 59.7, which is 33.9% lower than that before the lockdown (January 23, 2020) and 47.5% lower than that during the corresponding period (113.6) from 2015 to 2019. Compared with the conditions before the lockdown, fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) decreased by 36.9% and remained the main pollutant. Nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>) showed the largest decrease of approximately 53.3%, and ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) increased by 116.6%. The proportions of fixed-source emissions and transported external-source emissions in this area increased. After the lockdown, O<sub>3</sub> pollution was highly negatively correlated with the NO<sub>2</sub> concentration, and the radiation increase caused by the PM<sub>2.5</sub> reduction was not the main reason for the increase in O<sub>3</sub>. This indicates that the generation of secondary pollutants is influenced by multiple factors and is not only governed by emission reduction.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lian</LastName><ForeName>Xinbo</ForeName><Initials>X</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Huang</LastName><ForeName>Jianping</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. Electronic address: hjp@lzu.edu.cn.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Huang</LastName><ForeName>Rujin</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xian 710061, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Liu</LastName><ForeName>Chuwei</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wang</LastName><ForeName>Lina</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Gansu Province Environmental Monitoring Center, Lanzhou, 730000, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhang</LastName><ForeName>Tinghan</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>30</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Netherlands</Country><MedlineTA>Sci Total Environ</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>0330500</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0048-9697</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000393">Air Pollutants</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D052638">Particulate Matter</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000393" MajorTopicYN="N">Air Pollutants</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="Y">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000397" MajorTopicYN="N">Air Pollution</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="Y">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000073640" MajorTopicYN="N">Betacoronavirus</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000086382" MajorTopicYN="N">COVID-19</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002681" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">China</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002947" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Cities</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018352" MajorTopicYN="Y">Coronavirus Infections</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004784" MajorTopicYN="N">Environmental Monitoring</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D058873" MajorTopicYN="Y">Pandemics</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D052638" MajorTopicYN="N">Particulate Matter</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="N">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011024" MajorTopicYN="Y">Pneumonia, Viral</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000086402" MajorTopicYN="N">SARS-CoV-2</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">AQI</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">COVID-19</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Lockdown</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">NO(2)</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">O(3)</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">PM(2.5)</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2020</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>06</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2020</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>24</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>25</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>7</Month><Day>8</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>12</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year><Month>7</Month><Day>8</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">32634686</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S0048-9697(20)34078-X</ArticleId><ArticleId 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