Influenza guideline for South Africa--update 2008.
Identifieur interne : 000252 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 000251; suivant : 000253Influenza guideline for South Africa--update 2008.
Auteurs : R J Green ; C. Feldman ; B. Schoub ; G A Richards ; S A Madhi ; H J Zar ; U. Lalloo ; K. Klugman ; D. Phillips ; N A Cameron ; R R EggersSource :
- South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde [ 0256-9574 ] ; 2008.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adolescent, Adult, Amantadine (administration & dosage), Antiviral Agents (administration & dosage), Child, Child, Preschool, Contraindications, Humans, Infant, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype (immunology), Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype (immunology), Influenza B virus (immunology), Influenza Vaccines (administration & dosage), Influenza, Human (prevention & control), Rimantadine (administration & dosage), South Africa (epidemiology), Vaccination.
- MESH :
- chemical , administration & dosage : Amantadine, Antiviral Agents, Influenza Vaccines, Rimantadine.
- epidemiology : South Africa.
- immunology : Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype, Influenza B virus.
- prevention & control : Influenza, Human.
- Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, Contraindications, Humans, Infant, Vaccination.
Abstract
The South African Thoracic Society, in conjunction with interested stakeholders, published a Guideline for Influenza Management in Adults in 1999. This year the South African Thoracic Society (SATS) identified the need to revise that guideline for the following reasons: * To indicate the viral strains that are to be incorporated into the vaccine for the 2008 season * To add important new data regarding treatment of influenza * To add a section on influenza in children * To clarify issues in managing and preventing influenza in HIV-infected individuals.
PubMed: 18652399
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pubmed:18652399Le document en format XML
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Schoub</name></author><author><name sortKey="Richards, G A" sort="Richards, G A" uniqKey="Richards G" first="G A" last="Richards">G A Richards</name></author><author><name sortKey="Madhi, S A" sort="Madhi, S A" uniqKey="Madhi S" first="S A" last="Madhi">S A Madhi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zar, H J" sort="Zar, H J" uniqKey="Zar H" first="H J" last="Zar">H J Zar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lalloo, U" sort="Lalloo, U" uniqKey="Lalloo U" first="U" last="Lalloo">U. Lalloo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Klugman, K" sort="Klugman, K" uniqKey="Klugman K" first="K" last="Klugman">K. Klugman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Phillips, D" sort="Phillips, D" uniqKey="Phillips D" first="D" last="Phillips">D. Phillips</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cameron, N A" sort="Cameron, N A" uniqKey="Cameron N" first="N A" last="Cameron">N A Cameron</name></author><author><name sortKey="Eggers, R R" sort="Eggers, R R" uniqKey="Eggers R" first="R R" last="Eggers">R R Eggers</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2008">2008</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:18652399</idno><idno type="pmid">18652399</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000252</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000252</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Influenza guideline for South Africa--update 2008.</title><author><name sortKey="Green, R J" sort="Green, R J" uniqKey="Green R" first="R J" last="Green">R J Green</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria. robin.green@up.ac.za</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Feldman, C" sort="Feldman, C" uniqKey="Feldman C" first="C" last="Feldman">C. Feldman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schoub, B" sort="Schoub, B" uniqKey="Schoub B" first="B" last="Schoub">B. Schoub</name></author><author><name sortKey="Richards, G A" sort="Richards, G A" uniqKey="Richards G" first="G A" last="Richards">G A Richards</name></author><author><name sortKey="Madhi, S A" sort="Madhi, S A" uniqKey="Madhi S" first="S A" last="Madhi">S A Madhi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zar, H J" sort="Zar, H J" uniqKey="Zar H" first="H J" last="Zar">H J Zar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lalloo, U" sort="Lalloo, U" uniqKey="Lalloo U" first="U" last="Lalloo">U. Lalloo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Klugman, K" sort="Klugman, K" uniqKey="Klugman K" first="K" last="Klugman">K. Klugman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Phillips, D" sort="Phillips, D" uniqKey="Phillips D" first="D" last="Phillips">D. Phillips</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cameron, N A" sort="Cameron, N A" uniqKey="Cameron N" first="N A" last="Cameron">N A Cameron</name></author><author><name sortKey="Eggers, R R" sort="Eggers, R R" uniqKey="Eggers R" first="R R" last="Eggers">R R Eggers</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde</title><idno type="ISSN">0256-9574</idno><imprint><date when="2008" type="published">2008</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Amantadine (administration & dosage)</term><term>Antiviral Agents (administration & dosage)</term><term>Child</term><term>Child, Preschool</term><term>Contraindications</term><term>Humans</term><term>Infant</term><term>Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype (immunology)</term><term>Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype (immunology)</term><term>Influenza B virus (immunology)</term><term>Influenza Vaccines (administration & dosage)</term><term>Influenza, Human (prevention & control)</term><term>Rimantadine (administration & dosage)</term><term>South Africa (epidemiology)</term><term>Vaccination</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="administration & dosage" xml:lang="en"><term>Amantadine</term><term>Antiviral Agents</term><term>Influenza Vaccines</term><term>Rimantadine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>South Africa</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype</term><term>Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype</term><term>Influenza B virus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prevention & control" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza, Human</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Child</term><term>Child, Preschool</term><term>Contraindications</term><term>Humans</term><term>Infant</term><term>Vaccination</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The South African Thoracic Society, in conjunction with interested stakeholders, published a Guideline for Influenza Management in Adults in 1999. This year the South African Thoracic Society (SATS) identified the need to revise that guideline for the following reasons: * To indicate the viral strains that are to be incorporated into the vaccine for the 2008 season * To add important new data regarding treatment of influenza * To add a section on influenza in children * To clarify issues in managing and preventing influenza in HIV-infected individuals.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">18652399</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2008</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>05</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2017</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>16</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">0256-9574</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>98</Volume><Issue>3 Pt 2</Issue><PubDate><Year>2008</Year><Month>Mar</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde</Title><ISOAbbreviation>S. Afr. Med. J.</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Influenza guideline for South Africa--update 2008.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>224-30</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVE" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">The South African Thoracic Society, in conjunction with interested stakeholders, published a Guideline for Influenza Management in Adults in 1999. This year the South African Thoracic Society (SATS) identified the need to revise that guideline for the following reasons: * To indicate the viral strains that are to be incorporated into the vaccine for the 2008 season * To add important new data regarding treatment of influenza * To add a section on influenza in children * To clarify issues in managing and preventing influenza in HIV-infected individuals.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="INFLUENZA VIRUS" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">The influenza virus genus belongs to the family orthomyxoviridae. The haemagglutinin (HA) protein is the outermost protein, responsible for attachment to the host receptor, and is critical in determining the host's immune response to the virus. Changes in the antigenic epitopes of HA therefore allow the virus to escape the host's specific immune response. The genus is classified into three types, A, B and C, on the basis of the antigenic epitopes of the nucleoprotein (NP). Type A, which is widespread in nature in birds and mammals, is the most important type clinically and epidemiologically. It is further divided into subtypes on the basis of the antigenic epitopes of the HA and neuraminidase (NA) proteins. Each of the human subtypes H1N1, H2N2 and H3N2 are further subdivided into strains on the basis of more subtle antigenic properties of the HA protein.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="INFLUENZA VACCINATION" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">Influenza vaccine is the mainstay of influenza prevention strategies. All persons who are at high risk of influenza and its complications because of underlying medical conditions or who are receiving regular medical care for conditions such as chronic pulmonary and cardiac disease, chronic renal diseases, neuromuscular diseases, diabetes mellitus and similar metabolic disorders, and individuals who are immunosuppressed (including HIV-infected persons with CD4 counts above 100 cells/microl and HIV-infected children with CD4 counts >15%), should be vaccinated. Vaccines should be given from at least 2 months prior to the onset of autumn (March in South Africa). The recommended vaccine formulation for 2008 is: * A/Solomon Islands/3/2006 (H1N1) (IVR-145) * A/Brisbane/10/2007 (H3N2) (IVR-147) * B/Florida/4/2006 or B/Brisbane/3/2007.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="TREATMENT OF INFLUENZA" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">Influenza illness is characterised by the acute onset of systemic and respiratory signs occurring in autumn or winter. Recommendations for the Prevention and Control of Influenza have indicated that neither amantadine nor rimantadine should be used for the treatment or chemoprophylaxis of influenza A. NA inhibitors are an important adjunct to influenza vaccination, in both the prevention and treatment of influenza. Because of concerns about the possibility of the development of viral resistance with overuse of these agents, it is recommended that NA inhibitors in the treatment of influenza should be reserved for high-risk or sicker influenza patients.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Green</LastName><ForeName>R J</ForeName><Initials>RJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria. robin.green@up.ac.za</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Feldman</LastName><ForeName>C</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Schoub</LastName><ForeName>B</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Richards</LastName><ForeName>G A</ForeName><Initials>GA</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Madhi</LastName><ForeName>S A</ForeName><Initials>SA</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zar</LastName><ForeName>H J</ForeName><Initials>HJ</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lalloo</LastName><ForeName>U</ForeName><Initials>U</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><CollectiveName>Guideline Committee of 1999</CollectiveName></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Klugman</LastName><ForeName>K</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Phillips</LastName><ForeName>D</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cameron</LastName><ForeName>N A</ForeName><Initials>NA</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Eggers</LastName><ForeName>R R</ForeName><Initials>RR</Initials></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D017065">Practice Guideline</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>South Africa</Country><MedlineTA>S Afr Med J</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>0404520</NlmUniqueID></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000998">Antiviral Agents</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D007252">Influenza Vaccines</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0T2EF4JQTU</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D012299">Rimantadine</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>BF4C9Z1J53</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000547">Amantadine</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000293" MajorTopicYN="N">Adolescent</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000547" MajorTopicYN="N">Amantadine</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000008" MajorTopicYN="N">administration & dosage</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000998" MajorTopicYN="N">Antiviral Agents</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000008" MajorTopicYN="Y">administration & dosage</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002648" MajorTopicYN="N">Child</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002675" MajorTopicYN="N">Child, Preschool</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000075202" MajorTopicYN="N">Contraindications</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007223" MajorTopicYN="N">Infant</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D053118" MajorTopicYN="N">Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D053122" MajorTopicYN="N">Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009981" MajorTopicYN="N">Influenza B virus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007252" MajorTopicYN="N">Influenza Vaccines</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000008" MajorTopicYN="Y">administration & dosage</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007251" MajorTopicYN="N">Influenza, Human</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000517" MajorTopicYN="Y">prevention & control</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012299" MajorTopicYN="N">Rimantadine</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000008" MajorTopicYN="N">administration & dosage</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013019" MajorTopicYN="N">South Africa</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014611" MajorTopicYN="N">Vaccination</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><NumberOfReferences>31</NumberOfReferences><InvestigatorList><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Milne</LastName><ForeName>J</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Martin</LastName><ForeName>D J</ForeName><Initials>DJ</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Schoub</LastName><ForeName>B</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Karstaedt</LastName><ForeName>A S</ForeName><Initials>AS</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Waner</LastName><ForeName>S</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Maartens</LastName><ForeName>G</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Smego</LastName><ForeName>R</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cole</LastName><ForeName>P</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Maartens</LastName><ForeName>G</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wood</LastName><ForeName>R</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bateman</LastName><ForeName>E D</ForeName><Initials>ED</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Smego</LastName><ForeName>R</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Martin</LastName><ForeName>D J</ForeName><Initials>DJ</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Greenblatt</LastName><ForeName>M</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lalloo</LastName><ForeName>U G</ForeName><Initials>UG</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Waner</LastName><ForeName>S</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bothma</LastName><ForeName>J</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Geffen</LastName><ForeName>L</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Feldman</LastName><ForeName>C</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lalloo</LastName><ForeName>U</ForeName><Initials>U</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Green</LastName><ForeName>R</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Muller</LastName><ForeName>G</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Murphy</LastName><ForeName>J</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials></Investigator><Investigator 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