Influenza viruses and the evolution of avian influenza virus H5N1
Identifieur interne : 000D74 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000D73; suivant : 000D75Influenza viruses and the evolution of avian influenza virus H5N1
Auteurs : Nedaa Skeik [États-Unis] ; Fadi I. Jabr [États-Unis]Source :
- International Journal of Infectious Diseases [ 1201-9712 ] ; 2007.
Abstract
Although small in size and simple in structure, influenza viruses are sophisticated organisms with highly mutagenic genomes and wide antigenic diversity. They are species-specific organisms. Mutation and reassortment have resulted in newer viruses such as H5N1, with new resistance against anti-viral medications, and this might lead to the emergence of a fully transmissible strain, as occurred in the 1957 and 1968 pandemics. Influenza viruses are no longer just a cause of self-limited upper respiratory tract infections; the H5N1 avian influenza virus can cause severe human infection with a mortality rate exceeding 50%. The case death rate of H5N1 avian influenza infection is 20 times higher than that of the 1918 infection (50% versus 2.5%), which killed 675 000 people in the USA and almost 40 million people worldwide. While the clock is still ticking towards what seems to be inevitable pandemic influenza, on April 17, 2007 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first vaccine against the avian influenza virus H5N1 for humans at high risk. However, more research is needed to develop a more effective and affordable vaccine that can be given at lower doses.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2007.07.002
PubMed: 17913533
PubMed Central: 7110774
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Jabr</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Internal Medicine, Health Associates of Peace Harbor, Florence, Oregon, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Internal Medicine, Health Associates of Peace Harbor, Florence, Oregon</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">17913533</idno><idno type="pmc">7110774</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7110774</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:7110774</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.ijid.2007.07.002</idno><date when="2007">2007</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000D74</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000D74</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000D74</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000D74</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Influenza viruses and the evolution of avian influenza virus H5N1</title><author><name sortKey="Skeik, Nedaa" sort="Skeik, Nedaa" uniqKey="Skeik N" first="Nedaa" last="Skeik">Nedaa Skeik</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">St. Mary's Regional Medical Center, Sabattus Street Internal Medicine Clinic, 963 Sabattus Street, Lewiston, ME 04240, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>St. Mary's Regional Medical Center, Sabattus Street Internal Medicine Clinic, 963 Sabattus Street, Lewiston, ME 04240</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jabr, Fadi I" sort="Jabr, Fadi I" uniqKey="Jabr F" first="Fadi I." last="Jabr">Fadi I. Jabr</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Internal Medicine, Health Associates of Peace Harbor, Florence, Oregon, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Internal Medicine, Health Associates of Peace Harbor, Florence, Oregon</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">International Journal of Infectious Diseases</title><idno type="ISSN">1201-9712</idno><idno type="eISSN">1878-3511</idno><imprint><date when="2007">2007</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>Summary</title><p>Although small in size and simple in structure, influenza viruses are sophisticated organisms with highly mutagenic genomes and wide antigenic diversity. They are species-specific organisms. Mutation and reassortment have resulted in newer viruses such as H5N1, with new resistance against anti-viral medications, and this might lead to the emergence of a fully transmissible strain, as occurred in the 1957 and 1968 pandemics. Influenza viruses are no longer just a cause of self-limited upper respiratory tract infections; the H5N1 avian influenza virus can cause severe human infection with a mortality rate exceeding 50%. The case death rate of H5N1 avian influenza infection is 20 times higher than that of the 1918 infection (50% versus 2.5%), which killed 675 000 people in the USA and almost 40 million people worldwide. While the clock is still ticking towards what seems to be inevitable pandemic influenza, on April 17, 2007 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first vaccine against the avian influenza virus H5N1 for humans at high risk. However, more research is needed to develop a more effective and affordable vaccine that can be given at lower doses.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dolin, R" uniqKey="Dolin R">R. Dolin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Webster, R G" uniqKey="Webster R">R.G. Webster</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bean, W J" uniqKey="Bean W">W.J. Bean</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gorman, O T" uniqKey="Gorman O">O.T. Gorman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chambers, T M" uniqKey="Chambers T">T.M. Chambers</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kawaoka, Y" uniqKey="Kawaoka Y">Y. Kawaoka</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cox, N J" uniqKey="Cox N">N.J. Cox</name></author><author><name sortKey="Subbarao, K" uniqKey="Subbarao K">K. 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Int J Infect Dis</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Int. J. Infect. Dis</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>International Journal of Infectious Diseases</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1201-9712</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1878-3511</issn><publisher><publisher-name>International Society for Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">17913533</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">7110774</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">S1201-9712(07)00153-1</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.ijid.2007.07.002</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Influenza viruses and the evolution of avian influenza virus H5N1</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Skeik</surname><given-names>Nedaa</given-names></name><email>nskeik@yahoo.com</email><xref rid="aff1" ref-type="aff">a</xref><xref rid="cor1" ref-type="corresp">⁎</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Jabr</surname><given-names>Fadi I.</given-names></name><xref rid="aff2" ref-type="aff">b</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><label>a</label>St. Mary's Regional Medical Center, Sabattus Street Internal Medicine Clinic, 963 Sabattus Street, Lewiston, ME 04240, USA</aff><aff id="aff2"><label>b</label>Internal Medicine, Health Associates of Peace Harbor, Florence, Oregon, USA</aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><label>⁎</label>Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 207 344 5154; fax: +1 207 777 5656. <email>nskeik@yahoo.com</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>2</day><month>10</month><year>2007</year></pub-date><pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on .</pmc-comment>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>5</month><year>2008</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>2</day><month>10</month><year>2007</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>233</fpage><lpage>238</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>27</day><month>4</month><year>2007</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>21</day><month>7</month><year>2007</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>24</day><month>7</month><year>2007</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2007 International Society for Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2007</copyright-year><copyright-holder>International Society for Infectious Diseases</copyright-holder><license><license-p>Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><title>Summary</title><p>Although small in size and simple in structure, influenza viruses are sophisticated organisms with highly mutagenic genomes and wide antigenic diversity. They are species-specific organisms. Mutation and reassortment have resulted in newer viruses such as H5N1, with new resistance against anti-viral medications, and this might lead to the emergence of a fully transmissible strain, as occurred in the 1957 and 1968 pandemics. Influenza viruses are no longer just a cause of self-limited upper respiratory tract infections; the H5N1 avian influenza virus can cause severe human infection with a mortality rate exceeding 50%. The case death rate of H5N1 avian influenza infection is 20 times higher than that of the 1918 infection (50% versus 2.5%), which killed 675 000 people in the USA and almost 40 million people worldwide. While the clock is still ticking towards what seems to be inevitable pandemic influenza, on April 17, 2007 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first vaccine against the avian influenza virus H5N1 for humans at high risk. However, more research is needed to develop a more effective and affordable vaccine that can be given at lower doses.</p></abstract><kwd-group><title>Keywords</title><kwd>Influenza viruses</kwd><kwd>H5N1 influenza virus</kwd><kwd>Human infection</kwd><kwd>Transmission</kwd><kwd>Treatment</kwd><kwd>Prevention and vaccination</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta><notes><p><bold>Corresponding Editor:</bold> Jane Zuckerman, London, UK</p></notes></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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