Impact of COVID-19 Confinement on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour in Spanish University Students: Role of Gender.
Identifieur interne : 000357 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 000356; suivant : 000358Impact of COVID-19 Confinement on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour in Spanish University Students: Role of Gender.
Auteurs : Ana Rodríguez-Larrad ; Asier Ma As ; Idoia Labayen ; Marcela González-Gross ; Ander Espin ; Susana Aznar ; José Antonio Serrano-Sánchez ; Francisco J. Vera-Garcia ; Domingo González-Lamu O ; Ignacio Ara ; Luis Carrasco-Páez ; José Castro-Pi Ero ; Mari Carmen G Mez-Cabrera ; Sara Márquez ; Josep A. Tur ; Narcis Gusi ; Pedro J. Benito ; Diego Moliner-Urdiales ; Jonatan R. Ruiz ; Francisco B. Ortega ; David Jiménez-Pav N ; José Antonio Casajús ; Jon IrazustaSource :
- International journal of environmental research and public health [ 1660-4601 ] ; 2021.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adolescent (MeSH), Adult (MeSH), COVID-19 (epidemiology), Exercise (MeSH), Female (MeSH), High-Intensity Interval Training (MeSH), Humans (MeSH), Male (MeSH), Pandemics (MeSH), Sedentary Behavior (MeSH), Sex Factors (MeSH), Spain (epidemiology), Students (MeSH), Surveys and Questionnaires (MeSH), Universities (MeSH), Yoga (MeSH), Young Adult (MeSH).
- MESH :
- geographic , epidemiology : Spain.
- epidemiology : COVID-19.
- Adolescent, Adult, Exercise, Female, High-Intensity Interval Training, Humans, Male, Pandemics, Sedentary Behavior, Sex Factors, Students, Surveys and Questionnaires, Universities, Yoga, Young Adult.
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, entire populations were instructed to live in home-confinement to prevent the expansion of the disease. Spain was one of the countries with the strictest conditions, as outdoor physical activity was banned for nearly two months. This study aimed to analyse the changes in physical activity and sedentary behaviours in Spanish university students before and during the confinement by COVID-19 with special focus on gender. We also analysed enjoyment, the tools used and motivation and impediments for doing physical activity. An online questionnaire, which included the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form and certain "ad hoc" questions, was designed. Students were recruited by distributing an invitation through the administrative channels of 16 universities and a total of 13,754 valid surveys were collected. Overall, university students reduced moderate (-29.5%) and vigorous (-18.3%) physical activity during the confinement and increased sedentary time (+52.7%). However, they spent more time on high intensity interval training (HIIT) (+18.2%) and mind-body activities (e.g., yoga) (+80.0%). Adaptation to the confinement, in terms of physical activity, was handled better by women than by men. These results will help design strategies for each gender to promote physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour during confinement periods.
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020369
PubMed: 33418907
PubMed Central: PMC7825050
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:33418907Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Impact of COVID-19 Confinement on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour in Spanish University Students: Role of Gender.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Rodriguez Larrad, Ana" sort="Rodriguez Larrad, Ana" uniqKey="Rodriguez Larrad A" first="Ana" last="Rodríguez-Larrad">Ana Rodríguez-Larrad</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>AgeingOn Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ma As, Asier" sort="Ma As, Asier" uniqKey="Ma As A" first="Asier" last="Ma As">Asier Ma As</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>GENUD Toledo Research Group, Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Labayen, Idoia" sort="Labayen, Idoia" uniqKey="Labayen I" first="Idoia" last="Labayen">Idoia Labayen</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Health Sciences, Institute for Innovation & Sustainable Development in Food Chain (IS-FOOD), Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), Public University of Navarra, Campus de Arrosadía, 31006 Pamplona, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gonzalez Gross, Marcela" sort="Gonzalez Gross, Marcela" uniqKey="Gonzalez Gross M" first="Marcela" last="González-Gross">Marcela González-Gross</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Espin, Ander" sort="Espin, Ander" uniqKey="Espin A" first="Ander" last="Espin">Ander Espin</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>AgeingOn Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Aznar, Susana" sort="Aznar, Susana" uniqKey="Aznar S" first="Susana" last="Aznar">Susana Aznar</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>PAFS Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Serrano Sanchez, Jose Antonio" sort="Serrano Sanchez, Jose Antonio" uniqKey="Serrano Sanchez J" first="José Antonio" last="Serrano-Sánchez">José Antonio Serrano-Sánchez</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vera Garcia, Francisco J" sort="Vera Garcia, Francisco J" uniqKey="Vera Garcia F" first="Francisco J" last="Vera-Garcia">Francisco J. Vera-Garcia</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Sports Research Centre, Department of Sport Sciences, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gonzalez Lamu O, Domingo" sort="Gonzalez Lamu O, Domingo" uniqKey="Gonzalez Lamu O D" first="Domingo" last="González-Lamu O">Domingo González-Lamu O</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ara, Ignacio" sort="Ara, Ignacio" uniqKey="Ara I" first="Ignacio" last="Ara">Ignacio Ara</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>GENUD Toledo Research Group, Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Carrasco Paez, Luis" sort="Carrasco Paez, Luis" uniqKey="Carrasco Paez L" first="Luis" last="Carrasco-Páez">Luis Carrasco-Páez</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Seville, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Castro Pi Ero, Jose" sort="Castro Pi Ero, Jose" uniqKey="Castro Pi Ero J" first="José" last="Castro-Pi Ero">José Castro-Pi Ero</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, 11519 Puerto Real, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, 11009 Cádiz, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="G Mez Cabrera, Mari Carmen" sort="G Mez Cabrera, Mari Carmen" uniqKey="G Mez Cabrera M" first="Mari Carmen" last="G Mez-Cabrera">Mari Carmen G Mez-Cabrera</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>CIBERFES, Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Marquez, Sara" sort="Marquez, Sara" uniqKey="Marquez S" first="Sara" last="Márquez">Sara Márquez</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tur, Josep A" sort="Tur, Josep A" uniqKey="Tur J" first="Josep A" last="Tur">Josep A. Tur</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, University of the Balearic Islands, IDISBA & CIBEROBN, 07122 Palma, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gusi, Narcis" sort="Gusi, Narcis" uniqKey="Gusi N" first="Narcis" last="Gusi">Narcis Gusi</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Benito, Pedro J" sort="Benito, Pedro J" uniqKey="Benito P" first="Pedro J" last="Benito">Pedro J. Benito</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Moliner Urdiales, Diego" sort="Moliner Urdiales, Diego" uniqKey="Moliner Urdiales D" first="Diego" last="Moliner-Urdiales">Diego Moliner-Urdiales</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>LIFE Research Group, Department of Education and Specific Didactics, University Jaume I, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ruiz, Jonatan R" sort="Ruiz, Jonatan R" uniqKey="Ruiz J" first="Jonatan R" last="Ruiz">Jonatan R. Ruiz</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity" Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ortega, Francisco B" sort="Ortega, Francisco B" uniqKey="Ortega F" first="Francisco B" last="Ortega">Francisco B. Ortega</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity" Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jimenez Pav N, David" sort="Jimenez Pav N, David" uniqKey="Jimenez Pav N D" first="David" last="Jiménez-Pav N">David Jiménez-Pav N</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, 11009 Cádiz, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>MOVE-IT Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, 11519 Puerto Real, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Casajus, Jose Antonio" sort="Casajus, Jose Antonio" uniqKey="Casajus J" first="José Antonio" last="Casajús">José Antonio Casajús</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Irazusta, Jon" sort="Irazusta, Jon" uniqKey="Irazusta J" first="Jon" last="Irazusta">Jon Irazusta</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>AgeingOn Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Impact of COVID-19 Confinement on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour in Spanish University Students: Role of Gender.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Rodriguez Larrad, Ana" sort="Rodriguez Larrad, Ana" uniqKey="Rodriguez Larrad A" first="Ana" last="Rodríguez-Larrad">Ana Rodríguez-Larrad</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>AgeingOn Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ma As, Asier" sort="Ma As, Asier" uniqKey="Ma As A" first="Asier" last="Ma As">Asier Ma As</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>GENUD Toledo Research Group, Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Labayen, Idoia" sort="Labayen, Idoia" uniqKey="Labayen I" first="Idoia" last="Labayen">Idoia Labayen</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Health Sciences, Institute for Innovation & Sustainable Development in Food Chain (IS-FOOD), Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), Public University of Navarra, Campus de Arrosadía, 31006 Pamplona, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gonzalez Gross, Marcela" sort="Gonzalez Gross, Marcela" uniqKey="Gonzalez Gross M" first="Marcela" last="González-Gross">Marcela González-Gross</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Espin, Ander" sort="Espin, Ander" uniqKey="Espin A" first="Ander" last="Espin">Ander Espin</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>AgeingOn Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Aznar, Susana" sort="Aznar, Susana" uniqKey="Aznar S" first="Susana" last="Aznar">Susana Aznar</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>PAFS Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Serrano Sanchez, Jose Antonio" sort="Serrano Sanchez, Jose Antonio" uniqKey="Serrano Sanchez J" first="José Antonio" last="Serrano-Sánchez">José Antonio Serrano-Sánchez</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vera Garcia, Francisco J" sort="Vera Garcia, Francisco J" uniqKey="Vera Garcia F" first="Francisco J" last="Vera-Garcia">Francisco J. Vera-Garcia</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Sports Research Centre, Department of Sport Sciences, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gonzalez Lamu O, Domingo" sort="Gonzalez Lamu O, Domingo" uniqKey="Gonzalez Lamu O D" first="Domingo" last="González-Lamu O">Domingo González-Lamu O</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ara, Ignacio" sort="Ara, Ignacio" uniqKey="Ara I" first="Ignacio" last="Ara">Ignacio Ara</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>GENUD Toledo Research Group, Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Carrasco Paez, Luis" sort="Carrasco Paez, Luis" uniqKey="Carrasco Paez L" first="Luis" last="Carrasco-Páez">Luis Carrasco-Páez</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Seville, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Castro Pi Ero, Jose" sort="Castro Pi Ero, Jose" uniqKey="Castro Pi Ero J" first="José" last="Castro-Pi Ero">José Castro-Pi Ero</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, 11519 Puerto Real, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, 11009 Cádiz, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="G Mez Cabrera, Mari Carmen" sort="G Mez Cabrera, Mari Carmen" uniqKey="G Mez Cabrera M" first="Mari Carmen" last="G Mez-Cabrera">Mari Carmen G Mez-Cabrera</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>CIBERFES, Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Marquez, Sara" sort="Marquez, Sara" uniqKey="Marquez S" first="Sara" last="Márquez">Sara Márquez</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tur, Josep A" sort="Tur, Josep A" uniqKey="Tur J" first="Josep A" last="Tur">Josep A. Tur</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, University of the Balearic Islands, IDISBA & CIBEROBN, 07122 Palma, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gusi, Narcis" sort="Gusi, Narcis" uniqKey="Gusi N" first="Narcis" last="Gusi">Narcis Gusi</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Benito, Pedro J" sort="Benito, Pedro J" uniqKey="Benito P" first="Pedro J" last="Benito">Pedro J. Benito</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Moliner Urdiales, Diego" sort="Moliner Urdiales, Diego" uniqKey="Moliner Urdiales D" first="Diego" last="Moliner-Urdiales">Diego Moliner-Urdiales</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>LIFE Research Group, Department of Education and Specific Didactics, University Jaume I, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ruiz, Jonatan R" sort="Ruiz, Jonatan R" uniqKey="Ruiz J" first="Jonatan R" last="Ruiz">Jonatan R. Ruiz</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity" Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ortega, Francisco B" sort="Ortega, Francisco B" uniqKey="Ortega F" first="Francisco B" last="Ortega">Francisco B. Ortega</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity" Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jimenez Pav N, David" sort="Jimenez Pav N, David" uniqKey="Jimenez Pav N D" first="David" last="Jiménez-Pav N">David Jiménez-Pav N</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, 11009 Cádiz, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>MOVE-IT Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, 11519 Puerto Real, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Casajus, Jose Antonio" sort="Casajus, Jose Antonio" uniqKey="Casajus J" first="José Antonio" last="Casajús">José Antonio Casajús</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Irazusta, Jon" sort="Irazusta, Jon" uniqKey="Irazusta J" first="Jon" last="Irazusta">Jon Irazusta</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>AgeingOn Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">International journal of environmental research and public health</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1660-4601</idno>
<imprint><date when="2021" type="published">2021</date>
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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent (MeSH)</term>
<term>Adult (MeSH)</term>
<term>COVID-19 (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Exercise (MeSH)</term>
<term>Female (MeSH)</term>
<term>High-Intensity Interval Training (MeSH)</term>
<term>Humans (MeSH)</term>
<term>Male (MeSH)</term>
<term>Pandemics (MeSH)</term>
<term>Sedentary Behavior (MeSH)</term>
<term>Sex Factors (MeSH)</term>
<term>Spain (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Students (MeSH)</term>
<term>Surveys and Questionnaires (MeSH)</term>
<term>Universities (MeSH)</term>
<term>Yoga (MeSH)</term>
<term>Young Adult (MeSH)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Spain</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>COVID-19</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term>
<term>Adult</term>
<term>Exercise</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>High-Intensity Interval Training</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Male</term>
<term>Pandemics</term>
<term>Sedentary Behavior</term>
<term>Sex Factors</term>
<term>Students</term>
<term>Surveys and Questionnaires</term>
<term>Universities</term>
<term>Yoga</term>
<term>Young Adult</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">During the COVID-19 pandemic, entire populations were instructed to live in home-confinement to prevent the expansion of the disease. Spain was one of the countries with the strictest conditions, as outdoor physical activity was banned for nearly two months. This study aimed to analyse the changes in physical activity and sedentary behaviours in Spanish university students before and during the confinement by COVID-19 with special focus on gender. We also analysed enjoyment, the tools used and motivation and impediments for doing physical activity. An online questionnaire, which included the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form and certain "ad hoc" questions, was designed. Students were recruited by distributing an invitation through the administrative channels of 16 universities and a total of 13,754 valid surveys were collected. Overall, university students reduced moderate (-29.5%) and vigorous (-18.3%) physical activity during the confinement and increased sedentary time (+52.7%). However, they spent more time on high intensity interval training (HIIT) (+18.2%) and mind-body activities (e.g., yoga) (+80.0%). Adaptation to the confinement, in terms of physical activity, was handled better by women than by men. These results will help design strategies for each gender to promote physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour during confinement periods.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
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<DateCompleted><Year>2021</Year>
<Month>01</Month>
<Day>13</Day>
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<DateRevised><Year>2021</Year>
<Month>01</Month>
<Day>26</Day>
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<Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1660-4601</ISSN>
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<Issue>2</Issue>
<PubDate><Year>2021</Year>
<Month>01</Month>
<Day>06</Day>
</PubDate>
</JournalIssue>
<Title>International journal of environmental research and public health</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>Int J Environ Res Public Health</ISOAbbreviation>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>Impact of COVID-19 Confinement on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour in Spanish University Students: Role of Gender.</ArticleTitle>
<ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">E369</ELocationID>
<ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.3390/ijerph18020369</ELocationID>
<Abstract><AbstractText>During the COVID-19 pandemic, entire populations were instructed to live in home-confinement to prevent the expansion of the disease. Spain was one of the countries with the strictest conditions, as outdoor physical activity was banned for nearly two months. This study aimed to analyse the changes in physical activity and sedentary behaviours in Spanish university students before and during the confinement by COVID-19 with special focus on gender. We also analysed enjoyment, the tools used and motivation and impediments for doing physical activity. An online questionnaire, which included the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form and certain "ad hoc" questions, was designed. Students were recruited by distributing an invitation through the administrative channels of 16 universities and a total of 13,754 valid surveys were collected. Overall, university students reduced moderate (-29.5%) and vigorous (-18.3%) physical activity during the confinement and increased sedentary time (+52.7%). However, they spent more time on high intensity interval training (HIIT) (+18.2%) and mind-body activities (e.g., yoga) (+80.0%). Adaptation to the confinement, in terms of physical activity, was handled better by women than by men. These results will help design strategies for each gender to promote physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour during confinement periods.</AbstractText>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rodríguez-Larrad</LastName>
<ForeName>Ana</ForeName>
<Initials>A</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0003-0923-0788</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>AgeingOn Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mañas</LastName>
<ForeName>Asier</ForeName>
<Initials>A</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-1683-1365</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>GENUD Toledo Research Group, Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Labayen</LastName>
<ForeName>Idoia</ForeName>
<Initials>I</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-4334-3287</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Health Sciences, Institute for Innovation & Sustainable Development in Food Chain (IS-FOOD), Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), Public University of Navarra, Campus de Arrosadía, 31006 Pamplona, Spain.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>González-Gross</LastName>
<ForeName>Marcela</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0001-7757-3235</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Espin</LastName>
<ForeName>Ander</ForeName>
<Initials>A</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0003-1969-3057</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>AgeingOn Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Aznar</LastName>
<ForeName>Susana</ForeName>
<Initials>S</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0001-7054-436X</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>PAFS Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Serrano-Sánchez</LastName>
<ForeName>José Antonio</ForeName>
<Initials>JA</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Vera-Garcia</LastName>
<ForeName>Francisco J</ForeName>
<Initials>FJ</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0003-4792-8087</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Sports Research Centre, Department of Sport Sciences, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Spain.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>González-Lamuño</LastName>
<ForeName>Domingo</ForeName>
<Initials>D</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ara</LastName>
<ForeName>Ignacio</ForeName>
<Initials>I</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-2854-6684</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>GENUD Toledo Research Group, Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Carrasco-Páez</LastName>
<ForeName>Luis</ForeName>
<Initials>L</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Seville, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Castro-Piñero</LastName>
<ForeName>José</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-7353-0382</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, 11519 Puerto Real, Spain.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, 11009 Cádiz, Spain.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gómez-Cabrera</LastName>
<ForeName>Mari Carmen</ForeName>
<Initials>MC</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0003-4000-1684</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>CIBERFES, Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Márquez</LastName>
<ForeName>Sara</ForeName>
<Initials>S</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0001-7140-3163</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tur</LastName>
<ForeName>Josep A</ForeName>
<Initials>JA</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-6940-0761</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, University of the Balearic Islands, IDISBA & CIBEROBN, 07122 Palma, Spain.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gusi</LastName>
<ForeName>Narcis</ForeName>
<Initials>N</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-1001-8883</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Benito</LastName>
<ForeName>Pedro J</ForeName>
<Initials>PJ</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-1631-8182</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Moliner-Urdiales</LastName>
<ForeName>Diego</ForeName>
<Initials>D</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0001-9868-3396</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>LIFE Research Group, Department of Education and Specific Didactics, University Jaume I, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ruiz</LastName>
<ForeName>Jonatan R</ForeName>
<Initials>JR</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-7548-7138</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity" Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ortega</LastName>
<ForeName>Francisco B</ForeName>
<Initials>FB</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0003-2001-1121</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity" Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jiménez-Pavón</LastName>
<ForeName>David</ForeName>
<Initials>D</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-8977-4744</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, 11009 Cádiz, Spain.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>MOVE-IT Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, 11519 Puerto Real, Spain.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Casajús</LastName>
<ForeName>José Antonio</ForeName>
<Initials>JA</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-7215-6931</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Irazusta</LastName>
<ForeName>Jon</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-6763-8602</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>AgeingOn Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
</AuthorList>
<Language>eng</Language>
<GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>45/UPB/20</GrantID>
<Agency>Consejo Superior de Deportes, CSD</Agency>
<Country>International</Country>
</Grant>
<Grant><GrantID>PRE_2019_1_0373</GrantID>
<Agency>Eusko Jaurlaritza</Agency>
<Country>International</Country>
</Grant>
<Grant><GrantID>RYC-2014-16938</GrantID>
<Agency>Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation - MINECO</Agency>
<Country>International</Country>
</Grant>
</GrantList>
<PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType>
<PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType>
</PublicationTypeList>
<ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2021</Year>
<Month>01</Month>
<Day>06</Day>
</ArticleDate>
</Article>
<MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Switzerland</Country>
<MedlineTA>Int J Environ Res Public Health</MedlineTA>
<NlmUniqueID>101238455</NlmUniqueID>
<ISSNLinking>1660-4601</ISSNLinking>
</MedlineJournalInfo>
<CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset>
<MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000293" MajorTopicYN="N">Adolescent</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000086382" MajorTopicYN="N">COVID-19</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="Y">epidemiology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015444" MajorTopicYN="Y">Exercise</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000072696" MajorTopicYN="N">High-Intensity Interval Training</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D058873" MajorTopicYN="Y">Pandemics</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D057185" MajorTopicYN="Y">Sedentary Behavior</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012737" MajorTopicYN="N">Sex Factors</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013030" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Spain</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013334" MajorTopicYN="N">Students</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011795" MajorTopicYN="N">Surveys and Questionnaires</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014495" MajorTopicYN="N">Universities</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015013" MajorTopicYN="N">Yoga</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D055815" MajorTopicYN="N">Young Adult</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
</MeshHeadingList>
<KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">international physical activity questionnaire</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">lockdown</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">pandemic</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">physical exercise</Keyword>
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