Environmental Conditions Affect Exhalation of H3N2 Seasonal and Variant Influenza Viruses and Respiratory Droplet Transmission in Ferrets
Identifieur interne : 000A57 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000A56; suivant : 000A58Environmental Conditions Affect Exhalation of H3N2 Seasonal and Variant Influenza Viruses and Respiratory Droplet Transmission in Ferrets
Auteurs : Kortney M. Gustin ; Jessica A. Belser ; Vic Veguilla ; Hui Zeng ; Jacqueline M. Katz ; Terrence M. Tumpey ; Taronna R. MainesSource :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
The seasonality of influenza virus infections in temperate climates and the role of environmental conditions like temperature and humidity in the transmission of influenza virus through the air are not well understood. Using ferrets housed at four different environmental conditions, we evaluated the respiratory droplet transmission of two influenza viruses (a seasonal H3N2 virus and an H3N2 variant virus, the etiologic virus of a swine to human summertime infection) and concurrently characterized the aerosol shedding profiles of infected animals. Comparisons were made among the different temperature and humidity conditions and between the two viruses to determine if the H3N2 variant virus exhibited enhanced capabilities that may have contributed to the infections occurring in the summer. We report here that although increased levels of H3N2 variant virus were found in ferret nasal wash and exhaled aerosol samples compared to the seasonal H3N2 virus, enhanced respiratory droplet transmission was not observed under any of the environmental settings. However, overall environmental conditions were shown to modulate the frequency of influenza virus transmission through the air. Transmission occurred most frequently at 23°C/30%RH, while the levels of infectious virus in aerosols exhaled by infected ferrets agree with these results. Improving our understanding of how environmental conditions affect influenza virus infectivity and transmission may reveal ways to better protect the public against influenza virus infections.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125874
PubMed: 25969995
PubMed Central: 4430532
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Environmental Conditions Affect Exhalation of H3N2 Seasonal and Variant Influenza Viruses and Respiratory Droplet Transmission in Ferrets</title><author><name sortKey="Gustin, Kortney M" sort="Gustin, Kortney M" uniqKey="Gustin K" first="Kortney M." last="Gustin">Kortney M. Gustin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff001"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Belser, Jessica A" sort="Belser, Jessica A" uniqKey="Belser J" first="Jessica A." last="Belser">Jessica A. Belser</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff001"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Veguilla, Vic" sort="Veguilla, Vic" uniqKey="Veguilla V" first="Vic" last="Veguilla">Vic Veguilla</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff001"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zeng, Hui" sort="Zeng, Hui" uniqKey="Zeng H" first="Hui" last="Zeng">Hui Zeng</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff001"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Katz, Jacqueline M" sort="Katz, Jacqueline M" uniqKey="Katz J" first="Jacqueline M." last="Katz">Jacqueline M. Katz</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff001"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tumpey, Terrence M" sort="Tumpey, Terrence M" uniqKey="Tumpey T" first="Terrence M." last="Tumpey">Terrence M. 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Gustin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff001"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Belser, Jessica A" sort="Belser, Jessica A" uniqKey="Belser J" first="Jessica A." last="Belser">Jessica A. Belser</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff001"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Veguilla, Vic" sort="Veguilla, Vic" uniqKey="Veguilla V" first="Vic" last="Veguilla">Vic Veguilla</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff001"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zeng, Hui" sort="Zeng, Hui" uniqKey="Zeng H" first="Hui" last="Zeng">Hui Zeng</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff001"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Katz, Jacqueline M" sort="Katz, Jacqueline M" uniqKey="Katz J" first="Jacqueline M." last="Katz">Jacqueline M. Katz</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff001"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tumpey, Terrence M" sort="Tumpey, Terrence M" uniqKey="Tumpey T" first="Terrence M." last="Tumpey">Terrence M. Tumpey</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff001"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Maines, Taronna R" sort="Maines, Taronna R" uniqKey="Maines T" first="Taronna R." last="Maines">Taronna R. Maines</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff001"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>The seasonality of influenza virus infections in temperate climates and the role of environmental conditions like temperature and humidity in the transmission of influenza virus through the air are not well understood. Using ferrets housed at four different environmental conditions, we evaluated the respiratory droplet transmission of two influenza viruses (a seasonal H3N2 virus and an H3N2 variant virus, the etiologic virus of a swine to human summertime infection) and concurrently characterized the aerosol shedding profiles of infected animals. Comparisons were made among the different temperature and humidity conditions and between the two viruses to determine if the H3N2 variant virus exhibited enhanced capabilities that may have contributed to the infections occurring in the summer. We report here that although increased levels of H3N2 variant virus were found in ferret nasal wash and exhaled aerosol samples compared to the seasonal H3N2 virus, enhanced respiratory droplet transmission was not observed under any of the environmental settings. However, overall environmental conditions were shown to modulate the frequency of influenza virus transmission through the air. Transmission occurred most frequently at 23°C/30%RH, while the levels of infectious virus in aerosols exhaled by infected ferrets agree with these results. 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">PLoS One</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">PLoS ONE</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">plos</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">plosone</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>PLoS ONE</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1932-6203</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Public Library of Science</publisher-name><publisher-loc>San Francisco, CA USA</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">25969995</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4430532</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0125874</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">PONE-D-14-56594</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Environmental Conditions Affect Exhalation of H3N2 Seasonal and Variant Influenza Viruses and Respiratory Droplet Transmission in Ferrets</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">Environmental Conditions Affect Influenza Transmission in Ferrets</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gustin</surname><given-names>Kortney M.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="currentaff001"><sup>¤</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Belser</surname><given-names>Jessica A.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Veguilla</surname><given-names>Vic</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zeng</surname><given-names>Hui</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Katz</surname><given-names>Jacqueline M.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tumpey</surname><given-names>Terrence M.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Maines</surname><given-names>Taronna R.</given-names></name><xref rid="cor001" ref-type="corresp">*</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Disease, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America</addr-line></aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Elankumaran</surname><given-names>Subbiah</given-names></name><role>Academic Editor</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="edit1"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="edit1"><addr-line>Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, UNITED STATES</addr-line></aff><author-notes><fn fn-type="COI-statement" id="coi001"><p><bold>Competing Interests: </bold>The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</p></fn><fn fn-type="con" id="contrib001"><p>Conceived and designed the experiments: KMG TRM. Performed the experiments: KMG JAB VV HZ TRM. Analyzed the data: KMG VV TRM. Wrote the paper: KMG JAB VV HZ JMK TMT TRM.</p></fn><fn fn-type="current-aff" id="currentaff001"><label>¤</label><p>Current Address: Division of Select Agents and Toxins, Office of Public Health Preparedness and Emergency Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America</p></fn><corresp id="cor001">* E-mail: <email>tmaines@cdc.gov</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>5</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>5</issue><elocation-id>e0125874</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>17</day><month>12</month><year>2014</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>26</day><month>3</month><year>2015</year></date></history><permissions><license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"><license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Public Domain declaration, which stipulates that, once placed in the public domain, this work may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="pone.0125874.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><p>The seasonality of influenza virus infections in temperate climates and the role of environmental conditions like temperature and humidity in the transmission of influenza virus through the air are not well understood. Using ferrets housed at four different environmental conditions, we evaluated the respiratory droplet transmission of two influenza viruses (a seasonal H3N2 virus and an H3N2 variant virus, the etiologic virus of a swine to human summertime infection) and concurrently characterized the aerosol shedding profiles of infected animals. Comparisons were made among the different temperature and humidity conditions and between the two viruses to determine if the H3N2 variant virus exhibited enhanced capabilities that may have contributed to the infections occurring in the summer. We report here that although increased levels of H3N2 variant virus were found in ferret nasal wash and exhaled aerosol samples compared to the seasonal H3N2 virus, enhanced respiratory droplet transmission was not observed under any of the environmental settings. However, overall environmental conditions were shown to modulate the frequency of influenza virus transmission through the air. Transmission occurred most frequently at 23°C/30%RH, while the levels of infectious virus in aerosols exhaled by infected ferrets agree with these results. Improving our understanding of how environmental conditions affect influenza virus infectivity and transmission may reveal ways to better protect the public against influenza virus infections.</p></abstract><funding-group><funding-statement>These authors have no support or funding to report.</funding-statement></funding-group><counts><fig-count count="8"></fig-count><table-count count="1"></table-count><page-count count="19"></page-count></counts><custom-meta-group><custom-meta id="data-availability"><meta-name>Data Availability</meta-name><meta-value>All relevant data are within the paper.</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta><notes><title>Data Availability</title><p>All relevant data are within the paper.</p></notes></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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