Understanding the dynamics of COVID-19; implications for therapeutic intervention, vaccine development and movement control.
Identifieur interne : 001677 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 001676; suivant : 001678Understanding the dynamics of COVID-19; implications for therapeutic intervention, vaccine development and movement control.
Auteurs : S. Salvamani ; H Z Tan ; W J Thang ; H C Ter ; M S Wan ; B. Gunasekaran ; A. RhodesSource :
- British journal of biomedical science [ 0967-4845 ] ; 2020.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical , therapeutic use : COVID-19 Vaccines, Viral Vaccines.
- immunology : COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2.
- pathogenicity : SARS-CoV-2.
- prevention & control : COVID-19.
- virology : COVID-19.
- Humans, Pandemics.
Abstract
The COVID-19 disease is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which is highly infective within the human population. The virus is widely disseminated to almost every continent with over twenty-seven million infections and over ninety-thousand reported deaths attributed to COVID-19 disease. SARS-CoV-2 is a single stranded RNA virus, comprising three main viral proteins; membrane, spike and envelope. The clinical features of COVID-19 disease can be classified according to different degrees of severity, with some patients progressing to acute respiratory distress syndrome, which can be fatal. In addition, many infections are asymptomatic or only cause mild symptoms. As there is no specific treatment for COVID-19 there is considerable endeavour to raise a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, in addition to engineering neutralizing antibody interventions. In the absence of an effective vaccine, movement controls of varying stringencies have been imposed. Whilst enforced lockdown measures have been effective, they may be less effective against the current strain of SARS-CoV-2, the G614 clade. Conversely, other mutations of the virus, such as the Δ382 variant could reduce the clinical relevance of infection. The front runners in the race to develop an effective vaccine focus on the SARS-Co-V-2 Spike protein. However, vaccines that produce a T-cell response to a wider range of SARS-Co-V-2 viral proteins, may be more effective. Population based studies that determine the level of innate immunity to SARS-CoV-2, from prior exposure to the virus or to other coronaviruses, will have important implications for government imposed movement control and the strategic delivery of vaccination programmes.
DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2020.1826136
PubMed: 32942955
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pubmed:32942955Le document en format XML
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Salvamani</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tan, H Z" sort="Tan, H Z" uniqKey="Tan H" first="H Z" last="Tan">H Z Tan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thang, W J" sort="Thang, W J" uniqKey="Thang W" first="W J" last="Thang">W J Thang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ter, H C" sort="Ter, H C" uniqKey="Ter H" first="H C" last="Ter">H C Ter</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wan, M S" sort="Wan, M S" uniqKey="Wan M" first="M S" last="Wan">M S Wan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gunasekaran, B" sort="Gunasekaran, B" uniqKey="Gunasekaran B" first="B" last="Gunasekaran">B. Gunasekaran</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Dept of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rhodes, A" sort="Rhodes, A" uniqKey="Rhodes A" first="A" last="Rhodes">A. Rhodes</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Dept of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2020">2020</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:32942955</idno><idno type="pmid">32942955</idno><idno type="doi">10.1080/09674845.2020.1826136</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">001677</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">001677</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Understanding the dynamics of COVID-19; implications for therapeutic intervention, vaccine development and movement control.</title><author><name sortKey="Salvamani, S" sort="Salvamani, S" uniqKey="Salvamani S" first="S" last="Salvamani">S. Salvamani</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tan, H Z" sort="Tan, H Z" uniqKey="Tan H" first="H Z" last="Tan">H Z Tan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thang, W J" sort="Thang, W J" uniqKey="Thang W" first="W J" last="Thang">W J Thang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ter, H C" sort="Ter, H C" uniqKey="Ter H" first="H C" last="Ter">H C Ter</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wan, M S" sort="Wan, M S" uniqKey="Wan M" first="M S" last="Wan">M S Wan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gunasekaran, B" sort="Gunasekaran, B" uniqKey="Gunasekaran B" first="B" last="Gunasekaran">B. Gunasekaran</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Dept of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rhodes, A" sort="Rhodes, A" uniqKey="Rhodes A" first="A" last="Rhodes">A. Rhodes</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Dept of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">British journal of biomedical science</title><idno type="ISSN">0967-4845</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>COVID-19 (immunology)</term><term>COVID-19 (prevention & control)</term><term>COVID-19 (virology)</term><term>COVID-19 Vaccines (therapeutic use)</term><term>Humans (MeSH)</term><term>Pandemics (MeSH)</term><term>SARS-CoV-2 (immunology)</term><term>SARS-CoV-2 (pathogenicity)</term><term>Viral Vaccines (therapeutic use)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="therapeutic use" xml:lang="en"><term>COVID-19 Vaccines</term><term>Viral Vaccines</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>COVID-19</term><term>SARS-CoV-2</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathogenicity" xml:lang="en"><term>SARS-CoV-2</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prevention & control" xml:lang="en"><term>COVID-19</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>COVID-19</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Humans</term><term>Pandemics</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The COVID-19 disease is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which is highly infective within the human population. The virus is widely disseminated to almost every continent with over twenty-seven million infections and over ninety-thousand reported deaths attributed to COVID-19 disease. SARS-CoV-2 is a single stranded RNA virus, comprising three main viral proteins; membrane, spike and envelope. The clinical features of COVID-19 disease can be classified according to different degrees of severity, with some patients progressing to acute respiratory distress syndrome, which can be fatal. In addition, many infections are asymptomatic or only cause mild symptoms. As there is no specific treatment for COVID-19 there is considerable endeavour to raise a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, in addition to engineering neutralizing antibody interventions. In the absence of an effective vaccine, movement controls of varying stringencies have been imposed. Whilst enforced lockdown measures have been effective, they may be less effective against the current strain of SARS-CoV-2, the G614 clade. Conversely, other mutations of the virus, such as the Δ382 variant could reduce the clinical relevance of infection. The front runners in the race to develop an effective vaccine focus on the SARS-Co-V-2 Spike protein. However, vaccines that produce a T-cell response to a wider range of SARS-Co-V-2 viral proteins, may be more effective. Population based studies that determine the level of innate immunity to SARS-CoV-2, from prior exposure to the virus or to other coronaviruses, will have important implications for government imposed movement control and the strategic delivery of vaccination programmes.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32942955</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2020</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>14</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>14</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">0967-4845</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>77</Volume><Issue>4</Issue><PubDate><Year>2020</Year><Month>Oct</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>British journal of biomedical science</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Br J Biomed Sci</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Understanding the dynamics of COVID-19; implications for therapeutic intervention, vaccine development and movement control.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>168-184</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1080/09674845.2020.1826136</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>The COVID-19 disease is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which is highly infective within the human population. The virus is widely disseminated to almost every continent with over twenty-seven million infections and over ninety-thousand reported deaths attributed to COVID-19 disease. SARS-CoV-2 is a single stranded RNA virus, comprising three main viral proteins; membrane, spike and envelope. The clinical features of COVID-19 disease can be classified according to different degrees of severity, with some patients progressing to acute respiratory distress syndrome, which can be fatal. In addition, many infections are asymptomatic or only cause mild symptoms. As there is no specific treatment for COVID-19 there is considerable endeavour to raise a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, in addition to engineering neutralizing antibody interventions. In the absence of an effective vaccine, movement controls of varying stringencies have been imposed. Whilst enforced lockdown measures have been effective, they may be less effective against the current strain of SARS-CoV-2, the G614 clade. Conversely, other mutations of the virus, such as the Δ382 variant could reduce the clinical relevance of infection. The front runners in the race to develop an effective vaccine focus on the SARS-Co-V-2 Spike protein. However, vaccines that produce a T-cell response to a wider range of SARS-Co-V-2 viral proteins, may be more effective. Population based studies that determine the level of innate immunity to SARS-CoV-2, from prior exposure to the virus or to other coronaviruses, will have important implications for government imposed movement control and the strategic delivery of vaccination programmes.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Salvamani</LastName><ForeName>S</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tan</LastName><ForeName>H Z</ForeName><Initials>HZ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Thang</LastName><ForeName>W J</ForeName><Initials>WJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ter</LastName><ForeName>H C</ForeName><Initials>HC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wan</LastName><ForeName>M S</ForeName><Initials>MS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gunasekaran</LastName><ForeName>B</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Dept of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rhodes</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1187-0939</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Dept of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>Br J Biomed 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