Serological Response to the 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus for Disease Diagnosis and Estimating the Infection Rate in Thai Population
Identifieur interne : 000B20 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000B19; suivant : 000B21Serological Response to the 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus for Disease Diagnosis and Estimating the Infection Rate in Thai Population
Auteurs : Hatairat Lerdsamran [Thaïlande] ; Chakrarat Pittayawonganon [Thaïlande] ; Phisanu Pooruk [Thaïlande] ; Anek Mungaomklang [Thaïlande] ; Sopon Iamsirithaworn [Thaïlande] ; Prasert Thongcharoen [Thaïlande] ; Uraiwan Kositanont [Thaïlande] ; Prasert Auewarakul [Thaïlande] ; Kulkanya Chokephaibulkit [Thaïlande] ; Sineenat Oota [Thaïlande] ; Warin Pongkankham [Thaïlande] ; Patummal Silaporn [Thaïlande] ; Supaloek Komolsiri [Thaïlande] ; Pirom Noisumdaeng [Thaïlande] ; Tawee Chotpitayasunondh [Thaïlande] ; Chariya Sangsajja [Thaïlande] ; Witthawat Wiriyarat [Thaïlande] ; Suda Louisirirotchanakul [Thaïlande] ; Pilaipan Puthavathana [Thaïlande]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2011.
Abstract
Individuals infected with the 2009 pandemic virus A(H1N1) developed serological response which can be measured by hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) and microneutralization (microNT) assays.
MicroNT and HI assays for specific antibody to the 2009 pandemic virus were conducted in serum samples collected at the end of the first epidemic wave from various groups of Thai people: laboratory confirmed cases, blood donors and health care workers (HCW) in Bangkok and neighboring province, general population in the North and the South, as well as archival sera collected at pre- and post-vaccination from vaccinees who received influenza vaccine of the 2006 season. This study demonstrated that goose erythrocytes yielded comparable HI antibody titer as compared to turkey erythrocytes. In contrast to the standard protocol, our investigation found out the necessity to eliminate nonspecific inhibitor present in the test sera by receptor destroying enzyme (RDE) prior to performing microNT assay. The investigation in pre-pandemic serum samples showed that HI antibody was more specific to the 2009 pandemic virus than NT antibody. Based on data from pre-pandemic sera together with those from the laboratory confirmed cases, HI antibody titers ≥40 for adults and ≥20 for children could be used as the cut-off level to differentiate between the individuals with or without past infection by the 2009 pandemic virus.
Based on the cut-off criteria, the infection rates of 7 and 12.8% were estimated in blood donors and HCW, respectively after the first wave of the 2009 influenza pandemic. Among general population, the infection rate of 58.6% was found in children
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DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016164
PubMed: 21283570
PubMed Central: 3026791
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uniqKey="Thongcharoen P" first="Prasert" last="Thongcharoen">Prasert Thongcharoen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kositanont, Uraiwan" sort="Kositanont, Uraiwan" uniqKey="Kositanont U" first="Uraiwan" last="Kositanont">Uraiwan Kositanont</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Auewarakul, Prasert" sort="Auewarakul, Prasert" uniqKey="Auewarakul P" first="Prasert" last="Auewarakul">Prasert Auewarakul</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chokephaibulkit, Kulkanya" sort="Chokephaibulkit, Kulkanya" uniqKey="Chokephaibulkit K" first="Kulkanya" last="Chokephaibulkit">Kulkanya Chokephaibulkit</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><addr-line>Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oota, Sineenat" sort="Oota, Sineenat" uniqKey="Oota S" first="Sineenat" last="Oota">Sineenat Oota</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><addr-line>The National Blood Center, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>The National Blood Center, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pongkankham, Warin" sort="Pongkankham, Warin" uniqKey="Pongkankham W" first="Warin" last="Pongkankham">Warin Pongkankham</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><addr-line>Division of Preventive Medicine, Naval Medical Department, Royal Thai Navy, Chon Buri, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Preventive Medicine, Naval Medical Department, Royal Thai Navy, Chon Buri</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Silaporn, Patummal" sort="Silaporn, Patummal" uniqKey="Silaporn P" first="Patummal" last="Silaporn">Patummal Silaporn</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Bureau of Epidemiology, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Bureau of Epidemiology, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Komolsiri, Supaloek" sort="Komolsiri, Supaloek" uniqKey="Komolsiri S" first="Supaloek" last="Komolsiri">Supaloek Komolsiri</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Noisumdaeng, Pirom" sort="Noisumdaeng, Pirom" uniqKey="Noisumdaeng P" first="Pirom" last="Noisumdaeng">Pirom Noisumdaeng</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chotpitayasunondh, Tawee" sort="Chotpitayasunondh, Tawee" uniqKey="Chotpitayasunondh T" first="Tawee" last="Chotpitayasunondh">Tawee Chotpitayasunondh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff7"><addr-line>Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Ministry of Public Health, Bangkok, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Ministry of Public Health, Bangkok</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sangsajja, Chariya" sort="Sangsajja, Chariya" uniqKey="Sangsajja C" first="Chariya" last="Sangsajja">Chariya Sangsajja</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff8"><addr-line>Bamrasnaradura Infectious Disease Institute, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Bamrasnaradura Infectious Disease Institute, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wiriyarat, Witthawat" sort="Wiriyarat, Witthawat" uniqKey="Wiriyarat W" first="Witthawat" last="Wiriyarat">Witthawat Wiriyarat</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff9"><addr-line>Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Louisirirotchanakul, Suda" sort="Louisirirotchanakul, Suda" uniqKey="Louisirirotchanakul S" first="Suda" last="Louisirirotchanakul">Suda Louisirirotchanakul</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Puthavathana, Pilaipan" sort="Puthavathana, Pilaipan" uniqKey="Puthavathana P" first="Pilaipan" last="Puthavathana">Pilaipan Puthavathana</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">21283570</idno><idno type="pmc">3026791</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3026791</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3026791</idno><idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0016164</idno><date when="2011">2011</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000B20</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000B20</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000B20</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000B20</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Serological Response to the 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus for Disease Diagnosis and Estimating the Infection Rate in Thai Population</title><author><name sortKey="Lerdsamran, Hatairat" sort="Lerdsamran, Hatairat" uniqKey="Lerdsamran H" first="Hatairat" last="Lerdsamran">Hatairat Lerdsamran</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pittayawonganon, Chakrarat" sort="Pittayawonganon, Chakrarat" uniqKey="Pittayawonganon C" first="Chakrarat" last="Pittayawonganon">Chakrarat Pittayawonganon</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Bureau of Epidemiology, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Bureau of Epidemiology, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pooruk, Phisanu" sort="Pooruk, Phisanu" uniqKey="Pooruk P" first="Phisanu" last="Pooruk">Phisanu Pooruk</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mungaomklang, Anek" sort="Mungaomklang, Anek" uniqKey="Mungaomklang A" first="Anek" last="Mungaomklang">Anek Mungaomklang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Maharat Nakhonratchasima Hospital, Ministry of Public Health, Nakhonratchasima, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Maharat Nakhonratchasima Hospital, Ministry of Public Health, Nakhonratchasima</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Iamsirithaworn, Sopon" sort="Iamsirithaworn, Sopon" uniqKey="Iamsirithaworn S" first="Sopon" last="Iamsirithaworn">Sopon Iamsirithaworn</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Bureau of Epidemiology, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Bureau of Epidemiology, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thongcharoen, Prasert" sort="Thongcharoen, Prasert" uniqKey="Thongcharoen P" first="Prasert" last="Thongcharoen">Prasert Thongcharoen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kositanont, Uraiwan" sort="Kositanont, Uraiwan" uniqKey="Kositanont U" first="Uraiwan" last="Kositanont">Uraiwan Kositanont</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Auewarakul, Prasert" sort="Auewarakul, Prasert" uniqKey="Auewarakul P" first="Prasert" last="Auewarakul">Prasert Auewarakul</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chokephaibulkit, Kulkanya" sort="Chokephaibulkit, Kulkanya" uniqKey="Chokephaibulkit K" first="Kulkanya" last="Chokephaibulkit">Kulkanya Chokephaibulkit</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><addr-line>Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oota, Sineenat" sort="Oota, Sineenat" uniqKey="Oota S" first="Sineenat" last="Oota">Sineenat Oota</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><addr-line>The National Blood Center, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>The National Blood Center, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pongkankham, Warin" sort="Pongkankham, Warin" uniqKey="Pongkankham W" first="Warin" last="Pongkankham">Warin Pongkankham</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><addr-line>Division of Preventive Medicine, Naval Medical Department, Royal Thai Navy, Chon Buri, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Preventive Medicine, Naval Medical Department, Royal Thai Navy, Chon Buri</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Silaporn, Patummal" sort="Silaporn, Patummal" uniqKey="Silaporn P" first="Patummal" last="Silaporn">Patummal Silaporn</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Bureau of Epidemiology, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Bureau of Epidemiology, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Komolsiri, Supaloek" sort="Komolsiri, Supaloek" uniqKey="Komolsiri S" first="Supaloek" last="Komolsiri">Supaloek Komolsiri</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Noisumdaeng, Pirom" sort="Noisumdaeng, Pirom" uniqKey="Noisumdaeng P" first="Pirom" last="Noisumdaeng">Pirom Noisumdaeng</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chotpitayasunondh, Tawee" sort="Chotpitayasunondh, Tawee" uniqKey="Chotpitayasunondh T" first="Tawee" last="Chotpitayasunondh">Tawee Chotpitayasunondh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff7"><addr-line>Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Ministry of Public Health, Bangkok, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Ministry of Public Health, Bangkok</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sangsajja, Chariya" sort="Sangsajja, Chariya" uniqKey="Sangsajja C" first="Chariya" last="Sangsajja">Chariya Sangsajja</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff8"><addr-line>Bamrasnaradura Infectious Disease Institute, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Bamrasnaradura Infectious Disease Institute, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wiriyarat, Witthawat" sort="Wiriyarat, Witthawat" uniqKey="Wiriyarat W" first="Witthawat" last="Wiriyarat">Witthawat Wiriyarat</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff9"><addr-line>Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Louisirirotchanakul, Suda" sort="Louisirirotchanakul, Suda" uniqKey="Louisirirotchanakul S" first="Suda" last="Louisirirotchanakul">Suda Louisirirotchanakul</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Puthavathana, Pilaipan" sort="Puthavathana, Pilaipan" uniqKey="Puthavathana P" first="Pilaipan" last="Puthavathana">Pilaipan Puthavathana</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2011">2011</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Individuals infected with the 2009 pandemic virus A(H1N1) developed serological response which can be measured by hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) and microneutralization (microNT) assays.</p></sec><sec><title>Methodology/Principal Findings</title><p>MicroNT and HI assays for specific antibody to the 2009 pandemic virus were conducted in serum samples collected at the end of the first epidemic wave from various groups of Thai people: laboratory confirmed cases, blood donors and health care workers (HCW) in Bangkok and neighboring province, general population in the North and the South, as well as archival sera collected at pre- and post-vaccination from vaccinees who received influenza vaccine of the 2006 season. This study demonstrated that goose erythrocytes yielded comparable HI antibody titer as compared to turkey erythrocytes. In contrast to the standard protocol, our investigation found out the necessity to eliminate nonspecific inhibitor present in the test sera by receptor destroying enzyme (RDE) prior to performing microNT assay. The investigation in pre-pandemic serum samples showed that HI antibody was more specific to the 2009 pandemic virus than NT antibody. Based on data from pre-pandemic sera together with those from the laboratory confirmed cases, HI antibody titers ≥40 for adults and ≥20 for children could be used as the cut-off level to differentiate between the individuals with or without past infection by the 2009 pandemic virus.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions/Significance</title><p>Based on the cut-off criteria, the infection rates of 7 and 12.8% were estimated in blood donors and HCW, respectively after the first wave of the 2009 influenza pandemic. 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uniqKey="Limpakarnjanarat K">K Limpakarnjanarat</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pooruk, P" uniqKey="Pooruk P">P Pooruk</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kositanont, U" uniqKey="Kositanont U">U Kositanont</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wongsurakiat, P" uniqKey="Wongsurakiat P">P Wongsurakiat</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pooruk, P" uniqKey="Pooruk P">P Pooruk</name></author><author><name sortKey="Maranetra, N" uniqKey="Maranetra N">N Maranetra</name></author><author><name sortKey="Puthavathana, P" uniqKey="Puthavathana P">P Puthavathana</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kelly, H" uniqKey="Kelly H">H Kelly</name></author><author><name sortKey="Grant, K" uniqKey="Grant K">K Grant</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Garcia Garcia, L" uniqKey="Garcia Garcia L">L Garcia-Garcia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Valdespino 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Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Cps" uniqKey="Lee C">CPS Lee</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ross, T" uniqKey="Ross T">T Ross</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zimmer, S" uniqKey="Zimmer S">S Zimmer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Burke, D" uniqKey="Burke D">D Burke</name></author><author><name sortKey="Crevar, C" uniqKey="Crevar C">C Crevar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Carter, D" uniqKey="Carter D">D Carter</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">PLoS One</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">PLoS ONE</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">plos</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">plosone</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>PLoS ONE</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1932-6203</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Public Library of Science</publisher-name><publisher-loc>San Francisco, USA</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">21283570</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3026791</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">PONE-D-10-02834</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0016164</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Biology</subject><subj-group><subject>Immunology</subject><subj-group><subject>Immunity</subject><subj-group><subject>Humoral Immunity</subject></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Immune Response</subject></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Microbiology</subject><subj-group><subject>Virology</subject><subj-group><subject>Emerging Viral Diseases</subject><subject>Viral Disease Diagnosis</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Serological Response to the 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus for Disease Diagnosis and Estimating the Infection Rate in Thai Population</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">Serological Response to 2009 Pandemic Influenza</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lerdsamran</surname><given-names>Hatairat</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pittayawonganon</surname><given-names>Chakrarat</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pooruk</surname><given-names>Phisanu</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mungaomklang</surname><given-names>Anek</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>3</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Iamsirithaworn</surname><given-names>Sopon</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Thongcharoen</surname><given-names>Prasert</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kositanont</surname><given-names>Uraiwan</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Auewarakul</surname><given-names>Prasert</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chokephaibulkit</surname><given-names>Kulkanya</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>4</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Oota</surname><given-names>Sineenat</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"><sup>5</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pongkankham</surname><given-names>Warin</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"><sup>6</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Silaporn</surname><given-names>Patummal</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Komolsiri</surname><given-names>Supaloek</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Noisumdaeng</surname><given-names>Pirom</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chotpitayasunondh</surname><given-names>Tawee</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"><sup>7</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sangsajja</surname><given-names>Chariya</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8"><sup>8</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wiriyarat</surname><given-names>Witthawat</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9"><sup>9</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Louisirirotchanakul</surname><given-names>Suda</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Puthavathana</surname><given-names>Pilaipan</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><label>1</label><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff2"><label>2</label><addr-line>Bureau of Epidemiology, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff3"><label>3</label><addr-line>Maharat Nakhonratchasima Hospital, Ministry of Public Health, Nakhonratchasima, Thailand</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff4"><label>4</label><addr-line>Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff5"><label>5</label><addr-line>The National Blood Center, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff6"><label>6</label><addr-line>Division of Preventive Medicine, Naval Medical Department, Royal Thai Navy, Chon Buri, Thailand</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff7"><label>7</label><addr-line>Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Ministry of Public Health, Bangkok, Thailand</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff8"><label>8</label><addr-line>Bamrasnaradura Infectious Disease Institute, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff9"><label>9</label><addr-line>Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand</addr-line></aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Tripp</surname><given-names>Ralph</given-names></name><role>Editor</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="edit1"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="edit1">University of Georgia, United States of America</aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">* E-mail: <email>siput@mahidol.ac.th</email></corresp><fn fn-type="con"><p>Conceived and designed the experiments: P. Puthavathana. Performed the experiments: HL P. Pooruk SK PN. Analyzed the data: HL P. Puthavathana. Wrote the paper: P. Puthavathana HL SI. Specimen providers: CP AM SI PT UK PA KC SO WP PS TC CS SL. Processing on ethical issue: PA. Veterinarian: WW.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2011</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>1</month><year>2011</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>1</issue><elocation-id>e16164</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>24</day><month>9</month><year>2010</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>7</day><month>12</month><year>2010</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Lerdsamran et al.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2011</copyright-year><license xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><sec><title>Background</title><p>Individuals infected with the 2009 pandemic virus A(H1N1) developed serological response which can be measured by hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) and microneutralization (microNT) assays.</p></sec><sec><title>Methodology/Principal Findings</title><p>MicroNT and HI assays for specific antibody to the 2009 pandemic virus were conducted in serum samples collected at the end of the first epidemic wave from various groups of Thai people: laboratory confirmed cases, blood donors and health care workers (HCW) in Bangkok and neighboring province, general population in the North and the South, as well as archival sera collected at pre- and post-vaccination from vaccinees who received influenza vaccine of the 2006 season. This study demonstrated that goose erythrocytes yielded comparable HI antibody titer as compared to turkey erythrocytes. In contrast to the standard protocol, our investigation found out the necessity to eliminate nonspecific inhibitor present in the test sera by receptor destroying enzyme (RDE) prior to performing microNT assay. The investigation in pre-pandemic serum samples showed that HI antibody was more specific to the 2009 pandemic virus than NT antibody. Based on data from pre-pandemic sera together with those from the laboratory confirmed cases, HI antibody titers ≥40 for adults and ≥20 for children could be used as the cut-off level to differentiate between the individuals with or without past infection by the 2009 pandemic virus.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions/Significance</title><p>Based on the cut-off criteria, the infection rates of 7 and 12.8% were estimated in blood donors and HCW, respectively after the first wave of the 2009 influenza pandemic. Among general population, the infection rate of 58.6% was found in children <italic>versus</italic> 3.1% in adults.</p></sec></abstract><counts><page-count count="9"></page-count></counts></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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