Heterologous Humoral Response against H5N1, H7N3, and H9N2 Avian Influenza Viruses after Seasonal Vaccination in a European Elderly Population
Identifieur interne : 000C30 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000C29; suivant : 000C31Heterologous Humoral Response against H5N1, H7N3, and H9N2 Avian Influenza Viruses after Seasonal Vaccination in a European Elderly Population
Auteurs : Ivan Sanz [Espagne] ; Silvia Rojo [Espagne] ; Sonia Tamames ; José María Eiros [Espagne] ; Raúl Ortiz De Lejarazu [Espagne]Source :
- Vaccines [ 2076-393X ] ; 2017.
Abstract
Avian influenza viruses are currently one of the main threats to human health in the world. Although there are some screening reports of antibodies against these viruses in humans from Western countries, most of these types of studies are conducted in poultry and market workers of Asian populations. The presence of antibodies against avian influenza viruses was evaluated in an elderly European population. An experimental study was conducted, including pre- and post-vaccine serum samples obtained from 174 elderly people vaccinated with seasonal influenza vaccines of 2006–2007, 2008–2009, 2009–2010, and 2010–2011 Northern Hemisphere vaccine campaigns. The presence of antibodies against A/H5N1, A/H7N3, and A/H9N2 avian influenza viruses were tested by using haemaglutination inhibition assays. Globally, heterotypic antibodies were found before vaccination in 2.9% of individuals against A/H5N1, 1.2% against A/H7N3, and 25.9% against A/H9N2. These pre-vaccination antibodies were present at titers ≥1/40 in 1.1% of individuals against A/H5N1, in 1.1% against H7N3, and in 0.6% against the A/H9N2 subtype. One 76 year-old male showed pre-vaccine antibodies (Abs) against those three avian influenza viruses, and another three individuals presented Abs against two different viruses. Seasonal influenza vaccination induced a significant number of heterotypic seroconversions against A/H5N1 (14.4%) and A/H9N2 (10.9%) viruses, but only one seroconversion was observed against the A/H7N3 subtype. After vaccination, four individuals showed Abs titers ≥1/40 against those three avian viruses, and 55 individuals against both A/H5N1 and A/H9N2. Seasonal vaccination is able to induce some weak heterotypic responses to viruses of avian origin in elderly individuals with no previous exposure to them. However, this response did not accomplish the European Medicament Agency criteria for influenza vaccine efficacy. The results of this study show that seasonal vaccines induce a broad response of heterotypic antibodies against avian influenza viruses, albeit at a low level.
Url:
DOI: 10.3390/vaccines5030017
PubMed: 28714923
PubMed Central: 5620548
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Heterologous Humoral Response against H5N1, H7N3, and H9N2 Avian Influenza Viruses after Seasonal Vaccination in a European Elderly Population</title><author><name sortKey="Sanz, Ivan" sort="Sanz, Ivan" uniqKey="Sanz I" first="Ivan" last="Sanz">Ivan Sanz</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-vaccines-05-00017">Valladolid National Influenza Centre, Avenida Ramón y Cajal s/n, 47005 Valladolid, Spain;<email>srojor@saludcastillayleon.es</email> (S.R.);<email>jmeirosbouza@gmail.com</email> (J.M.E.);<email>rortizdelejarazu@saludcastillayleon.es</email> (R.O.d.L.)</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af2-vaccines-05-00017">Microbiology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Avenida Ramón y Cajal s/n, 47005 Valladolid, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Microbiology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Avenida Ramón y Cajal s/n, 47005 Valladolid</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rojo, Silvia" sort="Rojo, Silvia" uniqKey="Rojo S" first="Silvia" last="Rojo">Silvia Rojo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-vaccines-05-00017">Valladolid National Influenza Centre, Avenida Ramón y Cajal s/n, 47005 Valladolid, Spain;<email>srojor@saludcastillayleon.es</email> (S.R.);<email>jmeirosbouza@gmail.com</email> (J.M.E.);<email>rortizdelejarazu@saludcastillayleon.es</email> (R.O.d.L.)</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af2-vaccines-05-00017">Microbiology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Avenida Ramón y Cajal s/n, 47005 Valladolid, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Microbiology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Avenida Ramón y Cajal s/n, 47005 Valladolid</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tamames, Sonia" sort="Tamames, Sonia" uniqKey="Tamames S" first="Sonia" 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Sanz</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-vaccines-05-00017">Valladolid National Influenza Centre, Avenida Ramón y Cajal s/n, 47005 Valladolid, Spain;<email>srojor@saludcastillayleon.es</email> (S.R.);<email>jmeirosbouza@gmail.com</email> (J.M.E.);<email>rortizdelejarazu@saludcastillayleon.es</email> (R.O.d.L.)</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af2-vaccines-05-00017">Microbiology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Avenida Ramón y Cajal s/n, 47005 Valladolid, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Microbiology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Avenida Ramón y Cajal s/n, 47005 Valladolid</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rojo, Silvia" sort="Rojo, Silvia" uniqKey="Rojo S" first="Silvia" last="Rojo">Silvia Rojo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-vaccines-05-00017">Valladolid National Influenza Centre, Avenida Ramón y Cajal s/n, 47005 Valladolid, Spain;<email>srojor@saludcastillayleon.es</email> (S.R.);<email>jmeirosbouza@gmail.com</email> (J.M.E.);<email>rortizdelejarazu@saludcastillayleon.es</email> (R.O.d.L.)</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af2-vaccines-05-00017">Microbiology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Avenida Ramón y Cajal s/n, 47005 Valladolid, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Microbiology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Avenida Ramón y Cajal s/n, 47005 Valladolid</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tamames, Sonia" sort="Tamames, Sonia" uniqKey="Tamames S" first="Sonia" last="Tamames">Sonia Tamames</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3-vaccines-05-00017">Consejería de Sanidad, Junta de Castilla y León, Paseo de Zorrilla 1, 47007 Valladolid, Spain;<email>TamGomSo@jcyl.es</email></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eiros, Jose Maria" sort="Eiros, Jose Maria" uniqKey="Eiros J" first="José María" last="Eiros">José María Eiros</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-vaccines-05-00017">Valladolid National Influenza Centre, Avenida Ramón y Cajal s/n, 47005 Valladolid, Spain;<email>srojor@saludcastillayleon.es</email> (S.R.);<email>jmeirosbouza@gmail.com</email> (J.M.E.);<email>rortizdelejarazu@saludcastillayleon.es</email> (R.O.d.L.)</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af4-vaccines-05-00017">Microbiology Service, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Calle Dulzaina 2, 47012 Valladolid, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Microbiology Service, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Calle Dulzaina 2, 47012 Valladolid</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ortiz De Lejarazu, Raul" sort="Ortiz De Lejarazu, Raul" uniqKey="Ortiz De Lejarazu R" first="Raúl" last="Ortiz De Lejarazu">Raúl Ortiz De Lejarazu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-vaccines-05-00017">Valladolid National Influenza Centre, Avenida Ramón y Cajal s/n, 47005 Valladolid, Spain;<email>srojor@saludcastillayleon.es</email> (S.R.);<email>jmeirosbouza@gmail.com</email> (J.M.E.);<email>rortizdelejarazu@saludcastillayleon.es</email> (R.O.d.L.)</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af2-vaccines-05-00017">Microbiology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Avenida Ramón y Cajal s/n, 47005 Valladolid, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Microbiology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Avenida Ramón y Cajal s/n, 47005 Valladolid</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Vaccines</title><idno type="eISSN">2076-393X</idno><imprint><date when="2017">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Avian influenza viruses are currently one of the main threats to human health in the world. Although there are some screening reports of antibodies against these viruses in humans from Western countries, most of these types of studies are conducted in poultry and market workers of Asian populations. The presence of antibodies against avian influenza viruses was evaluated in an elderly European population. An experimental study was conducted, including pre- and post-vaccine serum samples obtained from 174 elderly people vaccinated with seasonal influenza vaccines of 2006–2007, 2008–2009, 2009–2010, and 2010–2011 Northern Hemisphere vaccine campaigns. The presence of antibodies against A/H5N1, A/H7N3, and A/H9N2 avian influenza viruses were tested by using haemaglutination inhibition assays. Globally, heterotypic antibodies were found before vaccination in 2.9% of individuals against A/H5N1, 1.2% against A/H7N3, and 25.9% against A/H9N2. These pre-vaccination antibodies were present at titers ≥1/40 in 1.1% of individuals against A/H5N1, in 1.1% against H7N3, and in 0.6% against the A/H9N2 subtype. One 76 year-old male showed pre-vaccine antibodies (Abs) against those three avian influenza viruses, and another three individuals presented Abs against two different viruses. Seasonal influenza vaccination induced a significant number of heterotypic seroconversions against A/H5N1 (14.4%) and A/H9N2 (10.9%) viruses, but only one seroconversion was observed against the A/H7N3 subtype. After vaccination, four individuals showed Abs titers ≥1/40 against those three avian viruses, and 55 individuals against both A/H5N1 and A/H9N2. Seasonal vaccination is able to induce some weak heterotypic responses to viruses of avian origin in elderly individuals with no previous exposure to them. However, this response did not accomplish the European Medicament Agency criteria for influenza vaccine efficacy. The results of this study show that seasonal vaccines induce a broad response of heterotypic antibodies against avian influenza viruses, albeit at a low level.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nachbagauer, R" uniqKey="Nachbagauer R">R. Nachbagauer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Krammer, F" uniqKey="Krammer F">F. Krammer</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Krammer, F" uniqKey="Krammer F">F. Krammer</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Impagliazzo, A" uniqKey="Impagliazzo A">A. Impagliazzo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Milder, F" uniqKey="Milder F">F. Milder</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kuipers, H" uniqKey="Kuipers H">H. Kuipers</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wagner, M V" uniqKey="Wagner M">M.V. Wagner</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhu, X" uniqKey="Zhu X">X. 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Vaccines (Basel)</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Vaccines (Basel)</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vaccines</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Vaccines</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2076-393X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MDPI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">28714923</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">5620548</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3390/vaccines5030017</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">vaccines-05-00017</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Heterologous Humoral Response against H5N1, H7N3, and H9N2 Avian Influenza Viruses after Seasonal Vaccination in a European Elderly Population</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sanz</surname><given-names>Ivan</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-vaccines-05-00017">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af2-vaccines-05-00017">2</xref><xref rid="c1-vaccines-05-00017" ref-type="corresp">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rojo</surname><given-names>Silvia</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-vaccines-05-00017">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af2-vaccines-05-00017">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tamames</surname><given-names>Sonia</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af3-vaccines-05-00017">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Eiros</surname><given-names>José María</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-vaccines-05-00017">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af4-vaccines-05-00017">4</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ortiz de Lejarazu</surname><given-names>Raúl</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-vaccines-05-00017">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af2-vaccines-05-00017">2</xref></contrib></contrib-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Krammer</surname><given-names>Florian</given-names></name><role>Academic Editor</role></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="af1-vaccines-05-00017"><label>1</label>Valladolid National Influenza Centre, Avenida Ramón y Cajal s/n, 47005 Valladolid, Spain;<email>srojor@saludcastillayleon.es</email> (S.R.);<email>jmeirosbouza@gmail.com</email> (J.M.E.);<email>rortizdelejarazu@saludcastillayleon.es</email> (R.O.d.L.)</aff><aff id="af2-vaccines-05-00017"><label>2</label>Microbiology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Avenida Ramón y Cajal s/n, 47005 Valladolid, Spain</aff><aff id="af3-vaccines-05-00017"><label>3</label>Consejería de Sanidad, Junta de Castilla y León, Paseo de Zorrilla 1, 47007 Valladolid, Spain;<email>TamGomSo@jcyl.es</email></aff><aff id="af4-vaccines-05-00017"><label>4</label>Microbiology Service, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Calle Dulzaina 2, 47012 Valladolid, Spain</aff><author-notes><corresp id="c1-vaccines-05-00017"><label>*</label>Correspondence: <email>isanzm@saludcastillayleon.es</email>; Tel.: +34-983420000 (ext. 86950)</corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>7</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><month>9</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>3</issue><elocation-id>17</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>30</day><month>5</month><year>2017</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>07</day><month>7</month><year>2017</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2017 by the authors.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><license license-type="open-access"><license-p>Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link>).</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>Avian influenza viruses are currently one of the main threats to human health in the world. Although there are some screening reports of antibodies against these viruses in humans from Western countries, most of these types of studies are conducted in poultry and market workers of Asian populations. The presence of antibodies against avian influenza viruses was evaluated in an elderly European population. An experimental study was conducted, including pre- and post-vaccine serum samples obtained from 174 elderly people vaccinated with seasonal influenza vaccines of 2006–2007, 2008–2009, 2009–2010, and 2010–2011 Northern Hemisphere vaccine campaigns. The presence of antibodies against A/H5N1, A/H7N3, and A/H9N2 avian influenza viruses were tested by using haemaglutination inhibition assays. Globally, heterotypic antibodies were found before vaccination in 2.9% of individuals against A/H5N1, 1.2% against A/H7N3, and 25.9% against A/H9N2. These pre-vaccination antibodies were present at titers ≥1/40 in 1.1% of individuals against A/H5N1, in 1.1% against H7N3, and in 0.6% against the A/H9N2 subtype. One 76 year-old male showed pre-vaccine antibodies (Abs) against those three avian influenza viruses, and another three individuals presented Abs against two different viruses. Seasonal influenza vaccination induced a significant number of heterotypic seroconversions against A/H5N1 (14.4%) and A/H9N2 (10.9%) viruses, but only one seroconversion was observed against the A/H7N3 subtype. After vaccination, four individuals showed Abs titers ≥1/40 against those three avian viruses, and 55 individuals against both A/H5N1 and A/H9N2. Seasonal vaccination is able to induce some weak heterotypic responses to viruses of avian origin in elderly individuals with no previous exposure to them. However, this response did not accomplish the European Medicament Agency criteria for influenza vaccine efficacy. The results of this study show that seasonal vaccines induce a broad response of heterotypic antibodies against avian influenza viruses, albeit at a low level.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>seasonal influenza vaccination</kwd><kwd>avian influenza viruses</kwd><kwd>cross-immunity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><floats-group><fig id="vaccines-05-00017-f001" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 1</label><caption><p>Percentage of the similarity between HA1 subunits of avian influenza viruses analyzed and those included in seasonal vaccines, as well as other influenza viruses of epidemiological interest. (<bold>A</bold>) Percentages of similarity against A/H5N1 avian influenza virus; (<bold>B</bold>) percentages of similarity against A/H7N3 avian influenza virus; (<bold>C</bold>) percentages of similarity against A/H9N2 avian influenza virus; and (<bold>D</bold>) the phylogenetic tree of the whole HA gene DNA sequence of avian influenza viruses, seasonal A influenza viruses, and other viruses of epidemiological interest.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="vaccines-05-00017-g001"></graphic></fig><table-wrap id="vaccines-05-00017-t001" orientation="portrait" position="float"><object-id pub-id-type="pii">vaccines-05-00017-t001_Table 1</object-id><label>Table 1</label><caption><p>A and B influenza strains included in the seasonal influenza vaccines administered to the cohorts, analyzed following the recommended vaccine composition for the Northern Hemisphere <sup>1</sup>.</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th rowspan="2" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-top:solid thin;border-bottom:solid thin" colspan="1">Type</th><th rowspan="2" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-top:solid thin;border-bottom:solid thin" colspan="1">Subtype</th><th colspan="4" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-top:solid thin;border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1">Influenza Vaccine Campaigns</th></tr><tr><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2006–2007</th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2008–2009</th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2009–2010</th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2010–2011</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td rowspan="3" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">H1N1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/New Caledonia/20/99</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/Brisbane/59/2007</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/Brisbane/59/2007</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Not included</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">H3N2</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/Wisconsin/67/2005</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/Brisbane/10/2007</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/Brisbane/10/2007</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/Victoria/201/2009</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">H1N1pdm09</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Not included</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Not included</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Not included</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/California/07/2009</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" colspan="1">B</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yamagata</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Not included</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">B/Florida/4/2006</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Not included</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Not included</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Victoria</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">B/Malaysia/2506/2004</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Not included</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">B/Brisbane/60/2008</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">B/Brisbane/60/2008</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn><p><sup>1</sup> World Health Organization (WHO) vaccine recommendations.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap id="vaccines-05-00017-t002" orientation="portrait" position="float"><object-id pub-id-type="pii">vaccines-05-00017-t002_Table 2</object-id><label>Table 2</label><caption><p>Number of seroconversions and seroconversion rate against avian influenza viruses after trivalent influenza vaccine shot in each vaccine campaign cohort.</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th rowspan="2" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-top:solid thin;border-bottom:solid thin" colspan="1">Vaccinated Cohorts</th><th colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-top:solid thin;border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1">A/H5N1</th><th colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-top:solid thin;border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1">A/H7N3</th><th colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-top:solid thin;border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1">A/H9N2</th></tr><tr><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SCn <sup>1</sup></th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SCR <sup>2</sup></th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SCn</th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SCR</th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SCn</th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SCR</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2006–2007</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">20.0</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.2</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">24.4</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2008–2009</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.3</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.0</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.0</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2009–2010</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.0</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.0</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.7</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2010–2011</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">27.9</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.0</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.0</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn><p><sup>1</sup> Number of seroconversions; <sup>2</sup> Seroconversion rate.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap id="vaccines-05-00017-t003" orientation="portrait" position="float"><object-id pub-id-type="pii">vaccines-05-00017-t003_Table 3</object-id><label>Table 3</label><caption><p>Geometric mean titers and CI 95% observed against avian influenza viruses before and after trivalent influenza vaccination in each vaccine campaign cohort.</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th rowspan="2" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-top:solid thin;border-bottom:solid thin" colspan="1">AIV <sup>1</sup></th><th rowspan="2" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-top:solid thin;border-bottom:solid thin" colspan="1">Input</th><th colspan="4" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-top:solid thin;border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1">Vaccinated Cohorts</th></tr><tr><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2006–2007</th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2008–2009</th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2009–2010</th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2010–2011</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/H5N1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Pre-vaccine GMT<sup>2</sup> (CI 95%)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.3 (4.9–6.0)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.9 (4.9–4.9)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.2 (4.9–5.8)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.3 (4.9–5.6)</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Post-vaccine GMT (CI 95%)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11.3 (8.4–15.9)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.5 (5.7–7.6)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.5 (7.0–10.5)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">14.0 (10.8–18.4)</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/H7N3</td><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Pre-vaccine GMT (CI 95%)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.3 (4.9–6.0)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.9 (4.9–4.9)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.2 (4.9–5.5)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.9 (4.9–4.9)</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Post-vaccine GMT (CI 95%)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.3 (4.9–6.0)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.9 (4.9–4.9)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.2 (4.9–5.5)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.3 (4.9–5.9)</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/H9N2</td><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Pre-vaccine GMT (CI 95%)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.1 (5.5–6.9)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.0 (5.4–6.6)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.7 (5.9–7.7)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.9 (5.4–6.4)</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Post-vaccine GMT (CI 95%)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">19.7 (14.0–29.4)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9.2 (7.6–11.2)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.9 (7.5–10.8)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.2 (6.9–10.0)</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn><p><sup>1</sup> Avian influenza virus; <sup>2</sup> Geometric mean titers.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap id="vaccines-05-00017-t004" orientation="portrait" position="float"><object-id pub-id-type="pii">vaccines-05-00017-t004_Table 4</object-id><label>Table 4</label><caption><p>Values of seroprotection rate, seroconversion rate, and geometric mean titer increase against avian influenza viruses after trivalent influenza vaccination in each vaccine campaign cohort.</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th rowspan="2" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-top:solid thin;border-bottom:solid thin" colspan="1">AIV <sup>1</sup></th><th rowspan="2" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-top:solid thin;border-bottom:solid thin" colspan="1">Input</th><th colspan="4" align="center" valign="middle" style="border-top:solid thin;border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1">Vaccinated Cohorts</th></tr><tr><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2006–2007</th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2008–2009</th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2009–2010</th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2010–2011</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/H5N1</td><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SPR <sup>2</sup></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">20.0</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.3</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9.3</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">27.9</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SCR <sup>3</sup></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">20.0</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.3</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.0</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">27.9</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">GMT increase</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.3</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.6</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.7</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/H7N3</td><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SPR</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.2</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.0</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.0</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.0</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SCR</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.0</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.0</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.0</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.0</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">GMT increase</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.0</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.0</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.0</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.1</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/H9N2</td><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SPR</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">28.9</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.0</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.0</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.0</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SCR</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">24.4</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.0</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.7</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.0</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">GMT increase</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.2</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.5</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.3</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.4</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn><p><sup>1</sup> Avian influenza virus; <sup>2</sup> Seroprotection rate; <sup>3</sup> Seroconversion rate.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap id="vaccines-05-00017-t005" orientation="portrait" position="float"><object-id pub-id-type="pii">vaccines-05-00017-t005_Table 5</object-id><label>Table 5</label><caption><p>Genetic similarity expressed as a percentage of similarity/100 of the HA1 subunit of the haemagglutinin gene between the different avian influenza viruses analyzed and those included in seasonal vaccines, as well as other influenza viruses of epidemiological interest.</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-top:solid thin;border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Influenza A Subtypes and Strains</th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-top:solid thin;border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/H1N1 (A/South_Carolina/1/18)</th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-top:solid thin;border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/H1N1pdm09 (A/California/07/2009)</th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-top:solid thin;border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/H2N2 (A/Albany/22/1957)</th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-top:solid thin;border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/H5N1 (A/VietNam/1194/2004)</th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-top:solid thin;border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/H7N3 (A/Canada/rv504/2004)</th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-top:solid thin;border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/H9N2 (A/Hong Kong/1074/1997)</th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-top:solid thin;border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/H3N2 (A/Brisbane/10/2007)</th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-top:solid thin;border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/H1N1 (A/Brisbane/59/2007)</th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-top:solid thin;border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/H1N1 (A/New_Caledonia/20/1999)</th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-top:solid thin;border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/H3N2 (A/Perth/16/2009)</th><th align="center" valign="middle" style="border-top:solid thin;border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/H3N2 (A/Wisconsin/67/2005)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/H1N1 (A/South_Carolina/1/18)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.000</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/H1N1pdm09 (A/California/07/2009)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.785</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.000</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/H2N2 (A/Albany/22/1957)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.439</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.416</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.000</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/H5N1 (A/VietNam/1194/2004)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.428</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.434</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.532</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.000</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/H7N3 (A/Canada/rv504/2004)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.101</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.013</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.128</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.133</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.000</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/H9N2 (A/Hong Kong/1074/1997)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.296</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.270</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.233</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.265</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.059</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.000</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/H3N2 (A/Brisbane/10/2007)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.089</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.088</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.090</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.073</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.212</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.087</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.000</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/H1N1 (A/Brisbane/59/2007)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.802</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.680</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.395</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.385</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.063</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.284</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.013</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.000</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/H1N1 (A/New Caledonia/20/1999)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.815</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.689</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.399</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.380</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.037</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.285</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.013</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.969</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.000</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/H3N2 (A/Perth/16/2009)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.082</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.076</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.082</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.082</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.211</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.089</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.988</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.000</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.000</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/H3N2 (A/Wisconsin/67/2005)</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.082</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.087</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.082</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.058</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.204</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.083</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.989</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.010</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.011</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.983</td><td align="center" valign="middle" style="border-bottom:solid thin" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.000</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap></floats-group></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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